Shows the daily level of the federal funds rate back to 1954. The fed funds rate is the interest rate at which depository institutions (banks and credit unions) lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight, on an uncollateralized basis. The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meets eight times a year to determine the federal funds target rate.

Interest Rates, Discount Rate for United States was 0.25000 % per Annum in August of 2021, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Interest Rates, Discount Rate for United States reached a record high of 14.00000 in June of 1981 and a record low of 0.25000 in March of 2020. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Interest Rates, Discount Rate for United States - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

United States US: Lending Interest Rate data was reported at 3.512 % pa in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.260 % pa for 2015. United States US: Lending Interest Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 6.922 % pa from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.870 % pa in 1981 and a record low of 3.250 % pa in 2014. United States US: Lending Interest Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Interest Rates. Lending rate is the bank rate that usually meets the short- and medium-term financing needs of the private sector. This rate is normally differentiated according to creditworthiness of borrowers and objectives of financing. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.; ;

Switzerland Interest Rate Spread data was reported at 2.857 % pa in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.861 % pa for 2015. Switzerland Interest Rate Spread data is updated yearly, averaging 2.656 % pa from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2016, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.197 % pa in 1995 and a record low of -3.190 % pa in 1981. Switzerland Interest Rate Spread data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Switzerland – Table CH.World Bank: Interest Rates. Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to private sector customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.; Median;

Deposit Interest Rate in Lesotho remained unchanged at 4.72 percent in December. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Deposit Interest Rate in Lesotho.

The Volcker Shock was a period of historically high interest rates precipitated by Federal Reserve Chairperson Paul Volcker's decision to raise the central bank's key interest rate, the Fed funds effective rate, during the first three years of his term. Volcker was appointed chairperson of the Fed in August 1979 by President Jimmy Carter, as replacement for William Miller, who Carter had made his treasury secretary. Volcker was one of the most hawkish (supportive of tighter monetary policy to stem inflation) members of the Federal Reserve's committee, and quickly set about changing the course of monetary policy in the U.S. in order to quell inflation. The Volcker Shock is remembered for bringing an end to over a decade of high inflation in the United States, prompting a deep recession and high unemployment, and for spurring on debt defaults among developing countries in Latin America who had borrowed in U.S. dollars.

Monetary tightening and the recessions of the early '80s

Beginning in October 1979, Volcker's Fed tightened monetary policy by raising interest rates. This decision had the effect of depressing demand and slowing down the U.S. economy, as credit became more expensive for households and businesses. The Fed funds rate, the key overnight rate at which banks lend their excess reserves to each other, rose as high as 17.6 percent in early 1980. The rate was allowed to fall back below 10 percent following this first peak, however, due to worries that inflation was not falling fast enough, a second cycle of monetary tightening was embarked upon starting in August of 1980. The rate would reach its all-time peak in June of 1981, at 19.1 percent. The second recession sparked by these hikes was far deeper than the 1980 recession, with unemployment peaking at 10.8 percent in December 1980, the highest level since The Great Depression. This recession would drive inflation to a low point during Volcker's terms of 2.5 percent in August 1983.

The legacy of the Volcker Shock

By the end of Volcker's terms as Fed Chair, inflation was at a manageable rate of around four percent, while unemployment had fallen under six percent, as the economy grew and business confidence returned. While supporters of Volcker's actions point to these numbers as proof of the efficacy of his actions, critics have claimed that there were less harmful ways that inflation could have been brought under control. The recessions of the early 1980s are cited as accelerating deindustrialization in the U.S., as manufacturing jobs lost in 'rust belt' states such as Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania never returned during the years of recovery. The Volcker Shock was also a driving factor behind the Latin American debt crises of the 1980s, as governments in the region defaulted on debts which they had incurred in U.S. dollars. Debates about the validity of using interest rate hikes to get inflation under control have recently re-emerged due to the inflationary pressures facing the U.S. following the Coronavirus pandemic and the Federal Reserve's subsequent decision to embark on a course of monetary tightening.

United States US: Real Interest Rate data was reported at 2.208 % pa in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.152 % pa for 2015. United States US: Real Interest Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 3.162 % pa from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2016, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.720 % pa in 1981 and a record low of -1.280 % pa in 1975. United States US: Real Interest Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Interest Rates. Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator. The terms and conditions attached to lending rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files using World Bank data on the GDP deflator.; ;

Graph and download economic data for Composite Yield on U.S. Treasury Bonds with Maturity over 10 Years (DISCONTINUED) (DLTBOARD) from 1981-07-01 to 2000-06-30 about 10 years +, composite, long-term, securities, Treasury, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

A taxa de juros de depósito em Vanuatu diminuiu para 0,40% em 2023, de 0,44% em 2022. Valores atuais, dados históricos, previsões, estatísticas, gráficos e calendário econômico - Vanuatu - Taxa de Facilidade Permanente de Depósito.

Long-term interest rate in the USA, March, 2025 The most recent value is 4.28 percent as of March 2025, a decline compared to the previous value of 4.45 percent. Historically, the average for the USA from January 1960 to March 2025 is 5.79 percent. The minimum of 0.62 percent was recorded in July 2020, while the maximum of 15.32 percent was reached in September 1981. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

United States HAI: First Time: Effect Interest Rate Plus PMI data was reported at 5.020 % in Sep 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.950 % for Jun 2018. United States HAI: First Time: Effect Interest Rate Plus PMI data is updated quarterly, averaging 7.380 % from Mar 1981 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 151 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.390 % in Dec 1981 and a record low of 3.750 % in Dec 2012. United States HAI: First Time: Effect Interest Rate Plus PMI data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Association of Realtors. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.EB019: Housing Affordability Index: First Time Buyers.

Graph and download economic data for Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 6-Month Constant Maturity, Quoted on an Investment Basis (WGS6MO) from 1981-09-04 to 2025-06-27 about 6-month, bills, maturity, Treasury, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

Business credit interest rate, percent in the USA, March, 2025 The most recent value is 7.5 percent as of March 2025, no change compared to the previous value of 7.5 percent. Historically, the average for the USA from January 1960 to March 2025 is 7.04 percent. The minimum of 3.25 percent was recorded in January 2009, while the maximum of 20.5 percent was reached in August 1981. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Long-term interest rate in the Netherlands, February, 2025 The most recent value is 2.63 percent as of February 2025, a decline compared to the previous value of 2.73 percent. Historically, the average for the Netherlands from January 1960 to February 2025 is 5.37 percent. The minimum of -0.55 percent was recorded in December 2020, while the maximum of 12.3 percent was reached in September 1981. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

H.15 Statistical Release notes (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h15/default.htm) and the Treasury Yield Curve Methodology (https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financing-the-government/interest-rate-statistics/treasury-yield-curve-methodology).

For questions on the data, please contact the data source (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/h15/%). For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/contactus/).

BI: Real Interest Rate data was reported at -0.131 % pa in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of -5.543 % pa for 2022. BI: Real Interest Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 4.875 % pa from Dec 1978 (Median) to 2023, with 44 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19.229 % pa in 1981 and a record low of -16.679 % pa in 2000. BI: Real Interest Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Burundi – Table BI.World Bank.WDI: Interest Rates. Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator. The terms and conditions attached to lending rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.;International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files using World Bank data on the GDP deflator.;;

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates: 3-Month or 90-Day Rates and Yields: Treasury Securities: Total for South Africa (IR3TTS01ZAA156N) from 1981 to 2023 about South Africa, 3-month, securities, Treasury, yield, interest rate, interest, and rate.

Graph and download economic data for Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 3-Month Constant Maturity, Quoted on an Investment Basis (RIFLGFCM03NA) from 1981 to 2024 about 3-month, maturity, investment, securities, yield, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

Deposit Interest Rate in Trinidad and Tobago remained unchanged at 1.50 percent in 2024 from 1.50 percent in 2023. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Deposit Interest Rate in Trinidad and Tobago.

Egypt: Real interest rate: Bank lending rate minus inflation: The latest value from 2023 is -5.66 percent, a decline from 0.14 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 4.42 percent, based on data from 87 countries. Historically, the average for Egypt from 1976 to 2023 is 2.64 percent. The minimum value, -9.31 percent, was reached in 1979 while the maximum of 17.58 percent was recorded in 1981.