The U.S. federal funds effective rate underwent a dramatic reduction in early 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The rate plummeted from 1.58 percent in February 2020 to 0.65 percent in March, and further decreased to 0.05 percent in April. This sharp reduction, accompanied by the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing program, was implemented to stabilize the economy during the global health crisis. After maintaining historically low rates for nearly two years, the Federal Reserve began a series of rate hikes in early 2022, with the rate moving from 0.33 percent in April 2022 to 5.33 percent in August 2023. The rate remained unchanged for over a year, before the Federal Reserve initiated its first rate cut in nearly three years in September 2024, bringing the rate to 5.13 percent. By December 2024, the rate was cut to 4.48 percent, signaling a shift in monetary policy in the second half of 2024. In January 2025, the Federal Reserve implemented another cut, setting the rate at 4.33 percent, which remained unchanged throughout the following months. What is the federal funds effective rate? The U.S. federal funds effective rate determines the interest rate paid by depository institutions, such as banks and credit unions, that lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight. Changing the effective rate in times of crisis is a common way to stimulate the economy, as it has a significant impact on the whole economy, such as economic growth, employment, and inflation. Central bank policy rates The adjustment of interest rates in response to the COVID-19 pandemic was a coordinated global effort. In early 2020, central banks worldwide implemented aggressive monetary easing policies to combat the economic crisis. The U.S. Federal Reserve's dramatic reduction of its federal funds rate - from 1.58 percent in February 2020 to 0.05 percent by April - mirrored similar actions taken by central banks globally. While these low rates remained in place throughout 2021, mounting inflationary pressures led to a synchronized tightening cycle beginning in 2022, with central banks pushing rates to multi-year highs. By mid-2024, as inflation moderated across major economies, central banks began implementing their first rate cuts in several years, with the U.S. Federal Reserve, Bank of England, and European Central Bank all easing monetary policy.

European Union BLS: HP: General Level of Interest Rates: Unchanged data was reported at 35.945 % in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 49.117 % for Jan 2025. European Union BLS: HP: General Level of Interest Rates: Unchanged data is updated quarterly, averaging 67.589 % from Apr 2015 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 86.382 % in Jul 2020 and a record low of 20.593 % in Apr 2023. European Union BLS: HP: General Level of Interest Rates: Unchanged data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by European Central Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.KB020: European Central Bank: Bank Lending Survey: Factor Affecting Demand for Loans to Household.

The inflation rate in the United States declined significantly between June 2022 and May 2025, despite rising inflationary pressures towards the end of 2024. The peak inflation rate was recorded in June 2022, at *** percent. In August 2023, the Federal Reserve's interest rate hit its highest level during the observed period, at **** percent, and remained unchanged until September 2024, when the Federal Reserve implemented its first rate cut since September 2021. By January 2025, the rate dropped to **** percent, signalling a shift in monetary policy. What is the Federal Reserve interest rate? The Federal Reserve interest rate, or the federal funds rate, is the rate at which banks and credit unions lend to and borrow from each other. It is one of the Federal Reserve's key tools for maintaining strong employment rates, stable prices, and reasonable interest rates. The rate is determined by the Federal Reserve and adjusted eight times a year, though it can be changed through emergency meetings during times of crisis. The Fed doesn't directly control the interest rate but sets a target rate. It then uses open market operations to influence rates toward this target. Ways of measuring inflation Inflation is typically measured using several methods, with the most common being the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The CPI tracks the price of a fixed basket of goods and services over time, providing a measure of the price changes consumers face. At the end of 2023, the CPI in the United States was ****** percent, up from ****** a year earlier. A more business-focused measure is the producer price index (PPI), which represents the costs of firms.

The benchmark interest rate in Romania was last recorded at 6.50 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Romania Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

European Union BLS: CC: General Level of Interest Rates: Unchanged data was reported at 92.095 % in Apr 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 90.957 % for Jan 2025. European Union BLS: CC: General Level of Interest Rates: Unchanged data is updated quarterly, averaging 84.625 % from Apr 2015 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 97.258 % in Jul 2024 and a record low of 62.269 % in Jan 2023. European Union BLS: CC: General Level of Interest Rates: Unchanged data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by European Central Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.KB020: European Central Bank: Bank Lending Survey: Factor Affecting Demand for Loans to Household.

The benchmark interest rate in Georgia was last recorded at 8 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Georgia Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Graph and download economic data for 43) Over the Past Three Months, How Have Initial Margin Requirements Set by Your Institution with Respect to OTC Interest Rate Derivatives Changed?| B. Initial Margin Requirements for Most Favored Clients, as a Consequence of Breadth, Duration, And/or Extent of Relationship. | Answer Type: Remained Basically Unchanged (OTCDQ43BRBUNR) from Q4 2011 to Q2 2025 about duration, derivatives, margin, change, 3-month, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for 50) Over the Past Three Months, How Has the Volume of Mark and Collateral Disputes Relating to Contracts of Each of the Following Types Changed?| B. Interest Rate. | Answer Type: Remained Basically Unchanged (OTCDQ50BRBUNR) from Q4 2011 to Q2 2025 about contracts, volume, collateral, change, 3-month, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

The benchmark interest rate in Russia was last recorded at 20 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Russia Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Graph and download economic data for 51) Over the Past Three Months, How Has the Duration and Persistence of Mark and Collateral Disputes Relating to Contracts of Each of the Following Types Changed?| B. Interest Rate. | Answer Type: Remained Basically Unchanged (OTCDQ51BRBUNR) from Q4 2011 to Q2 2025 about duration, contracts, collateral, change, 3-month, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

The benchmark interest rate in Hungary was last recorded at 6.50 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Hungary Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Turkey CG: Interest Rate: ST: TRY: Next 3 Mth: Remain Unchanged data was reported at 59.800 Point in Apr 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 66.000 Point for Mar 2020. Turkey CG: Interest Rate: ST: TRY: Next 3 Mth: Remain Unchanged data is updated monthly, averaging 60.300 Point from Jan 2007 (Median) to Apr 2020, with 160 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 83.900 Point in Nov 2010 and a record low of 26.200 Point in Nov 2008. Turkey CG: Interest Rate: ST: TRY: Next 3 Mth: Remain Unchanged data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.S013: Business Tendency Survey: Consumer Goods: Weighted: NACE Rev2.

The benchmark interest rate in China was last recorded at 3 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - China Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Turkey IG: Interest Rate: ST: TRY: Next 3 Mth: Remain Unchanged data was reported at 51.700 % Point in Apr 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 50.200 % Point for Mar 2020. Turkey IG: Interest Rate: ST: TRY: Next 3 Mth: Remain Unchanged data is updated monthly, averaging 54.900 % Point from Jan 2007 (Median) to Apr 2020, with 160 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 84.300 % Point in Jan 2018 and a record low of 17.300 % Point in Jan 2009. Turkey IG: Interest Rate: ST: TRY: Next 3 Mth: Remain Unchanged data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Turkey – Table TR.S017: Business Tendency Survey: Investment Consumer Goods: Weighted: NACE Rev2.

Libya: Interest rates on bank credit to the private sector: The latest value from 2014 is 6 percent, unchanged from 6 percent in 2013. In comparison, the world average is 11.28 percent, based on data from 135 countries. Historically, the average for Libya from 1964 to 2014 is 6.77 percent. The minimum value, 6 percent, was reached in 2007 while the maximum of 7 percent was recorded in 1964.

The statutory interest rate applied in Spain remained unchanged at **** percent in 2024. That rate had stood at three percent throughout the whole period from 2016 to 2022. The rate peaked in 2001 and 2008, when it reached *** percent.

The benchmark interest rate in Sweden was last recorded at 2 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Sweden Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Norway Business Survey: Epinion: Interest Rate Expectation: Household: Next 12 Months: Unchanged data was reported at 29.800 % in Sep 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 34.900 % for Jun 2018. Norway Business Survey: Epinion: Interest Rate Expectation: Household: Next 12 Months: Unchanged data is updated quarterly, averaging 34.900 % from Mar 2002 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 67 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 62.700 % in Sep 2016 and a record low of 8.900 % in Dec 2006. Norway Business Survey: Epinion: Interest Rate Expectation: Household: Next 12 Months: Unchanged data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Epinion. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Norway – Table NO.S009: Business Survey: Epinion: Interest Rate and Exchange Rate Expectation.

Mauritania: Interest rates on bank credit to the private sector: The latest value from 2017 is 17 percent, unchanged from 17 percent in 2016. In comparison, the world average is 11.18 percent, based on data from 129 countries. Historically, the average for Mauritania from 1980 to 2017 is 17.5 percent. The minimum value, 10 percent, was reached in 1989 while the maximum of 28 percent was recorded in 1999.

The United Kingdom: Interest rates on bank credit to the private sector: The latest value from 2014 is 0.5 percent, unchanged from 0.5 percent in 2013. In comparison, the world average is 11.28 percent, based on data from 135 countries. Historically, the average for the United Kingdom from 1967 to 2014 is 7.37 percent. The minimum value, 0.5 percent, was reached in 2010 while the maximum of 16.31 percent was recorded in 1980.