O Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor (INPC) é calculado pelo IBGE desde 1979 e tem por objetivo a mensuração das variações de preços da cesta de consumo das populações assalariadas e com baixo rendimento.

É o índice utilizado para negociações de reajustes salariais.

Principais Variáveis Investigadas e Unidades de Investigação

Os preços obtidos são os efetivamente cobrados ao consumidor, para pagamento à vista. A Pesquisa é realizada em estabelecimentos comerciais, prestadores de serviços, domicílios e concessionárias de serviços públicos.

Definição

É o índice que mede a inflação de preços da cesta de consumo das famílias residentes nas áreas urbanas das regiões de abrangência do Sistema Nacional Índices de Preços ao Consumidor (SNIPC), com rendimentos de um a oito salários mínimos e cujos chefes são assalariados (faixa salarial vigente até junho de 2006).

Abrangência geográfica da pesquisa

As pesquisas são feitas nas Regiões Metropolitanas do Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador e Curitiba, além de Brasília e do município de Goiânia.

Formato de arquivo

Os arquivos das séries estão em formato CSV, sendo que o caractere separador de campos é a tabulação. Podem ser abertos em qualquer editor de planilhas, tais como LibreOffice Calc ou Excel.

Observações

• Planilhas com índices por município, para alguns municípios, também estão disponíveis na fonte direta: consulta de séries do IBGE para o INPC.
• Veja também os índices de preços IPCA e IPCA-15.

Notas

1. Com a atualização das Estruturas de Ponderação, obtidas a partir da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares - POF - 1995-1996, foram introduzidos aperfeiçoamentos na classificação dos produtos e serviços que compõem as estruturas. Com isso foram criadas novas tabelas e novas séries, a partir de agosto de 1999, contendo os dados com as estruturas atualizadas.
2. Em agosto de 1999 das séries Transporte e Comunicação e Despesas Pessoais foram criadas três novas séries: 1 - Transporte; 2 - Comunicação; 3 - Educação, cursos, leitura e papelaria cujos ítens deixaram de compor a série Despesas Pessoais.
3. INPC/1991. Excepcionalmente, o IBGE adotou o cálculo agregado dos meses de agosto e setembro de 1991.
4. O Município de Goiânia foi integrado ao sistema em janeiro de 1991.
5. Com a atualização das Estruturas de Ponderação, obtidas a partir da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares - POF - 2008-2009, novas tabelas e novas séries, iniciadas em 2012, serão publicadas a partir do II trimestre de 2012, para o IPCA, INPC e IPCA 15.

Para saber mais: http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/indicadores/precos/inpc_ipca/INPC2006.pdf

INPC: Brasilia data was reported at 6,921.520 Dec1993=100 in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6,944.440 Dec1993=100 for Feb 2025. INPC: Brasilia data is updated monthly, averaging 2,759.410 Dec1993=100 from Nov 1989 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 425 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,944.440 Dec1993=100 in Feb 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Dec1993=100 in Dec 1989. INPC: Brasilia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.IC001: Consumer Price Index - INPC: POF: 2017-2018: by Municipality. IBGE published a historical series of price indices of IPCA and INPC which will be kept with the same base year December 1993 = 100 with five different weighting structures over the entire period. From July 1989 to July 1999 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey - Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) 1987-1988. From August 1999 to June 2006 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 1995-1996. From July 2006 to December 2011 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2002-2003. From January 2012 to December 2019 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2008-2009. From January 2020 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2017-2018.

O INPC tem por objetivo a correção do poder de compra dos salários, através da mensuração das variações de preços da cesta de consumo da população assalariada com mais baixo rendimento. Esta faixa de renda foi criada com o objetivo de garantir uma cobertura populacional de 50% das famílias cuja pessoa de referência é assalariada e pertencente às áreas urbanas de cobertura do SNIPC - Sistema Nacional de Índices de Preços ao Consumidor.

Pesquisa no sistema SIDRA

https://sidra.ibge.gov.br/pesquisa/snipc/inpc

Tabelas SIDRA

Tabela 1736 - INPC - Série histórica com número-índice, variação mensal e variações acumuladas em 3 meses, em 6 meses, no ano e em 12 meses (a partir de abril/1979)

INPC: Curitiba data was reported at 7,302.930 Dec1993=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,245.690 Dec1993=100 for Feb 2025. INPC: Curitiba data is updated monthly, averaging 2,621.900 Dec1993=100 from Oct 1989 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 426 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,302.930 Dec1993=100 in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Dec1993=100 in Dec 1989. INPC: Curitiba data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.IC001: Consumer Price Index - INPC: POF: 2017-2018: by Municipality. IBGE published a historical series of price indices of IPCA and INPC which will be kept with the same base year December 1993 = 100 with five different weighting structures over the entire period. From July 1989 to July 1999 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey - Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) 1987-1988. From August 1999 to June 2006 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 1995-1996. From July 2006 to December 2011 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2002-2003. From January 2012 to December 2019 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2008-2009. From January 2020 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2017-2018.

INPC: Sao Paulo data was reported at 7,707.310 Dec1993=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,659.060 Dec1993=100 for Feb 2025. INPC: Sao Paulo data is updated monthly, averaging 2,794.370 Dec1993=100 from Nov 1989 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 425 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,707.310 Dec1993=100 in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Dec1993=100 in Dec 1989. INPC: Sao Paulo data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.IC001: Consumer Price Index - INPC: POF: 2017-2018: by Municipality. IBGE published a historical series of price indices of IPCA and INPC which will be kept with the same base year December 1993 = 100 with five different weighting structures over the entire period. From July 1989 to July 1999 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey - Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) 1987-1988. From August 1999 to June 2006 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 1995-1996. From July 2006 to December 2011 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2002-2003. From January 2012 to December 2019 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2008-2009. From January 2020 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2017-2018.

INPC: Rio de Janeiro data was reported at 7,767.530 Dec1993=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,726.580 Dec1993=100 for Feb 2025. INPC: Rio de Janeiro data is updated monthly, averaging 2,826.520 Dec1993=100 from Nov 1989 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 425 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,767.530 Dec1993=100 in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Dec1993=100 in Dec 1989. INPC: Rio de Janeiro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.IC001: Consumer Price Index - INPC: POF: 2017-2018: by Municipality. IBGE published a historical series of price indices of IPCA and INPC which will be kept with the same base year December 1993 = 100 with five different weighting structures over the entire period. From July 1989 to July 1999 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey - Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) 1987-1988. From August 1999 to June 2006 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 1995-1996. From July 2006 to December 2011 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2002-2003. From January 2012 to December 2019 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2008-2009. From January 2020 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2017-2018.

INPC: Recife data was reported at 7,180.810 Dec1993=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,154.340 Dec1993=100 for Feb 2025. INPC: Recife data is updated monthly, averaging 2,619.010 Dec1993=100 from Nov 1989 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 425 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,180.810 Dec1993=100 in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Dec1993=100 in Dec 1989. INPC: Recife data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.IC001: Consumer Price Index - INPC: POF: 2017-2018: by Municipality. IBGE published a historical series of price indices of IPCA and INPC which will be kept with the same base year December 1993 = 100 with five different weighting structures over the entire period. From July 1989 to July 1999 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey - Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) 1987-1988. From August 1999 to June 2006 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 1995-1996. From July 2006 to December 2011 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2002-2003. From January 2012 to December 2019 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2008-2009. From January 2020 index, the weighting structures of indexes were obtained from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) 2017-2018.

Comentário: O Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA) mede a inflação de um conjunto de bens e serviços comercializados no varejo, referentes ao consumo pessoal das famílias, cujo rendimento varia entre 1 e 40 salários mínimos, visando uma cobertura de 90 % das famílias pertencentes as áreas urbanas de abrangência do Sistema Nacional de Índices de Preços ao Consumidor (SNIPC), qualquer que seja a fonte de rendimentos. É calculado a partir dos resultados dos índices regionais, utilizando-se a média aritmética ponderada e cuja a variável de ponderação é o Rendimento Familiar Monetário Disponível, tendo como fonte de informação a Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares - POF. Refere-se ao número índice (número de pontos ) das taxas de variações de preços do grupo de bens e serviços. Nota: O índice de agosto de 1991, excepcionalmente, foi calculado pelo IBGE como média geométrica dos valores observados em julho e setembro. Por isso, as taxas de variação apresentadas para agosto e setembro de 1991 são iguais. Mais informações: Para compreender o INPC ; Indicadores IBGE ; Sistema Nacional de Índices de Preços ao Consumidor e "Contabilidade Social", Feijó & Ramos, 4ª ed. Revisada e Ampliada.