In the United States, interest rates for all mortgage types started to increase in 2021. This was due to the Federal Reserve introducing a series of hikes in the federal funds rate to contain the rising inflation. In the fourth quarter of 2024, the 30-year fixed rate rose slightly, to **** percent. Despite the increase, the rate remained below the peak of **** percent in the same quarter a year ago. Why have U.S. home sales decreased? Cheaper mortgages normally encourage consumers to buy homes, while higher borrowing costs have the opposite effect. As interest rates increased in 2022, the number of existing homes sold plummeted. Soaring house prices over the past 10 years have further affected housing affordability. Between 2013 and 2023, the median price of an existing single-family home risen by about ** percent. On the other hand, the median weekly earnings have risen much slower. Comparing mortgage terms and rates Between 2008 and 2023, the average rate on a 15-year fixed-rate mortgage in the United States stood between **** and **** percent. Over the same period, a 30-year mortgage term averaged a fixed-rate of between **** and **** percent. Rates on 15-year loan terms are lower to encourage a quicker repayment, which helps to improve a homeowner’s equity.

Mortgage interest rates worldwide varied greatly in 2024, from less than **** percent in many European countries, to as high as ** percent in Turkey. The average mortgage rate in a country depends on the central bank's base lending rate and macroeconomic indicators such as inflation and forecast economic growth. Since 2022, inflationary pressures have led to rapid increase in mortgage interest rates. Which are the leading mortgage markets? An easy way to estimate the importance of the mortgage sector in each country is by comparing household debt depth, or the ratio of the debt held by households compared to the county's GDP. In 2023, Switzerland, Australia, and Canada had some of the highest household debt to GDP ratios worldwide. While this indicator shows the size of the sector relative to the country’s economy, the value of mortgages outstanding allows to compare the market size in different countries. In Europe, for instance, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France were the largest mortgage markets by outstanding mortgage lending. Mortgage lending trends in the U.S. In the United States, new mortgage lending soared in 2021. This was largely due to the growth of new refinance loans that allow homeowners to renegotiate their mortgage terms and replace their existing loan with a more favorable one. Following the rise in interest rates, the mortgage market cooled, and refinance loans declined.

The mortgage interest rate in Sweden rose dramatically in 2022, following a long period of mortgages maintaining rates below two percent. In the fourth quarter of 2024, the average weighted interest rate stood at **** percent, more than two percentage points above the rate in the fourth quarter of 2021. In Europe, Sweden's mortgage interest rate ranked alongside Germany and Portugal.  Homeownership in Sweden  The homeownership rate in Sweden did not vary significantly over the period from 2008 to 2019. It peaked in 2010 and slightly fluctuated the following years. The rate was lowest in 2019, amounting to roughly **** percent. Profile of the European homeowner  Swedes, Germans, Austrians, Turks, and Danes are the European citizens for who homeownership was the least common. Romania was the country with the highest homeownership rate among selected European countries in 2021, followed by Slovakia. Both countries had a rate higher than ** percent. In general, it seemed to be more common to own a home in Eastern European countries than in the Western part of the continent.

The US home loan market, a cornerstone of the American economy, is experiencing robust growth, projected to maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 18% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key drivers. Low interest rates, particularly in the early part of the forecast period, have historically stimulated borrowing, making homeownership more accessible. A growing population, coupled with increasing urbanization and a persistent demand for housing in key metropolitan areas, further fuels this market's expansion. Government initiatives aimed at supporting homeownership, such as tax incentives and affordable housing programs, also play a significant role. The market is segmented by loan type (purchase, refinance, improvement), source (banks, HFCs), interest rate (fixed, floating), and loan tenure. While refinancing activity might fluctuate based on prevailing interest rates, the underlying demand for home purchases remains strong, particularly in regions with robust job markets and population growth. Competition among lenders, including major players like Rocket Mortgage, LoanDepot, and Wells Fargo, alongside regional and smaller banks, is fierce, resulting in innovative loan products and competitive pricing. However, the market is not without its challenges. Rising inflation and potential interest rate hikes pose a significant risk, potentially dampening demand and increasing borrowing costs. Stringent lending regulations and increased scrutiny of creditworthiness could restrict access to loans for some borrowers. Furthermore, fluctuations in the housing market itself, including supply chain disruptions impacting construction and material costs, can influence the overall growth trajectory. Despite these headwinds, the long-term outlook for the US home loan market remains positive, driven by the fundamental need for housing and ongoing economic expansion in select regions. The diverse segmentation of the market allows for a nuanced understanding of the specific growth drivers and challenges within each segment. For instance, the home improvement loan segment is expected to see strong growth driven by homeowners' increasing desire to upgrade their existing properties. Recent developments include: June 2023: Bank of America Corp has been adding consumer branches in four new U.S. states, it said on Tuesday, bringing its national footprint closer to rival JPMorgan Chase & Co. Bank of America will likely open new financial centers in Nebraska, Wisconsin, Alabama, and Louisiana as part of a four-year expansion across nine markets, including Louisville, Milwaukee, and New Orleans., July 2022: Rocket Mortgage entered the Canadian Market with the acquisition. The company expanded from offering home loans in Ontario at launch to now providing mortgages in every province, primarily from its headquarters in downtown Windsor. The Edison Financial team grew along with the company, starting with just four team members in early 2020 to more than 140 at present.. Key drivers for this market are: Increase in digitization in mortgage lending market, Increase in innovations in software designs to speed up the mortgage-application process. Potential restraints include: Increase in digitization in mortgage lending market, Increase in innovations in software designs to speed up the mortgage-application process. Notable trends are: Growth in Nonbank Lenders is Expected to Drive the Market.

Mortgage rates increased at a record pace in 2022, with the 10-year fixed mortgage rate doubling between March 2022 and December 2022. With inflation increasing, the Bank of England introduced several bank rate hikes, resulting in higher mortgage rates. In May 2025, the average 10-year fixed rate interest rate reached **** percent. As borrowing costs get higher, demand for housing is expected to decrease, leading to declining market sentiment and slower house price growth. How have the mortgage hikes affected the market? After surging in 2021, the number of residential properties sold declined in 2023, reaching just above *** million. Despite the number of transactions falling, this figure was higher than the period before the COVID-19 pandemic. The falling transaction volume also impacted mortgage borrowing. Between the first quarter of 2023 and the first quarter of 2024, the value of new mortgage loans fell year-on-year for five straight quarters in a row. How are higher mortgages affecting homebuyers? Homeowners with a mortgage loan usually lock in a fixed rate deal for two to ten years, meaning that after this period runs out, they need to renegotiate the terms of the loan. Many of the mortgages outstanding were taken out during the period of record-low mortgage rates and have since faced notable increases in their monthly repayment. About **** million homeowners are projected to see their deal expire by the end of 2026. About *** million of these loans are projected to experience a monthly payment increase of up to *** British pounds by 2026.

The home equity loan market, valued at $30.74 billion in 2025, is projected to experience steady growth, driven by several key factors. Rising home values in many regions are providing homeowners with increased equity, making them eligible for larger loan amounts. Low interest rates, while fluctuating, historically contribute to increased borrowing. Furthermore, the increasing preference for home renovations and improvements fuels demand for home equity loans, as homeowners utilize this accessible source of funding for projects ranging from kitchen upgrades to energy-efficient replacements. The market is segmented by loan type (fixed-rate loans and home equity lines of credit – HELOCs) and service providers (banks, online lenders, credit unions, and others). Banks and credit unions traditionally dominate the market, but online lenders are gaining traction due to their ease of access and streamlined application processes. Competition among these providers is intensifying, leading to innovation in product offerings and customer service. While economic downturns could potentially restrain growth, the long-term outlook remains positive, fueled by ongoing demand for home improvements and refinancing opportunities. The geographic distribution of the market is extensive, with significant presence across North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific. The continued expansion of the home equity loan market is anticipated to be influenced by several dynamic factors. Government regulations and policies concerning lending practices will continue to shape the landscape. Technological advancements such as online platforms and sophisticated risk assessment tools will likely enhance efficiency and accessibility. Furthermore, evolving consumer preferences and financial literacy levels will play a significant role in determining demand for specific loan products. Geographic variations in housing markets, interest rates, and regulatory environments will lead to differential growth rates across different regions. The competitive landscape, marked by a diverse range of established and emerging players, suggests a dynamic market susceptible to shifts in market share based on product innovation, customer service, and strategic partnerships. Recent developments include: In April 2022, Redfin a real estate company based in Seattle (United States) acquired Bay Equity Home Loans with a sum of USD 137.8 Million. The merger accelerates Redfin’s strategy for expanding its business with customers to buy, sell, rent, and finance a home., In July 2022, Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan Board acquired HomeQ which exists as a parent company of HomeEquity Bank, from Birch Hill Equity Partners Management Inc. HomeEquity Bank exist as a Canadian Bank offering a range of reverse mortgage solutions product and Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan Board is a global investor.. Key drivers for this market are: Increase In Sales of Household Units, Higher Duration of Repayment. Potential restraints include: Increase In Sales of Household Units, Higher Duration of Repayment. Notable trends are: Access to Large Amount of Loan.

The North America mortgage/loan brokers market is poised for steady growth, with a market size of XX million and a CAGR of 5.00% during the forecast period of 2025-2033. The market is driven by rising homeownership rates, increasing mortgage interest rates, and growing demand for refinancing. Additionally, the emergence of fintech companies offering innovative mortgage products and services is further propelling market growth. Key market trends include the increasing use of technology to improve the mortgage process, the growing popularity of jumbo loans, and the rising demand for reverse mortgages. However, the market is also subject to certain restraints, such as regulatory changes and economic downturns. Major players in the market include Penny Mac, Home Point, Caliber Home Loans, and Fairway Independent Corporation. The United States is the largest market for mortgage/loan brokers in North America, followed by Canada. Recent developments include: In November 2022, To expand the use of eNotes across 250 locations in 49 states, Primary Residential Mortgage Inc. (PRMI) employed the eVault and digital closing platform from Snapdocs., In August 2022, Due to the slowdown in home sales caused by rising interest rates, the two biggest mortgage lenders in the US are increasing pressure on their smaller rivals by providing discounts and other incentives. The two biggest mortgage originators in the US, Rocket Mortgage and United Wholesale Mortgage, respectively, are pursuing aggressive strategies at a time when many lenders are leaving the market or going out of business.. Notable trends are: Increase in Digitization in Lending and Blockchain Technology is driving the market.

Mortgage interest rates in Spain soared in 2022, after falling below 1.5 percent at the end of 2021. In the second quarter of 2024, the average weighted interest rate stood at 3.46 percent. That was lower than the rate in the same period the previous year. Despite the increase, Spain had a considerably lower mortgage interest rate than many other European countries.The aftermath of the property bubble Before the bursting of the real estate bubble, the housing market experienced a period of intense activity. A context marked by economic growth, high employment rate, low interest rates, skyrocketing house prices and land speculation, among others, encourage massive lending for the acquisition of property; in 2005 alone, more than 1.3 million home mortgages were granted in Spain. When the bubble burst and the financial crisis hit the country, residential real estate transactions plummeted and households’ non-performing loans jumped to nearly 50 billion euros as countless families were not able to cope with their debts. Over a decade after the onset of the crisis, and despite falling mortgage rates, the volume of mortgage loans keeps decreasing every year. A homeowner country Traditionally, Spain has been a country of homeowners; in 2021, the homeownership rate was roughly 76 percent. While nearly half of Spanish households own their property with no outstanding payment, the percentage of households that have loan or mortgage pending has been decreasing in recent years. Despite ownership remaining as the preferred tenure option, cultural changes, job insecurity and mounting house prices are prompting Spaniards to opt more and more to become tenants instead of owners, as shown in the changing dynamics of the Spanish residential rental market.

Mortgage rates in the Netherlands increased sharply in 2022 and 2023, after declining gradually between 2008 and 2021. In December 2022, the average interest rate for new mortgage loans stood at **** percent, and by the end of 2023, it had risen to **** percent. The 10-year interest rate was the lowest, at **** percent; the floating and less than one-year interest rates amounted to **** and **** percent, respectively. In early 2024, mortgage rates decreased notably. Are mortgage rates in the Netherlands different from those in other European countries? When comparing this ranking to data that covers multiple European countries, the Netherlands’ mortgage rate was similar to the rates found in Spain, the United Kingdom, and Sweden. It was, however, a lot lower than the rates in Eastern Europe. Hungary and Romania, for example, had some of the highest mortgage rates. For more information on the European mortgage market and how much the countries differ from each other, please visit this dedicated research page. How big is the mortgage market in the Netherlands? The Netherlands has overall seen an increase in the number of mortgage loans sold and is regarded as one of the countries with the highest mortgage debt in Europe. The reason behind this is that Dutch homeowners were able to for many years to deduct interest paid from pre-tax income (a system known in the Netherlands as hypotheekrenteaftrek). Total mortgage debt of Dutch households has been increasing year-on-year since 2013.

The North American mortgage/loan broker market, encompassing the United States and Canada, exhibits robust growth potential. Driven by factors such as increasing homeownership aspirations, fluctuating interest rates stimulating refinancing activity, and the rising complexity of mortgage products requiring expert guidance, the market is projected to maintain a healthy Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.00% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is further fueled by the expanding segments within the market. The enterprise segment, particularly the medium and large-sized businesses, demonstrates strong demand for efficient loan processing solutions offered by brokers. Within applications, home loans continue to be a major driver, followed by growing demand for commercial and industrial loans, reflecting an active construction and business investment landscape. The increasing number of individuals and businesses seeking financial assistance contributes to market expansion, with geographical variations existing between the United States and Canada, reflective of their distinct economic climates and real estate markets. The presence of established players like PennyMac, Home Point, and JP Morgan Chase, alongside numerous regional and independent brokers, indicates a competitive yet dynamic market landscape. However, the market faces certain restraints. Economic downturns, stricter lending regulations, and technological disruptions impacting traditional broker models pose challenges to sustained growth. Nevertheless, the adaptation of innovative technologies, such as online platforms and AI-powered tools, by brokers is expected to mitigate these challenges. The segment comprising loans to governments, while presently smaller, presents a potential avenue for expansion, especially considering infrastructure development projects and government initiatives. Effective segmentation strategies, focusing on specific customer needs and leveraging advanced technologies, are crucial for brokers to gain a competitive edge and capitalize on market opportunities in the years to come. The overall outlook remains positive, with significant growth prospects for well-positioned players in the coming decade. Recent developments include: In November 2022, To expand the use of eNotes across 250 locations in 49 states, Primary Residential Mortgage Inc. (PRMI) employed the eVault and digital closing platform from Snapdocs., In August 2022, Due to the slowdown in home sales caused by rising interest rates, the two biggest mortgage lenders in the US are increasing pressure on their smaller rivals by providing discounts and other incentives. The two biggest mortgage originators in the US, Rocket Mortgage and United Wholesale Mortgage, respectively, are pursuing aggressive strategies at a time when many lenders are leaving the market or going out of business.. Notable trends are: Increase in Digitization in Lending and Blockchain Technology is driving the market.

The Indian home mortgage finance market is experiencing robust growth, fueled by a burgeoning middle class, increasing urbanization, and supportive government policies aimed at affordable housing. With a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) exceeding 7% from 2019-2033, the market presents significant opportunities for investors and lenders. The market is segmented by source (banks and Housing Finance Companies or HFCs), interest rate type (fixed and floating), and loan tenure (ranging from less than 5 years to over 25 years). While banks hold a substantial market share, HFCs are playing an increasingly important role, particularly in catering to specific segments and underserved populations. The demand for longer-tenure loans is also growing, reflecting evolving consumer preferences and affordability considerations. Key drivers include government initiatives promoting homeownership, reduced interest rates during certain periods, and the ongoing expansion of the organized financial sector. However, challenges remain, including economic fluctuations, credit risk assessment, and potential regulatory changes that may impact lending practices. The competitive landscape involves both large established players like HDFC, LIC Housing Finance, and Indiabulls Housing Finance, as well as smaller, more niche players catering to specific geographic regions or customer demographics. The market's continued expansion is largely contingent upon sustained economic growth and the continued accessibility of credit. The forecast for the Indian home mortgage finance market indicates strong growth through 2033, driven by favorable demographics and sustained infrastructure development. The ongoing development of the digital lending space offers further opportunities for innovation and market penetration, streamlining processes and reaching a wider range of borrowers. Effective risk management strategies will be crucial for lenders navigating the evolving market dynamics. Government policies aimed at improving financial inclusion and affordable housing remain crucial for long-term growth. Analyzing market segments, such as the rising popularity of fixed-rate mortgages against the inherent volatility of floating-rate mortgages, offers valuable insight into changing consumer behavior and lender strategies. The strategic focus on various tenure options (5 years, 6-10 years, 11-24 years, 25-30 years) showcases the diverse needs and financial planning horizons of Indian homebuyers. Overall, the Indian home mortgage market is poised for considerable expansion, provided economic conditions remain stable and government support continues. Recent developments include: November 2022: Tata Capital Housing Finance, a Tata Capital subsidiary, intends to push into the home loan market significantly. To do so, it is looking for the capital of INR 3,000 crore from the National Housing Bank and intends to raise INR 1,000 crore through bonds. Both retail and real estate developers are expected to be eligible for financing from the organization., October 2022: Private sector lender HDFC Bank will complete its planned merger with Housing Development Finance Corp. Ltd by the first quarter of FY24 instead of the original target of the third quarter.. Notable trends are: Availability of Affordable Housing in India is Driving the Market Growth.

The Brazilian home loan market exhibits robust growth potential, projected to reach a substantial size by 2033. The market's 11.20% CAGR from 2019-2024 signifies strong investor confidence and sustained demand. Key drivers include a growing middle class with increasing disposable incomes, government initiatives aimed at boosting homeownership, and a gradual improvement in the overall economic climate. While rising interest rates present a potential restraint, the diverse range of lenders—including major banks like Itaú Unibanco, Banco Bradesco, and Caixa Econômica Federal, along with fintech disruptors like Nubank and Creditas—contributes to market dynamism and accessibility. The market is segmented by lender type (banks, housing finance companies), interest rate type (fixed, floating), and loan tenure (categorized into specific year ranges). The substantial number of players underscores the competitiveness and evolving landscape, offering various loan options catering to different customer profiles and risk tolerances. The continued expansion of digital lending platforms enhances accessibility and efficiency, shaping the future trajectory of the market. The forecast period (2025-2033) anticipates continued expansion, driven by sustained economic growth and further penetration of digital lending technologies. However, macroeconomic factors like inflation and potential shifts in government policies will influence the market's growth trajectory. The segmentation by loan tenure suggests a significant proportion of loans are likely long-term, reflecting the long-term commitment associated with homeownership. The competition among established players and fintech entrants will likely drive innovation in product offerings and customer service, benefiting borrowers through more competitive rates and flexible loan terms. Analyzing regional variations within Brazil could further refine the market understanding and identify opportunities for targeted investments. The ongoing expansion of the middle class, combined with supportive government policies, positions the Brazilian home loan market for continued substantial growth over the forecast period. This report provides a detailed analysis of the Brazil home loan market, covering the period 2019-2033. It delves into market size, segmentation, growth drivers, challenges, and key players, offering invaluable insights for investors, lenders, and industry stakeholders. With a base year of 2025 and an estimated year of 2025, the forecast period spans from 2025 to 2033, building upon historical data from 2019-2024. The report also examines the impact of recent mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity, regulatory changes, and emerging trends shaping the future of Brazilian mortgages. Expect in-depth analysis of mortgage rates, loan tenures, and the role of banks and housing finance companies (HFCs). This report is crucial for understanding the dynamic landscape of the Brazilian real estate financing sector. Recent developments include: August 2022: Brazilian lender Banco Bradesco SA subsidiary Bradescard has agreed to acquire Mexico's Ictineo Plataforma SA in a bid to offer digital accounts in Latin America's second-largest economy. Bradesco said the acquisition will allow the bank to enter the banking retail area, offering digital accounts, payroll loans, and investment accounts., April 2022: Brazilian banking group Itaú Unibanco has acquired a 12.82% stake in Rede Agro Fidelidade e Intermediação S.A. (Orbia) to expand its operations. The deal is aimed at expanding Itaú Unibanco's footprint by giving it access to Orbia's customer base and allowing the bank to offer them easy access to credit.. Key drivers for this market are: Economic Growth, Increased Mortgage Options. Potential restraints include: Economic Growth, Increased Mortgage Options. Notable trends are: Increase in High End Property Sales.

In light of the Bank of Canada’s six interest rate hikes this year, homeowners with a mortgage loan should brace themselves for higher rates at renewal over the next five years. And according to a recent Leger survey conducted on behalf of RATESDOTCA and BNN Bloomberg, 53% of homeowners are already feeling concerned about an increase in payments when their mortgages come up for renewal. While 52% of homeowners have a plan in place to meet those increased payments, half don’t consider shopping the market as part of that plan. In fact, 51% say they don’t plan to change lenders upon renewal, and 9% said they weren’t even aware that switching lenders was possible.https://static.rates.ca/images/BNN_x_RATESDOTCA_Concern_over_mortgage_renewal.width-800.png" width="800">

The Brazilian home loan market, valued at approximately $XX million in 2025 (assuming a logical extrapolation based on the provided CAGR of 11.20% and a 2019-2024 historical period), exhibits robust growth potential, projected to expand significantly over the forecast period (2025-2033). This expansion is fueled by several key drivers. A rising middle class with increasing disposable incomes is a primary factor, coupled with government initiatives aimed at boosting homeownership. Favorable interest rates, particularly in the fixed-rate segment, further stimulate market demand. Furthermore, the emergence of fintech lenders like Nubank and Creditas is disrupting traditional lending practices, broadening access to credit and fostering greater competition. However, macroeconomic factors such as inflation and fluctuating interest rates pose potential restraints. The market is segmented by source (banks and housing finance companies), interest rate type (fixed and floating), and loan tenure (various brackets), allowing for nuanced market analysis and tailored product offerings. The dominance of established players like Itaú Unibanco, Santander, and Banco do Brasil is notable, although the increasing penetration of fintech companies suggests a changing competitive landscape. The segment analysis reveals a diverse market. While banks traditionally dominate, the growing presence of HFCs and fintechs indicates evolving consumer preferences and innovative financial products. Fixed-rate loans remain popular due to their predictable repayments, although floating-rate options are attractive to those willing to take on more risk for potentially lower initial costs. Longer tenure loans (11-24 years and 25-30 years) represent a significant portion of the market, reflecting the long-term nature of housing investment in Brazil. Geographical variations in demand likely exist across Brazil, influenced by factors such as income levels, property prices, and regional development initiatives. Further research into regional data could provide valuable insights for targeted marketing and investment strategies. The forecast period promises continued growth, though maintaining sustainable expansion requires careful attention to macroeconomic conditions and evolving consumer needs. Recent developments include: August 2022: Brazilian lender Banco Bradesco SA subsidiary Bradescard has agreed to acquire Mexico's Ictineo Plataforma SA in a bid to offer digital accounts in Latin America's second-largest economy. Bradesco said the acquisition will allow the bank to enter the banking retail area, offering digital accounts, payroll loans, and investment accounts., April 2022: Brazilian banking group Itaú Unibanco has acquired a 12.82% stake in Rede Agro Fidelidade e Intermediação S.A. (Orbia) to expand its operations. The deal is aimed at expanding Itaú Unibanco's footprint by giving it access to Orbia's customer base and allowing the bank to offer them easy access to credit.. Key drivers for this market are: Economic Growth, Increased Mortgage Options. Potential restraints include: Economic Growth, Increased Mortgage Options. Notable trends are: Increase in High End Property Sales.

The Home Equity Loan market is projected to reach a market size of 30.74 million by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 3.50% over the forecast period 2025-2033. The United States, Canada, and Mexico are the major markets in North America. China, India, Japan, South Korea, ASEAN, Oceania, and the Rest of Asia Pacific form the Asia Pacific region. The factors driving market growth include the increasing popularity of debt consolidation, home improvements, and the need for additional capital. The growth in the home equity loan market is attributed to the low interest rates and the increasing number of homeowners. The availability of home equity loans at competitive interest rates makes them an attractive option for borrowers. However, the market is restrained by factors such as the high risk associated with home equity loans and strict eligibility criteria. The market is segmented by types, service providers, and regions. The types of home equity loans include fixed-rate loans and home equity lines of credit. The service providers include banks, online lenders, credit unions, and others. The regions include North America, South America, Europe, Middle East & Africa, and Asia Pacific. North America is expected to continue to dominate the market, followed by Asia Pacific and Europe. The increasing demand for home equity loans in these regions is expected to drive the growth of the Home Equity Loan market. Recent developments include: In April 2022, Redfin a real estate company based in Seattle (United States) acquired Bay Equity Home Loans with a sum of USD 137.8 Million. The merger accelerates Redfin’s strategy for expanding its business with customers to buy, sell, rent, and finance a home., In July 2022, Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan Board acquired HomeQ which exists as a parent company of HomeEquity Bank, from Birch Hill Equity Partners Management Inc. HomeEquity Bank exist as a Canadian Bank offering a range of reverse mortgage solutions product and Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan Board is a global investor.. Key drivers for this market are: Increase In Sales of Household Units, Higher Duration of Repayment. Potential restraints include: Increase In Sales of Household Units, Higher Duration of Repayment. Notable trends are: Access to Large Amount of Loan.

The Global Direct General Insurance Carriers industry has faced challenges over the past five years, with issues such as a soft insurance market, low interest rates at the onset of the period and numerous catastrophes affecting all operators in major markets. However, the rapid growth of emerging markets has slightly offset stagnating mature markets. An expanding middle class in countries like China has increased demand for insurance, limiting declines in industry revenue. Therefore, global direct general insurance carrier revenue is expected to lag at a CAGR of 1.1% to $2.9 trillion over the five years to 2024, including an expected decline of 0.6% in 2024 alone. The growing wealth of emerging economies has fueled the industry. Despite rising demand in emerging markets, operators have faced difficulties with renewals in developed markets because competitive rate pricing and perfectly tailored products are crucial to success. The industry's investment earnings have benefitted from global economic growth in the years leading up to 2024. The difficult economic period during 2020 was offset by a massive influx of homeowners in key countries like the United States and Canada. This influx led to unprecedented demand for insurance of homes, condos and apartments, offsetting decreasing demand from the commercial side. Global direct general insurance carrier revenue is expected to grow at a CAGR of 3.0% to $3.3 trillion over the five years to 2029. Higher-income levels are likely to prompt more consumer purchases of normally insured goods such as cars and homes, thus leading to increased demand for the industry's services. Large established operators are expected to focus on cross-selling life and health policies to existing clients in response to this shift. However, it's likely that regulations will increase, which may somewhat limit profit growth. An issue has emerged, however; in 2022, powerful central banks across wealthy economies began raising interest rates to combat inflation. Although central banks are currently seeking to gradually decline interest rates, which may potentially lead to increased demand for related insurance over the next five years.

Mortgage lenders are dealing with the RBA's shift to a tighter monetary policy, as it fights heavy inflation. Since May 2022, the RBA has raised the benchmark cash rate, which flows to interest rates on home loans. This represents a complete reversal of the prevailing approach to monetary policy taken in recent years. Over the course of the pandemic, subdued interest rates, in conjunction with government incentives and relaxed interest rate buffers, encouraged strong mortgage uptake. With the RBA's policy reversal, authorised deposit-taking institutions will need to balance their interest rate spreads to ensure steady profit. A stronger cash rate means more interest income from existing home loans, but also steeper funding costs. Moreover, increasing loan rates mean that prospective homeowners are being cut out of the market, which will slow demand for new home loans. Overall, industry revenue is expected to rise at an annualised 0.4% over the past five years, including an estimated 2.2% jump in 2023-24, to reach $103.4 billion. APRA's regulatory controls were updated in January 2023, with new capital adequacy ratios coming into effect. The major banks have had to tighten up their capital buffers to protect against financial instability. Although the ‘big four’ banks control most home loans, other lenders have emerged to foster competition for new loanees. Technological advances have made online-only mortgage lending viable. However, lenders that don't take deposits are more reliant on wholesale funding markets, which will be stretched under a higher cash rate. Looking ahead, technology spending isn't slowing down, as consumers continue to expect secure and user-friendly online financial services. This investment is even more pressing, given the ongoing threat of cyber-attacks. Industry revenue is projected to inch upwards at an annualised 0.8% over the five years through 2028-29, to $107.7 billion.

Revenue is forecast to dip at a compound annual rate of 1.3% over the five years through 2024-25 to £33 billion. Revenue plummeted in 2020-21 as the pandemic dampened property management activity. Property managers enjoyed a sharp recovery in revenue during 2021-22, aided by soaring house prices amid low interest rates. In 2022-23, rent prices skyrocketed as landlords contended with rising interest rates and tax hikes. Competition for housing remained fierce in 2023-24, pushing up rental prices and supporting revenue for property managers. Despite this, revenue slipped overall as non-residential property transactions climbed, with new owners choosing to manage the properties themselves or refurbish or repurpose the property before leasing it out again. Revenue looks set to climb by 2.5% over 2024-25 as rents remain high. Build-to-rent sector growth has proved fruitful for property management companies. According to Knight Frank, in January 2025, more than 22,300 BTR homes were completed in 2024, marking a year of record delivery for the BTR sector. Revenue from the commercial sector is likely to grow, as companies may decide now’s a good time to upgrade their offices thanks to falling interest rates in 2024-25, lifting profit. Over the five years through 2029-30, property management services revenue is slated to swell at a compound annual rate of 2.4% to reach £37.1 billion. The rental market will continue gaining momentum amid upcoming regulatory changes, ramping up costs for landlords and driving commission fee income. House prices look set to remain high, at least in the short term, keeping some prospective homeowners in the rental market. Business confidence will remain somewhat constrained, though Capital Economics forecasts the base rate to fall to 3.5% by early 2026, which should boost investment volumes, increasing demand for property management services. The government's goal to construct 1.5 million homes by 2029 will benefit the industry. Approximately £3 billion of the £5 billion housing budget is earmarked for additional guarantees to SME house builders and build-to-rent developers, indicating ongoing government backing for the private sector. This support for housebuilding initiatives is set to broaden the client base available to property management companies, fostering revenue growth.

In 2022, about ** trillion South Korean won in bogeumjari loans (mortgages) with a term of 30 years were issued in South Korea. The largest lender in terms of loan amount that year was Hana Bank, followed by Kookmin Bank.

Mortgage loans in South Korea Many prospective first-time homeowners took out bogeumjari loans due to their fixed and favorable rates. Other large banks in the country providing such loans include Shinhan Bank, Woori Bank, and NH Nonghyup Bank. Throughout the second quarter of 2023, the combined value of mortgage loans offered by the largest banks in South Korea continued to increase.

Rising household debt However, there are concerns about worsening household debt as loans are issued with higher interest rates. Interest rates for mortgage loans rose between 2021 and 2023 following the central bank base rate increases. Unsurprisingly, the national household loan delinquency rate has increased within the past year. As rising inflation and interest rates typically negatively impact household spending habits, the amount of loans provided is expected to slow.

Revenue for apartment lessors has expanded through the end of 2025. Apartment lessors collect rental income from rental properties, where market forces largely determine their rates. The supply of apartment rentals has grown slower than demand, which has elevated rental rates for lessors' benefit. As the Federal Reserve hiked interest rates 11 times between March 2022 and January 2024, homeownership was pushed beyond the reach of many, resulting in a tighter supply and increased demand for rental properties. Despite three interest rate cuts in 2024, mortgage rates have remained high, further encouraging consumers to rent. Revenue has climbed at a CAGR of 2.9% over the past five years and is expected to reach $299.7 billion by the end of 2025. This includes an anticipated 3.0% gain in 2025 alone. The increasing unaffordability of housing is caused by the steady climb of mortgage rates and high prices maintained by a low supply. Supply has been held down as buyers who locked in low rates stay put, and investment groups hold a strategic number of their properties empty as investments. Industry profit has remained elevated because of solid demand for apartment rentals. Through the end of 2030, the apartment rental industry's future performance is likely to be shaped by varying factors. The apartment supply in the US, which hit a record in 2024, is expected to taper off, which will, in turn, push rental prices and occupancy rates up to the lessors' benefit. Other factors, such as further interest rate cuts, decreasing financial barriers to homeownership, and a high rate of urbanization, will also significantly impact the industry. Wth approximately 80.7% of the US population living in urban areas, demand for apartment rentals will strengthen, although rising rental prices could force potential renters to cheaper suburbs. Demand will continue to outpace supply growth, prompting a climb in revenue. Revenue is expected to swell at a CAGR of 2.8% over the next five years, reaching an estimated $344.3 billion in 2030.