In 2023, the percentage of informal employment in Brazil stood at 37 percent of the total employed population. This means that almost two fifths of workers in the country are considered informally employed. Neighboring Uruguay has one of the lowest rates of employment informality in Latin America.

In 2023, nearly ** percent of employees in the Brazilian construction industry were informally employed. Despite some fluctuations, the share of people working in construction with informal employment has stayed between ** and ** percent since 2009. Informal employment in construction was even more widespread in other Latin American countries, such as Peru, Mexico, Ecuador.

Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: as % of Employed Population data was reported at 33.377 % in 22 Aug 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 34.125 % for 15 Aug 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: as % of Employed Population data is updated daily, averaging 34.182 % from May 2020 (Median) to 22 Aug 2020, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35.691 % in 09 May 2020 and a record low of 32.527 % in 18 Jul 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: as % of Employed Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Labour Market – Table BR.GBA001: Continuous National Household Sample Survey: Weekly.

In 2023, the percentage of informal employment in Brazil stood at 37 percent of the total employed population. This means that almost two fifths of workers in the country are considered informally employed. Neighboring Uruguay has one of the lowest rates of employment informality in Latin America.

Brazil: Informal economy, MIMIC method: The latest value from 2020 is 40 percent, an increase from 38.9 percent in 2019. In comparison, the world average is 32.74 percent, based on data from 158 countries. Historically, the average for Brazil from 1993 to 2020 is 38.98 percent. The minimum value, 36.2 percent, was reached in 2012 while the maximum of 40.9 percent was recorded in 1998.

Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector data was reported at 27,618,144.905 Person in 22 Aug 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 28,016,247.357 Person for 15 Aug 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector data is updated daily, averaging 28,448,614.562 Person from May 2020 (Median) to 22 Aug 2020, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 29,961,015.556 Person in 09 May 2020 and a record low of 26,594,230.925 Person in 18 Jul 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Labour Market – Table BR.GBA001: Continuous National Household Sample Survey: Weekly.

This file contains aggregated indicators of the situation of non-agricultural formal and informal small businesses. The survey gives especial attention to small businesses in the informal sector. The survey contains information on investments, revenues, expenses and profits, characteristics of employed people (sex , age, education level, employment status and position in the occupation), access to non-financial services and credit.

It is widely believed that the presence of a large informal sector increases the efficiency cost of social programs in developing countries. We evaluate such claims for the case of Unemployment Insurance (UI) by combining an optimal UI framework with comprehensive data from Brazil. Using quasi-experimental variation in potential UI duration, we find clear evidence for the usual moral hazard problem that UI reduces incentives to return to a formal job. Yet, the associated efficiency cost is lower than in the U.S., and is lower in labor markets with higher informality within Brazil. This is because formal reemployment rates are lower to begin with where informality is higher, so that a larger share of workers would draw UI benefits absent any moral hazard. In sum, efficiency concerns may actually become more relevant as an economy formalizes.

Abstract This study aims to analyze the factors that determine an individual’s choice of having secondary employment and how this decision is related to informality. To that end, based on data from “Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) contínua”, we estimate a random effects Logit model to verify factors influencing this decision of insertion. Results indicate that the main work income, schooling and informality in the main employment have a positive influence on the worker’s decision to seek secondary employment.

Abstract

The objective of the research is to provide adequate information for planning, monitoring and analysis of economic policies and social programs in relation to their impacts on the conditions of home life, especially those of the poorest populations. Substantially, the survey provides an overview of the well-being of household residents and allows the study of its determinants. Starting from the premise that quantifying and situating a problem is not enough, the research seeks explanations that allow indicating solutions. For example, knowing how many poor people there are, how and where they live and what they do is only part of the investigation. In order to produce information that can support more effective solutions, a detailed survey of the causes and consequences of poverty is necessary. The same principle applies to other areas of social welfare. In this way, the survey questionnaire is designed to provide a set of integrated information with the aim of:

· Measure the distribution of well-being and the level of poverty, mainly in areas where subsistence agriculture, the informal economy and seasonal employment predominate · Describe the patterns of access and use of public services - education, health, basic sanitation, etc. · Understand how households react to economic conditions and the impacts of government measures · Allow complex analyses of the relationships between the various aspects of social well-being, such as the impact of health on employment, the pattern of spending on nutritional levels of residents, etc.

The research, however, does not address the various topics investigated with the same depth as the information collected in topical research. At the same time, due to having a small sample, the accuracy of the results is less than that of topical research. However, due to its thematic scope, the research allows a good multidimensional summary of well-being and the study of the interactions between the various factors.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Households

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

(a) THE SAMPLE PLANNING

The sample design of the PPV - Research on Living Standards - was discussed with World Bank technicians and the sample size was determined according to the budget available for the research. As a pilot research, it was chosen to be carried out only in the Northeast and Southeast regions of the country, considering 10 geographic strata, namely: Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza, Metropolitan Region of Recife, Metropolitan Region of Salvador, remainder of the urban area of the Northeast, remainder of rural area of the Northeast, Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, remainder of the urban area of the Southeast and remainder of the rural area of the Southeast. As in other household surveys conducted by IBGE, a design with two stages of selection was chosen, with stratification of the primary units and selection proportional to a size measure and random selection of the second stage units. The primary unit is the sector of the geographical base of the 1991 Demographic Census and the second stage unit is the household.

(b) SAMPLE SIZE The sample size for each geographic stratum was fixed at 480 households. In each geographic stratum, the number of sectors to be selected was set at 60 and 8 households in each sector, with the exception of strata that correspond to the rest of the rural area of each Region, where the number of sectors was fixed at 30 and 16 the number of households to be selected by sector, due to the difficulty of access to these sectors, which would imply increase costs. The size of the fixed sample was defended by World Bank technicians due to the experience in other countries where the research was or is being conducted, the need to produce information as quickly as possible and because the research is not intended to produce tabulation with crossings of variables, as occurs with the information from the National Household Sample Survey - PNAD, but to provide trend or variation indicators at very aggregate levels.

(c) THE DEFINITION OF STATISTICAL STRATA

The final sample size of households was fixed according to the cost, more specifically the financial resources available. As a result, the sample size of sectors and the number of households to be selected by sector were also fixed, namely: - 60 sectors and 8 households per sector, in urban geographic strata and metropolitan regions - 30 sectors and 16 households per sector, in rural geographic strata

Before the allocation in the income strata, the total sample in the 10 geographic strata had 540 sectors and 4,800 households. Proportional allocation was used, based on the number of occupied permanent private households, obtained by Census 91.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: as % of Employed Population: North data was reported at 49.262 % in 22 Aug 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 48.787 % for 15 Aug 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: as % of Employed Population: North data is updated daily, averaging 48.581 % from May 2020 (Median) to 22 Aug 2020, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 50.431 % in 20 Jun 2020 and a record low of 47.196 % in 25 Jul 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: as % of Employed Population: North data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Labour Market – Table BR.GBA001: Continuous National Household Sample Survey: Weekly.

Abstrac The COVID-19 pandemic is a global public health problem that has given new dynamics to the world economy. The rapid spread of the disease and the use of social distancing as a form of prevention exposed the social and urban inequalities of capitalist cities. In Brazil, as in other countries, social distancing has promoted rapid changes in the labor market with more severe impacts for 37.3 million people living in the informal sector, as they do not have rights to, for example, the severance pay indemnity fund (FGTS) and unemployment benefit. According to the International Labour Organization, the first layoffs are occurring among those who live off precarious work, such as: outsourced workers, clerks, waiters, kitchen workers, day laborers, baggage handlers, and cleaners. We show a brief synthesis of the consequences that the health crisis has brought to Brazilian workers and propose coping measures that are not limited to emergency aid. The recovery and creation of occupations will depend, among other factors, on the resumption of spending on social and economic programs that were able to reduce social inequalities at the beginning of this century, such as PAC-favelas; Minha Casa, Minha Vida Program; Bolsa Família Program and the FAT Employment and Income Generation Program. These programs can and must be expanded to bring the economy back to growth in the long run.

Leftist governments with strong links to organized labor are expected to increase the number of people protected by job security rules. But do they? I explore whether the Left in power at the local level in Brazil cracks down on enterprises that employ non-contract, informal-sector workers, and implements policies aimed at reducing the size of the informal sector. With a close-election regression-discontinuity design, I show that mayors from the Workers’ Party (PT) in fact slow down enforcement and improve conditions in the informal sector, rather than encouraging a shift to formal jobs. This reflects a challenge that leftist parties face across the world: how to simultaneously improve the employment prospects and conditions of workers in precarious employment and those in full-time jobs in the context of increased global competition, segmented labor markets and, in Latin America, truncated welfare states.

Employed Person on Informal Sector: North data was reported at 3,212,664.947 Person in 22 Aug 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,089,350.605 Person for 15 Aug 2020. Employed Person on Informal Sector: North data is updated daily, averaging 3,060,695.442 Person from May 2020 (Median) to 22 Aug 2020, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,350,188.408 Person in 20 Jun 2020 and a record low of 2,939,653.911 Person in 25 Jul 2020. Employed Person on Informal Sector: North data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Labour Market – Table BR.GBA001: Continuous National Household Sample Survey: Weekly.

Abstract This paper examines the transition from wage labor, formal or informal, to self-employment in metropolitan Brazil, in particular, the role of retirement in this process. It is important to understand the transitions that occur at the end of the working career, particularly the choice of self-employment, which has potential impacts on individual well-being. The data used are from the Monthly Employment Survey (PME), between the years 2002 to 2007. Using the pseudopainel methodology two main evidence was found. First, the greater the importance of retirement income relative to the income of wage labor, the lower the chance of transition. This result may indicate that older workers who depend on retirement for their survival have high aversion to risk involved in self-employment. In addition, informal workers are more likely to transition to self-employment than formal workers.

The considerations about productive activities regularly not captured by official statistics, the "non-observed economy" (NOE), is a relevant issue for the Brazilian economy, linked directly to the System of National Accounts (SNA). This article seeks to bring up conceptual and methodological questions, as well as results for the Brazilian economy to complement the SCN commonly reported in the country. The ENO in Brazil as a proportion of GDP declined from 15.8% to 11.6% between 2000 and 2009, a result influenced by reducing the still significant weight of household production and the informal economy Factors such as economic growth, especially in the period 2004-2008, and effects of specific policies such as reducing and simplifying taxes, credit expansion for micro entrepreneurs and increased labor inspection were identified as relevant to this reduction.

Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector as % of Employed Population: South data was reported at 24.343 % in 22 Aug 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 25.792 % for 15 Aug 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector as % of Employed Population: South data is updated daily, averaging 25.106 % from May 2020 (Median) to 22 Aug 2020, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 27.475 % in 16 May 2020 and a record low of 24.124 % in 25 Jul 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector as % of Employed Population: South data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Labour Market – Table BR.GBA001: Continuous National Household Sample Survey: Weekly.

Abstract: This study investigates the occurrence of incomes segmentation between formal and informal workers in Brazil, considering two distinct groups: employees, and self-employed together with employers. While for the first group the formality criterion is the signed work contract, for the second is the contribution to the social security. Using information from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) for the years of 2002 and 2012, and applying a model of quantile treatment effect under endogeneity, we try to verify if there are differences of income between formal and informal workers that can be explained solely by the individual allocation into one sector or another. The results indicate the occurrence of segmentation in a large part of the income distribution for both groups and in both periods. In addition, this phenomenon occurs more intensely in the lower quantiles of the distribution, that is, among lower income workers.

Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: South data was reported at 3,342,148.350 Person in 22 Aug 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3,486,879.337 Person for 15 Aug 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: South data is updated daily, averaging 3,420,514.357 Person from May 2020 (Median) to 22 Aug 2020, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,824,139.518 Person in 16 May 2020 and a record low of 3,249,674.504 Person in 25 Jul 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: South data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Labour Market – Table BR.GBA001: Continuous National Household Sample Survey: Weekly.

Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: Southeast data was reported at 10,810,761.273 Person in 22 Aug 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 10,797,592.271 Person for 15 Aug 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: Southeast data is updated daily, averaging 11,158,919.551 Person from May 2020 (Median) to 22 Aug 2020, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,910,294.942 Person in 09 May 2020 and a record low of 10,284,016.749 Person in 18 Jul 2020. Brazil Employed Person on Informal Sector: Southeast data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Labour Market – Table BR.GBA001: Continuous National Household Sample Survey: Weekly.