The benchmark interest rate in Canada was last recorded at 2.25 percent. This dataset provides - Canada Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

More than ************* mortgage loans are projected to be affected by the increasing mortgage interest rates in Canada by 2025. About *********** of these mortgages are projected to be up for renewal in 2024. These loans were taken out at a time when interest rates were much lower, meaning that homeowners will be affected by a notable increase in their monthly payments.

Canada's inflation rate experienced significant fluctuations from 2018 to 2025. Inflation peaked at *** percent in June 2022 before steadily declining to *** percent by December 2024. In early 2025, inflation began to increase again, rising to *** percent in February and dropping to *** percent in March. In April 2025, inflation decreased to *** percent. In response to rising inflation between 2020 and 2022, the Bank of Canada implemented aggressive interest rate hikes. The bank rate reached a maximum of **** percent in July 2023 and remained stable until June 2024. As inflationary pressures eased in the second half of 2024, the central bank reduced interest rates to *** percent in December 2024. In 2025, the bank rate witnessed further cuts, standing at * percent in March 2025 and **** percent in September 2025. This pattern reflected broader global economic trends, with most advanced and emerging economies experiencing similar inflationary challenges and monetary policy adjustments. Global context of inflation and interest rates The Canadian experience aligns with the broader international trend of central banks raising policy rates to combat inflation. Between 2021 and 2023, nearly all advanced and emerging economies increased their central bank rates. However, a shift occurred in the latter half of 2024, with many countries, including Canada, beginning to lower rates. This change suggests a new phase in the global economic cycle and monetary policy approach. Notably, among surveyed countries, Russia maintained the highest interest rate in early 2025, while Japan had the lowest rate. Comparison with the United States The United States experienced a similar trajectory in inflation and interest rates. U.S. inflation peaked at *** percent in June 2022, slightly higher than Canada's peak. The Federal Reserve responded with a series of rate hikes, reaching **** percent in August 2023. This rate remained unchanged until September 2024, when the first cut since September 2021 was implemented. In contrast, Canada's bank rate peaked at **** percent and began decreasing earlier, with cuts in June and July 2024. These differences highlight the nuanced approaches of central banks in managing their respective economies amid global inflationary pressures.

This table contains 39 series, with data for starting from 1991 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada); Financial market statistics (39 items: Government of Canada Treasury Bills, 1-month (composite rates); Government of Canada Treasury Bills, 2-month (composite rates); Government of Canada Treasury Bills, 3-month (composite rates);Government of Canada Treasury Bills, 6-month (composite rates); ...).

View market daily updates and historical trends for Canada Bank Rate. Source: Bank of Canada. Track economic data with YCharts analytics.

Rates have been trending downward in Canada for the last five years. The ebbs and flows are caused by changes in Canada’s bond yields (driven by Canadians economic developments and international rate movements, particularly U.S. rate fluctuations) and the overnight rate (which is set by the Bank of Canada). As of August 2022, there has been a 225 bps increase in the prime rate, since beginning of year 2022, from 2.45% to 4.70% as of Aug 24th 2022. The following are the historical conventional mortgage rates offered by the 6 major chartered banks in Canada in the past 20 years.

How can Canada’s financial system hold off inflation rate hikes?

In September 2025, global inflation rates and central bank interest rates showed significant variation across major economies. Most economies initiated interest rate cuts from mid-2024 due to declining inflationary pressures. The U.S., UK, and EU central banks followed a consistent pattern of regular rate reductions throughout late 2024. In September 2025, Russia maintained the highest interest rate at 17 percent, while Japan retained the lowest at 0.5 percent. Varied inflation rates across major economies The inflation landscape varies considerably among major economies. China had the lowest inflation rate at -0.3 percent in September 2025. In contrast, Russia maintained a high inflation rate of 8 percent. These figures align with broader trends observed in early 2025, where China had the lowest inflation rate among major developed and emerging economies, while Russia's rate remained the highest. Central bank responses and economic indicators Central banks globally implemented aggressive rate hikes throughout 2022-23 to combat inflation. The European Central Bank exemplified this trend, raising rates from 0 percent in January 2022 to 4.5 percent by September 2023. A coordinated shift among major central banks began in mid-2024, with the ECB, Bank of England, and Federal Reserve initiating rate cuts, with forecasts suggesting further cuts through 2025 and 2026.

Evaluate Canada’s best mortgage rates in one place. RATESDOTCA’s Rate Matrix lets you compare pricing for all key mortgage types and terms. Rates are based on an average mortgage of $300,000

In light of the Bank of Canada’s six interest rate hikes this year, homeowners with a mortgage loan should brace themselves for higher rates at renewal over the next five years. And according to a recent Leger survey conducted on behalf of RATESDOTCA and BNN Bloomberg, 53% of homeowners are already feeling concerned about an increase in payments when their mortgages come up for renewal. While 52% of homeowners have a plan in place to meet those increased payments, half don’t consider shopping the market as part of that plan. In fact, 51% say they don’t plan to change lenders upon renewal, and 9% said they weren’t even aware that switching lenders was possible.https://static.rates.ca/images/BNN_x_RATESDOTCA_Concern_over_mortgage_renewal.width-800.png" width="800">

Mortgage interest rates worldwide varied greatly in June 2025, from less than ******percent in many European countries to as high as ***percent in Turkey. The average mortgage rate in a country depends on the central bank's base lending rate and macroeconomic indicators such as inflation and forecast economic growth. Since 2022, inflationary pressures have led to rapid increases in mortgage interest rates. Which are the leading mortgage markets? An easy way to estimate the importance of the mortgage sector in each country is by comparing household debt depth, or the ratio of the debt held by households compared to the county's GDP. In 2024, Switzerland, Australia, and Canada had some of the highest household debt to GDP ratios worldwide. While this indicator shows the size of the sector relative to the country’s economy, the value of mortgages outstanding allows to compare the market size in different countries. In Europe, for instance, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France were the largest mortgage markets by outstanding mortgage lending. Mortgage lending trends in the U.S. In the United States, new mortgage lending soared in 2021. This was largely due to the growth of new refinance loans that allow homeowners to renegotiate their mortgage terms and replace their existing loan with a more favorable one. Following the rise in interest rates, the mortgage market cooled, and refinance loans declined.

Discover the booming Canadian home lending market! Our in-depth analysis reveals key trends, drivers, and challenges affecting fixed-rate loans, HELOCs, and online/offline lending from 2025-2033. Learn about top lenders like Bank of Montreal and Tangerine, and understand the market's growth potential. Recent developments include: On March 15, 2022, First Ontario Credit Union announced its merger with Heritage savings & Credit union to offer the best in financial products and services., On February 09, 2022, Hello safe announced a new partnership with Hard bacon, a personal finance application used by more than 35,000 Canadians, this partnership is to leverage Hard bacon's portfolio of comparison tools.. Notable trends are: A Rise in Home Prices Boosting Home Equity Lending Market.

The yield on Canada 10Y Bond Yield eased to 3.25% on December 2, 2025, marking a 0.01 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.09 points and is 0.13 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Canada 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

The Canadian housing market, particularly in major urban centers, has experienced a prolonged period of rapid price appreciation, driven by factors such as low interest rates, strong population growth, and limited supply. According to the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), the national average house price rose by more than 50% between 2020 and 2022, with prices in some major cities, such as Toronto and Vancouver, increasing by even more. This rapid price growth has made it increasingly difficult for many Canadians to afford a home, especially in the country's most desirable markets. However, the Canadian housing market is starting to show signs of cooling in 2023, as rising interest rates and stricter mortgage lending rules from the government begin to take effect. The CMHC predicts that the national average house price will decline by 7.6% in 2023, with prices in some markets, such as Toronto and Vancouver, expected to fall by even more. This cooling is expected to continue in 2024, with the CMHC predicting a further decline in the national average house price of 3.2%. The long-term outlook for the Canadian housing market is more uncertain, but the CMHC expects that prices will continue to rise, albeit at a more moderate pace. The Canadian housing market is one of the most expensive in the world, with prices in major cities like Toronto and Vancouver soaring to record highs in recent years. This has led to a growing concern about affordability, as many Canadians are being priced out of the market. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing Adoption of Remote and Hybrid Work Model. Potential restraints include: Lack of Privacy. Notable trends are: Pandemic Accelerated Luxury Home Sales in Major Canadian Markets.

Key information about Canada Real Effective Exchange Rate

• Canada Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER: 2005=100: Month Avg: Canada) was 87.7 in Sep 2025, compared with the number of 88.3 in the previous month.
• Canada Real Effective Exchange Rate data is updated monthly and averaged 116.5 from Jan 1999 to Sep 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 116.5 in Oct 2007 and a record low of 80.5 in Nov 2001.

CEIC generates Real Effective Exchange Rate Index with base 2005=100. The Bank of Canada provides Real Effective Exchange Rate Index with base 1999=100. CPI is used as a deflator. An increase in REER indicates reduced competitiveness for the reporting economy.


Related information about Canada Real Effective Exchange Rate

• In the latest reports, Canada Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: Treasury Bills Yield: 3 Months was reported at 2.2 % pa in Nov 2025.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Overnight Target Rate) was set at 2.3 % pa in Nov 2025.
• Canada Exchange Rate against USD averaged 1.4 (USD/CAD) in Oct 2025.

We examine the relationship between concentration and price dispersion using variation induced by a merger in the Canadian mortgage market. Since interest rates are determined through a search and negotiation process, consolidation weakens consumers' bargaining positions. We use reduced-form techniques to estimate the mergers' distributional impact, and show that competition benefits only consumers at the bottom and middle of the transaction price distribution, and that mergers reduce the dispersion of prices. We illustrate that these effects can be explained by the presence of search frictions, and that the average effect of mergers on rates underestimates the increase in market power.

Inflation Rate in Canada decreased to 2.20 percent in October from 2.40 percent in September of 2025. This dataset provides - Canada Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The North American mortgage/loan broker market, encompassing the United States and Canada, exhibits robust growth potential. Driven by factors such as increasing homeownership aspirations, fluctuating interest rates stimulating refinancing activity, and the rising complexity of mortgage products requiring expert guidance, the market is projected to maintain a healthy Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.00% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is further fueled by the expanding segments within the market. The enterprise segment, particularly the medium and large-sized businesses, demonstrates strong demand for efficient loan processing solutions offered by brokers. Within applications, home loans continue to be a major driver, followed by growing demand for commercial and industrial loans, reflecting an active construction and business investment landscape. The increasing number of individuals and businesses seeking financial assistance contributes to market expansion, with geographical variations existing between the United States and Canada, reflective of their distinct economic climates and real estate markets. The presence of established players like PennyMac, Home Point, and JP Morgan Chase, alongside numerous regional and independent brokers, indicates a competitive yet dynamic market landscape. However, the market faces certain restraints. Economic downturns, stricter lending regulations, and technological disruptions impacting traditional broker models pose challenges to sustained growth. Nevertheless, the adaptation of innovative technologies, such as online platforms and AI-powered tools, by brokers is expected to mitigate these challenges. The segment comprising loans to governments, while presently smaller, presents a potential avenue for expansion, especially considering infrastructure development projects and government initiatives. Effective segmentation strategies, focusing on specific customer needs and leveraging advanced technologies, are crucial for brokers to gain a competitive edge and capitalize on market opportunities in the years to come. The overall outlook remains positive, with significant growth prospects for well-positioned players in the coming decade. Recent developments include: In November 2022, To expand the use of eNotes across 250 locations in 49 states, Primary Residential Mortgage Inc. (PRMI) employed the eVault and digital closing platform from Snapdocs., In August 2022, Due to the slowdown in home sales caused by rising interest rates, the two biggest mortgage lenders in the US are increasing pressure on their smaller rivals by providing discounts and other incentives. The two biggest mortgage originators in the US, Rocket Mortgage and United Wholesale Mortgage, respectively, are pursuing aggressive strategies at a time when many lenders are leaving the market or going out of business.. Notable trends are: Increase in Digitization in Lending and Blockchain Technology is driving the market.

Canada’s personal loan market will exceed USD 9.72 billion by 2030, supported by fintech growth, competitive interest rates, and rising loan accessibility.

The Canadian credit card market, valued at $574.36 million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, fueled by a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.34% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven by several key factors. Increasing digitalization and the widespread adoption of e-commerce are significantly boosting transaction volumes. Furthermore, the rising popularity of reward programs and cashback offers incentivize credit card usage among consumers. The growing prevalence of buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) schemes, while technically distinct, indirectly fuels credit card market growth by normalizing credit usage and fostering a more financially inclusive environment. However, the market faces some constraints, including increasing regulatory scrutiny on credit card interest rates and fees, and potential economic downturns that could impact consumer spending. The market is segmented by card type (general purpose, specialty), application (food, healthcare, travel etc.), and provider (Visa, Mastercard, others). Major players like Canadian Tire Corporation, Triangle Rewards, CIBC, Royal Bank of Canada, Scotiabank, TD Bank, and others compete intensely, often through innovative reward programs and partnerships. The market's future depends on successfully navigating evolving consumer preferences, technological advancements, and the regulatory landscape. The competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of large national banks and specialized providers. Banks leverage their extensive branch networks and established customer bases to offer a broad range of credit cards, often integrated with their other financial products. Specialty providers, on the other hand, focus on niche markets, offering cards with tailored benefits and rewards programs. The strategic partnerships between financial institutions and retailers (e.g., the Costco Mastercard, Air Canada partnerships) are crucial in driving customer acquisition and loyalty. Future growth will likely be influenced by the introduction of new technologies like embedded finance and further integration of credit cards into digital wallets. Maintaining a balance between profitability and consumer protection will be a key challenge for all market participants in the years ahead. Recent developments include: March 2024: HSBC Holdings successfully concluded the sale of its Canadian unit, HSBC Bank Canada, to Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) for a total transaction value of CAD 13.5 billion (equivalent to USD 9.96 billion)., January 2023: Desjardins Group, North America's largest financial cooperative, announced its intention to shift its credit card processing operations to Finserv Inc. Finserv, a prominent global player in payments and financial services technology, will consolidate Desjardins' management of various card portfolios, including consumer, commercial, prepaid, and business lines of credit, onto a unified platform. This move is expected to generate synergies, enabling Desjardins to introduce enhanced offerings for both its consumer members and business clients.. Key drivers for this market are: Usage of Credit Card and Bonus and Reward Points Associated, Easy Re-payment Option such as EMI. Potential restraints include: Usage of Credit Card and Bonus and Reward Points Associated, Easy Re-payment Option such as EMI. Notable trends are: Offers and Discounts are Steadily Increasing the Usage of Credit Cards.