The benchmark interest rate in the United States was last recorded at 4 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Fed Funds Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

TraditionData’s Interest Rate Options service offers a comprehensive dataset of interest rate option premiums and implied volatilities across multiple currencies.

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Graph and download economic data for Equity Market Volatility Tracker: Macroeconomic News and Outlook: Interest Rates (EMVMACROINTEREST) from Jan 1985 to Oct 2025 about volatility, uncertainty, equity, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates and Price Indexes; Dow Jones U.S. Total Market Index, Level (BOGZ1FL073164013Q) from Q4 1970 to Q2 2025 about mutual funds, equity, liabilities, interest rate, interest, rate, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

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Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates and Price Indexes; Dow Jones U.S. Total Market Index, Level (BOGZ1FL073164013A) from 1970 to 2024 about mutual funds, equity, liabilities, interest rate, interest, rate, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

The benchmark interest rate in Hong Kong was last recorded at 4.25 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Hong Kong Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Context

The Federal Reserve sets interest rates to promote conditions that achieve the mandate set by the Congress — high employment, low and stable inflation, sustainable economic growth, and moderate long-term interest rates. Interest rates set by the Fed directly influence the cost of borrowing money. Lower interest rates encourage more people to obtain a mortgage for a new home or to borrow money for an automobile or for home improvement. Lower rates encourage businesses to borrow funds to invest in expansion such as purchasing new equipment, updating plants, or hiring more workers. Higher interest rates restrain such borrowing by consumers and businesses.

Content

This dataset includes data on the economic conditions in the United States on a monthly basis since 1954. The federal funds rate is the interest rate at which depository institutions trade federal funds (balances held at Federal Reserve Banks) with each other overnight. The rate that the borrowing institution pays to the lending institution is determined between the two banks; the weighted average rate for all of these types of negotiations is called the effective federal funds rate. The effective federal funds rate is determined by the market but is influenced by the Federal Reserve through open market operations to reach the federal funds rate target. The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meets eight times a year to determine the federal funds target rate; the target rate transitioned to a target range with an upper and lower limit in December 2008. The real gross domestic product is calculated as the seasonally adjusted quarterly rate of change in the gross domestic product based on chained 2009 dollars. The unemployment rate represents the number of unemployed as a seasonally adjusted percentage of the labor force. The inflation rate reflects the monthly change in the Consumer Price Index of products excluding food and energy.

Acknowledgements

The interest rate data was published by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis' economic data portal. The gross domestic product data was provided by the US Bureau of Economic Analysis; the unemployment and consumer price index data was provided by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Inspiration

How does economic growth, unemployment, and inflation impact the Federal Reserve's interest rates decisions? How has the interest rate policy changed over time? Can you predict the Federal Reserve's next decision? Will the target range set in March 2017 be increased, decreased, or remain the same?

Interest Rate Options Market Outlook

According to the latest research conducted in 2025, the global Interest Rate Options Market size reached USD 12.8 billion in 2024, demonstrating robust activity across major financial centers. The market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 7.2% from 2025 to 2033, reaching a projected value of USD 23.9 billion by the end of the forecast period. This growth trajectory is primarily driven by increasing volatility in global interest rates, the need for sophisticated risk management tools, and the growing participation of institutional investors in derivatives trading. As per our latest research, the market’s expansion is underpinned by a surge in demand for customized financial instruments to hedge against interest rate fluctuations and capitalize on arbitrage opportunities.

One of the key growth factors propelling the Interest Rate Options Market is the heightened uncertainty in global macroeconomic conditions, which has led to significant fluctuations in interest rates across developed and emerging economies. Central banks’ monetary policy shifts, the ongoing recalibration of inflation expectations, and geopolitical tensions have collectively contributed to increased volatility in the fixed income markets. As a result, corporations, asset managers, and hedge funds are increasingly turning to interest rate options such as caps, floors, collars, and swaptions to manage risk exposure and protect their portfolios from adverse rate movements. This dynamic is further reinforced by the growing sophistication of financial institutions and the availability of advanced analytics, which enable market participants to model and execute complex hedging strategies with greater precision.

Another important driver for the Interest Rate Options Market is the rapid evolution of trading platforms and technology infrastructure. The proliferation of electronic trading systems, coupled with the rising adoption of algorithmic trading, has enhanced market transparency, reduced transaction costs, and significantly improved execution speed for interest rate options. Exchange-traded platforms are witnessing increased activity due to their standardized contracts and clearing mechanisms, which mitigate counterparty risk. Simultaneously, the over-the-counter (OTC) segment remains vital for bespoke and large-volume transactions, offering tailored solutions to institutional clients. The convergence of digitalization, regulatory reforms, and market innovation is expected to further accelerate growth in both exchange-traded and OTC segments, fostering a more dynamic and resilient derivatives ecosystem globally.

Furthermore, the expansion of the Interest Rate Options Market is strongly influenced by the growing participation of non-traditional end-users, including corporates and asset managers. These entities are increasingly leveraging interest rate derivatives not only for hedging but also for yield enhancement and speculative purposes. The integration of interest rate options into broader portfolio management strategies allows for more effective risk-adjusted returns, especially in environments characterized by low or negative interest rates. Additionally, the development of new product variants and the entry of fintech firms are broadening market access, democratizing the use of interest rate options among mid-sized enterprises and institutional investors alike. This trend is expected to sustain high demand and foster innovation throughout the forecast period.

From a regional perspective, North America remains the dominant market for Interest Rate Options, accounting for the largest share of global trading volumes in 2024. The region’s leadership is underpinned by the presence of major financial hubs, advanced market infrastructure, and a deep pool of institutional investors. Europe follows closely, benefiting from an integrated capital market and strong regulatory frameworks that support derivatives trading. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is emerging as a high-growth market, driven by financial market liberalization, rising cross-border capital flows, and increasing sophistication among local investors. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing gradual uptake, albeit from a lower base, as local financial institutions seek to enhance their risk management capabilities and participate more actively in global derivatives markets.

View monthly updates and historical trends for US Long-Term Interest Rates. from United States. Source: Robert Shiller. Track economic data with YCharts a…

Source is Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/"NAME OF MEASURE" Column names are "Name of Measure" from FRED's catalog.

Group 1: Yield Curve Indicators These focus on the shape of the Treasury yield curve, comparing longer-term to shorter-term rates. They are primarily used to: Signal Economic Expectations: A normal curve (longer-term rates higher) suggests expectations of growth and possibly inflation. A flattening or inverted curve (short-term rates near or above long-term) could signal a potential slowdown or recession.

Group 2: Monetary Policy and Market Expectations These spreads look at the difference between Treasury yields and the Federal Funds Rate, the primary tool of monetary policy. They indicate: Market vs. Fed Outlook: Widening spreads could suggest the market expects faster rate hikes or higher long-term inflation than the Fed is signaling. Narrowing spreads could mean the opposite. Risk-Taking: When these spreads widen, it can be a sign of investors moving from safe Treasuries to riskier assets in search of yield.

Group 3: Credit Risk and Market Sentiment These spreads focus on corporate bond yields relative to Treasuries, highlighting the added compensation investors require for holding riskier corporate debt. They signal: Credit Conditions: Widening spreads suggest deteriorating credit conditions or lower risk tolerance among investors. Narrowing spreads suggest the opposite. Economic Confidence: Investors often demand higher premiums for corporate bonds during economic uncertainty, widening these spreads.

Group 4: Breakeven Inflation Rates The breakeven inflation rate represents a measure of expected inflation derived from 30-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Securities (BC_30YEAR) and 30-Year Treasury Inflation-Indexed Constant Maturity Securities (TC_30YEAR). The latest value implies what market participants expect inflation to be in the next 30 years, on average.

Brazil Money Market Interest Rate: Monthly Average: Per Annum data was reported at 6.400 % pa in Nov 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 6.400 % pa for Oct 2018. Brazil Money Market Interest Rate: Monthly Average: Per Annum data is updated monthly, averaging 10.630 % pa from Dec 2008 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 120 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.140 % pa in Dec 2015 and a record low of 6.390 % pa in Sep 2018. Brazil Money Market Interest Rate: Monthly Average: Per Annum data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.MC005: Money Market Rate.

Interest Rate Futures Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Interest Rate Futures market size reached USD 5.8 trillion in 2024, reflecting a robust and sustained appetite for risk management and speculative opportunities in global financial markets. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.2% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated USD 10.8 trillion by 2033. This growth is primarily driven by increasing volatility in global interest rates, a rising demand for effective hedging instruments, and expanding participation from institutional investors, banks, and hedge funds. As per our latest research, the market is witnessing a structural transformation fueled by technological advancements, regulatory reforms, and the globalization of financial markets, making interest rate futures an indispensable tool for risk management and investment strategies worldwide.

One of the most significant growth factors for the Interest Rate Futures market is the heightened volatility and unpredictability of global interest rates. Central banks across major economies have been actively adjusting their monetary policies in response to inflationary pressures, economic recovery post-pandemic, and geopolitical uncertainties. These frequent changes in interest rates have created an urgent need for market participants to manage their exposure to interest rate risks. As a result, both institutional and retail investors are increasingly turning to interest rate futures as a cost-effective and efficient means to hedge against adverse movements in interest rates. The ability of these instruments to offer standardized contracts, deep liquidity, and transparent pricing further enhances their appeal, driving greater adoption across diverse market segments.

Technological innovation is another critical driver propelling the expansion of the Interest Rate Futures market. The proliferation of advanced trading platforms, algorithmic trading, and real-time data analytics has significantly improved market accessibility and operational efficiency. Exchange-traded and over-the-counter platforms are now equipped with sophisticated risk management tools, automated execution capabilities, and enhanced security features that cater to the evolving needs of institutional investors, banks, and hedge funds. These technological advancements have lowered entry barriers, increased trading volumes, and fostered greater market participation from a broader spectrum of end-users. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning in trading strategies is enabling market participants to identify and capitalize on arbitrage opportunities with unprecedented speed and accuracy.

Regulatory reforms and the globalization of financial markets are also playing an instrumental role in shaping the growth trajectory of the Interest Rate Futures market. Regulatory bodies across North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific are emphasizing greater transparency, risk mitigation, and investor protection in derivatives trading. The implementation of stringent margin requirements, centralized clearing, and reporting standards has enhanced market integrity and reduced systemic risks. Furthermore, the liberalization of capital markets in emerging economies and cross-border collaboration among exchanges are facilitating the seamless flow of capital and expanding the reach of interest rate futures to new geographies. These regulatory and structural developments are creating a more resilient and inclusive market ecosystem, supporting sustained growth over the forecast period.

From a regional perspective, North America continues to dominate the Interest Rate Futures market, accounting for the largest share in both trading volumes and open interest. This dominance is attributed to the presence of well-established exchanges, a mature financial infrastructure, and a diverse base of institutional investors. Europe and Asia Pacific are also witnessing robust growth, driven by regulatory harmonization, the introduction of new contract types, and the increasing participation of global investors. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are emerging as promising markets, supported by ongoing financial sector reforms and the gradual adoption of derivatives trading. The regional outlook remains positive, with each region contributing uniquely to the overall expansion of the market.

Contract Type Analysis

The Contract Type segment of the Intere

In June 2025, the weighted average interest rate of interbank lending in China was **** percent. Banks not only lend out money to individuals and to business but also to one another. It allows them to stock surplus liquidity or to cover a short-term lack of liquidity.

The benchmark interest rate in Sweden was last recorded at 1.75 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Sweden Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Netherlands Official Interest Rate: Statutory data was reported at 2.000 % pa in Nov 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 2.000 % pa for Oct 2018. Netherlands Official Interest Rate: Statutory data is updated monthly, averaging 5.000 % pa from Jan 1934 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 1019 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.000 % pa in Jun 1993 and a record low of 2.000 % pa in Nov 2018. Netherlands Official Interest Rate: Statutory data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by De Nederlandsche Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Netherlands – Table NL.M004: Money Market Interest Rates.

Year: The year of the observation.

Month: The month of the observation.

Interest Rate: The prevailing interest rate for the given month.

Unemployment Rate: The unemployment rate in percentage terms for that time period.

Index Price: A synthetic stock market index price representing overall market trends.

The benchmark interest rate in Brazil was last recorded at 15 percent. This dataset provides - Brazil Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The interest rate set by the Federal Reserve is a crucial tool for promoting economic conditions that meet the mandate established by the United States Congress, which includes high employment, low and stable inflation, sustainable economic growth, and the moderation of long-term interest rates. The interest rates determined by the Fed directly influence the cost of credit, making financing either more accessible or more restrictive. When interest rates are low, there is a greater incentive for consumers to purchase homes through mortgages, finance automobiles, or undertake home renovations. Additionally, businesses are encouraged to invest in expanding their operations, whether by purchasing new equipment, modernizing facilities, or hiring more workers. Conversely, higher interest rates tend to curb such activity, discouraging borrowing and slowing economic expansion.

The dataset analyzed contains information on the economic conditions in the United States on a monthly basis since 1954, including the federal funds rate, which represents the percentage at which financial institutions trade reserves held at the Federal Reserve with each other in the interbank market overnight. This rate is determined by the market but is directly influenced by the Federal Reserve through open market operations to reach the established target. The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meets eight times a year to determine the federal funds rate target, which has been defined within a range with upper and lower limits since December 2008.

Furthermore, real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is calculated based on the seasonally adjusted quarterly rate of change in the economy, using chained 2009 dollars as a reference. The unemployment rate represents the seasonally adjusted percentage of the labor force that is unemployed. Meanwhile, the inflation rate is determined by the monthly change in the Consumer Price Index, excluding food and energy prices for a more stable analysis of core inflation.

The interest rate data was sourced from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis' economic data portal, while GDP information was provided by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, and unemployment and inflation data were made available by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The analysis of this data helps to understand how economic growth, the unemployment rate, and inflation influence the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy decisions. Additionally, it allows for a study of the evolution of interest rate policies over time and raises the question of how predictable the Fed’s future decisions may be. Based on observed trends, it is possible to speculate whether the target range set in March 2017 will be maintained, lowered, or increased, considering the prevailing economic context and the challenges faced in conducting U.S. monetary policy.

Key information about United States Short Term Interest Rate

• United States Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: Treasury Bills: 3 Months was reported at 4.20 % pa in Feb 2025, compared with 4.20 % pa in the previous month.
• US Short Term Interest Rate data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1954 to Feb 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 15.52 % pa in Aug 1981 and a record low of -0.01 % pa in Sep 2015.
• Short Term Interest Rate is reported by reported by Federal Reserve Board.

• In the latest reports, US Treasury Notes Yield: Constant Maturity: Nominal: 10 Years was reported at 4.45 % pa in Feb 2025.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Effective Federal Funds Rate) was set at 4.33 % pa in Feb 2025.