In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price of a basket of goods. The most common measure being the consumer price index. It is the percentage rate of change in price level over time, and also indicates the rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money. The annual rate of inflation for 2023, was 4.1 percent higher in the United States when compared to the previous year. More information on inflation and the consumer price index can be found on our dedicated topic page. Additionally, the monthly rate of inflation in the United States can be accessed here. Inflation and purchasing power Inflation is a key economic indicator, and gives economists and consumers alike a look at changes in prices in the wider economy. For example, if an average pair of socks costs 100 dollars one year and 105 dollars the following year, the inflation rate is five percent. This means the amount of goods an individual can purchase with a unit of currency has decreased. This concept is often referred to as purchasing power. The data presents the average rate of inflation in a year, whereas the monthly measure of inflation measures the change in prices compared with prices one year ago. For example, monthly inflation in the U.S. reached a peak in June 2022 at 9.1 percent. This means that prices were 9.1 percent higher than they were in June of 2021. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. The Big Mac Index has been published by The Economist since 1986 and exemplifies purchasing power on a global scale, allowing us to see note the differences between different countries currencies. Switzerland for example, has the most expensive Big Mac in the world, costing consumers 6.71 U.S. dollars as of July 2022, whereas a Big Mac cost 5.15 dollars in the United States, and 4.77 dollars in the Euro area. One of the most important tools in influencing the rate of inflation is interest rates. The Federal Reserve of the United States has the capacity to make changes to the federal interest rate . Changes to the rate of inflation are thought to be an imbalance between supply and demand. After COVID-19 related lockdowns came to an end there was a sudden increase in demand for goods and services with consumers having more funds than usual thanks to reduced spending during lockdown and government funded economic support. Additionally, supply-chain related bottlenecks also due to lockdowns around the world and the Russian invasion of Ukraine meant that there was a decrease in the supply of goods and services. By increasing the interest rate, the Federal Reserve aims to reduce spending, and thus bring demand back into balance with supply.

U.S. inflation rate for 2023 was 4.13%, a 3.88% decline from 2022.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>U.S. inflation rate for 2022 was <strong>8.00%</strong>, a <strong>3.3% increase</strong> from 2021.</li>
<li>U.S. inflation rate for 2021 was <strong>4.70%</strong>, a <strong>3.46% increase</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>U.S. inflation rate for 2020 was <strong>1.23%</strong>, a <strong>0.58% decline</strong> from 2019.</li>
</ul>Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.

The inflation rate in the United States is expected to decrease to 2.1 percent by 2029. 2022 saw a year of exceptionally high inflation, reaching eight percent for the year. The data represents U.S. city averages. The base period was 1982-84. In economics, the inflation rate is a measurement of inflation, the rate of increase of a price index (in this case: consumer price index). It is the percentage rate of change in prices level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. According to the forecast, prices will increase by 2.9 percent in 2024. The annual inflation rate for previous years can be found here and the consumer price index for all urban consumers here. The monthly inflation rate for the United States can also be accessed here. Inflation in the U.S.Inflation is a term used to describe a general rise in the price of goods and services in an economy over a given period of time. Inflation in the United States is calculated using the consumer price index (CPI). The consumer price index is a measure of change in the price level of a preselected market basket of consumer goods and services purchased by households. This forecast of U.S. inflation was prepared by the International Monetary Fund. They project that inflation will stay higher than average throughout 2023, followed by a decrease to around roughly two percent annual rise in the general level of prices until 2028. Considering the annual inflation rate in the United States in 2021, a two percent inflation rate is a very moderate projection. The 2022 spike in inflation in the United States and worldwide is due to a variety of factors that have put constraints on various aspects of the economy. These factors include COVID-19 pandemic spending and supply-chain constraints, disruptions due to the war in Ukraine, and pandemic related changes in the labor force. Although the moderate inflation of prices between two and three percent is considered normal in a modern economy, countries’ central banks try to prevent severe inflation and deflation to keep the growth of prices to a minimum. Severe inflation is considered dangerous to a country’s economy because it can rapidly diminish the population’s purchasing power and thus damage the GDP .

The Consumer Price Index in the United States increased 0.10 percent in May of 2025 over the previous month. This dataset provides - United States Inflation Rate MoM - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This dataset provides values for INFLATION RATE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Real interest rates describe the growth in the real value of the interest on a loan or deposit, adjusted for inflation. Nominal interest rates on the other hand show us the raw interest rate, which is unadjusted for inflation. If the inflation rate in a certain country were zero percent, the real and nominal interest rates would be the same number. As inflation reduces the real value of a loan, however, a positive inflation rate will mean that the nominal interest rate is more likely to be greater than the real interest rate. We can see this in the recent inflationary episode which has taken place in the wake of the Coronavirus pandemic, with nominal interest rates rising over the course of 2022, but still lagging far behind the rate of inflation, meaning these rate rises register as smaller increases in the real interest rate.

Core Inflation Rate MoM in the United States decreased to 0.10 percent in May from 0.20 percent in April of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States Core Inflation Rate MoM.

Broadcast TV had a cost-per-mile (CPM) inflation rate of ***** percent in the United States in 2020. However, it is expected to grow to ** percent by 2022. Both cable TV and local TV had CPM inflation rates of **** percent in 2020.

Graph and download economic data for 5-Year Breakeven Inflation Rate (T5YIE) from 2003-01-02 to 2025-07-11 about spread, interest rate, interest, 5-year, inflation, rate, and USA.

Interactive chart showing the annual rate of inflation in the United States as measured by the Consumer Price Index back to 1914.

In December 2024, the chained consumer price index (CPI) in the United States increased 2.9 percent since December 2023. This 12 month percent change is a strong indicator of the nation's current inflation. The annual inflation rate based on current dollar value can be accessed here.

Historical chart and dataset showing North America inflation rate by year from 1960 to 2023.

Graph and download economic data for 30-year Breakeven Inflation Rate (T30YIEM) from Feb 2010 to Jun 2025 about 30-year, participation, inflation, rate, and USA.

Inflation Expectations in the United States decreased to 3 percent in June from 3.20 percent in May of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Consumer Inflation Expectations- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

United States - 30-year Breakeven Inflation Rate was 2.28% in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - 30-year Breakeven Inflation Rate reached a record high of 2.71 in April of 2011 and a record low of 1.29 in March of 2020. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - 30-year Breakeven Inflation Rate - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

In November 2024, the chained consumer price index for all urban consumers (C-CPI-U) in the United States decreased by 0.1 percent from the preceding month. The data represents U.S. city averages. The base period was January 1999=100. The chain weighted CPI incorporates the average changes in the quantity of goods purchased, along with standard pricing effects. This allows the chain weighted CPI to reflect situations where customers shift the weight of their purchases from one area of spending to another. A projection of the annual inflation rate of the country can be accessed here and the actual annual inflation rate since 1990 can be accessed here.

We report average expected inflation rates over the next one through 30 years. Our estimates of expected inflation rates are calculated using a Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland model that combines financial data and survey-based measures. Released monthly.

United States Breakeven Inflation: 5-Year data was reported at 2.410 % in 15 May 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.440 % for 14 May 2025. United States Breakeven Inflation: 5-Year data is updated daily, averaging 1.900 % from Jan 2003 (Median) to 15 May 2025, with 5597 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.590 % in 25 Mar 2022 and a record low of 0.140 % in 19 Mar 2020. United States Breakeven Inflation: 5-Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.I: Breakeven Inflation Rate. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Inflation Rate: 12 Months Expectation: Average data was reported at 7.000 % in Apr 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.000 % for Mar 2025. Inflation Rate: 12 Months Expectation: Average data is updated monthly, averaging 4.800 % from Aug 1987 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 453 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.900 % in Jun 2022 and a record low of 3.600 % in Oct 1995. Inflation Rate: 12 Months Expectation: Average data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Conference Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.H050: Consumer Confidence Index: Inflation Rate Expectation. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Graph and download economic data for Longer Run FOMC Summary of Economic Projections for the Personal Consumption Expenditures Inflation Rate, Median (PCECTPIMDLR) from 2015-06-17 to 2025-06-18 about projection, PCE, consumption expenditures, consumption, personal, median, inflation, rate, and USA.