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Table of Contents 1. Overview 2. World and Regional Tables 3. Country Tables 4. Annex I. Analytic Presentation of the Balance of Payments 5. Annex II. Standard Presentation of the Balance of Payments 6. Annex III. Standard Components of the International Investment Position 7. Annex IV. Reporting Currency 8. Annex V. Conceptual Framework of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position 9. Annex VI. Classification and Standard Components of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Overview The electronic release of the Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook (BOPSY), produced by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), contains balance of payments and international investment position (IIP) data in accordance with the sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6) published in 2009. Individual country data for all available periods along with world and regional aggregates for the period 2005-2021 are included in this release. The IMF is grateful for countries’ cooperation in providing comprehensive, timely, and regular 1 Volume 1 of the Yearbook, published in 1949, was based on the first edition of the IMF’s Balance of Payments Manual, issued in 1948; Volumes 2–12 were compiled pursuant to the second edition of the Manual, issued in 1950; Volumes 13–23 were based on the third edition of the Manual, issued in 1961; and Volumes 24– 29 were associated with that edition as well as the Balance of Payments Manual: Supplement to Third Edition, issued in 1973. Volumes 30–45 followed the guidance of the fourth edition of the data to the Fund for re-dissemination. These data support the IMF’s Statistics Department (STA) in its efforts to respond to the analytical and policy needs of the IMF, member countries, and the international community. The electronic release, available through the online database accessible at http://data.imf.org, contains a section on the World and Regional Tables, which presents 21 World and Regional Tables for major components of the balance of payments and IIP accounts. Individual country tables covering annual balance of payments and IIP data of individual countries, jurisdictions, and other reporting entities, as well as Balance of Payments and IIP metadata are also published through the online database.. The release of the Yearbook based on BPM61 was endorsed by the IMF’s Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics. The BPM6 provides updated international standards covering the methodologies for compiling, and the presentation of, balance of payments and IIP statistics. It incorporates clarifications and improvements reflecting significant developments and expansion in globalized international trade arrangements and financial markets that had been identified since the release of the fifth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5) in 1993. Moreover, the linkages to and consistency with other macroeconomic statistics are maintained and enhanced through the parallel update of the OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment and the System of National Accounts. Manual, published in 1977. Volumes 46–62 were presented in accordance with the standard components of the BPM5. However, the standard components changed with the publication of Financial Derivatives, a Supplement to the Fifth Edition (1993) of the Balance of Payments Manual, published in 2000 and amended in 2002. As noted, Volume 63 and subsequent volumes were presented based on BPM6. Beginning 2019, BOPSY is released in electronic format only. International Monetary Fund: Balance of Payments Statistics: Introductory Notes, as of November 2023 3 For many decades, the IMF has published data on a basis that is consistent across countries and across time periods. Such data consistency is required to perform cross-country data comparisons, track growth rates across time, and produce regional or global data aggregates. Data conversion work undertaken by IMF staff, in close consultation with IMF member countries, has made possible the presentation in the BPM6 format of data for the few economies that have not yet implemented BPM6. To assist users in understanding the impact of conversion to BPM6, as well as in understanding major methodological changes from BPM5 to BPM6, see FAQs on Conversion from BPM5 to BPM6 The methodologies, compiling practices, and data sources available through data.imf.org are based on information provided to the IMF by reporting countries. The descriptions are intended to enhance user understanding of the coverage, as well as the limitations, of individual country data. At the same time, they are useful in informing compilers of data sources and practices used by their counterparts in other countries.

United States US: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets data was reported at 211.050 USD bn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 234.391 USD bn for 2015. United States US: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets data is updated yearly, averaging 20.585 USD bn from Sep 1989 (Median) to 2016, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 512.168 USD bn in 2008 and a record low of -180.747 USD bn in 2011. United States US: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net acquisition of government financial assets includes domestic and foreign financial claims, SDRs, and gold bullion held by monetary authorities as a reserve asset. The net acquisition of financial assets should be offset by the net incurrence of liabilities.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ;

United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Taxes on International Trade: % of Revenue data was reported at 1.078 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.098 % for 2015. United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Taxes on International Trade: % of Revenue data is updated yearly, averaging 1.293 % from Sep 1972 (Median) to 2016, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.006 % in 1976 and a record low of 0.999 % in 2001. United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Taxes on International Trade: % of Revenue data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Taxes on international trade include import duties, export duties, profits of export or import monopolies, exchange profits, and exchange taxes.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Median;

Pakistan Dataset

SOURCE_ORGANIZATION International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database. International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division. World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files, and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics. World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision. Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision, (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme. World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.

United States US: Expenditure: Other Expenditure: % of GDP data was reported at 6.325 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6.548 % for 2015. United States US: Expenditure: Other Expenditure: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 6.691 % from Sep 1989 (Median) to 2016, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.973 % in 2009 and a record low of 0.497 % in 1997. United States US: Expenditure: Other Expenditure: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Other expense is spending on dividends, rent, and other miscellaneous expenses, including provision for consumption of fixed capital.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Median;

Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets: % of GDP data was reported at 0.139 % in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of -0.019 % for 2012. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.060 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2014, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.074 % in 2008 and a record low of -5.103 % in 2009. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Trinidad and Tobago – Table TT.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net acquisition of government financial assets includes domestic and foreign financial claims, SDRs, and gold bullion held by monetary authorities as a reserve asset. The net acquisition of financial assets should be offset by the net incurrence of liabilities.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Weighted average;

United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Other Taxes: % of Revenue data was reported at 0.576 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.581 % for 2015. United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Other Taxes: % of Revenue data is updated yearly, averaging 1.069 % from Sep 1972 (Median) to 2016, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.548 % in 1972 and a record low of 0.371 % in 2011. United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Other Taxes: % of Revenue data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Other taxes include employer payroll or labor taxes, taxes on property, and taxes not allocable to other categories, such as penalties for late payment or nonpayment of taxes.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Median;

Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets data was reported at 243.100 TTD mn in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of -32.000 TTD mn for 2012. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets data is updated yearly, averaging 105.550 TTD mn from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2014, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,634.700 TTD mn in 2008 and a record low of -6,189.200 TTD mn in 2009. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Trinidad and Tobago – Table TT.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net acquisition of government financial assets includes domestic and foreign financial claims, SDRs, and gold bullion held by monetary authorities as a reserve asset. The net acquisition of financial assets should be offset by the net incurrence of liabilities.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ;

United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Taxes on International Trade data was reported at 37.536 USD bn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 38.124 USD bn for 2015. United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Taxes on International Trade data is updated yearly, averaging 19.060 USD bn from Sep 1972 (Median) to 2016, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.124 USD bn in 2015 and a record low of 3.400 USD bn in 1973. United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Taxes on International Trade data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Taxes on international trade include import duties, export duties, profits of export or import monopolies, exchange profits, and exchange taxes.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ;

United States US: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-): % of GDP data was reported at -3.962 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of -3.311 % for 2015. United States US: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-): % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging -2.972 % from Sep 1972 (Median) to 2016, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.226 % in 2000 and a record low of -10.235 % in 2009. United States US: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-): % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Weighted average;

United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Taxes on Goods and Services: % Value Added of Industry and Services data was reported at 0.557 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.588 % for 2015. United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Taxes on Goods and Services: % Value Added of Industry and Services data is updated yearly, averaging 0.588 % from Sep 1997 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.747 % in 1999 and a record low of 0.460 % in 2008. United States US: Revenue and Grants: Revenue: Taxes on Goods and Services: % Value Added of Industry and Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Taxes on goods and services include general sales and turnover or value added taxes, selective excises on goods, selective taxes on services, taxes on the use of goods or property, taxes on extraction and production of minerals, and profits of fiscal monopolies.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD value added estimates.; ;

United States US: Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets: % of GDP data was reported at 1.335 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.235 % for 2015. United States US: Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.343 % from Sep 1972 (Median) to 2016, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.941 % in 2010 and a record low of 0.184 % in 1974. United States US: Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net investment in government nonfinancial assets includes fixed assets, inventories, valuables, and nonproduced assets. Nonfinancial assets are stores of value and provide benefits either through their use in the production of goods and services or in the form of property income and holding gains. Net investment in nonfinancial assets also includes consumption of fixed capital.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Weighted average;

United States US: Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets data was reported at 248.569 USD bn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 223.701 USD bn for 2015. United States US: Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets data is updated yearly, averaging 22.070 USD bn from Sep 1972 (Median) to 2016, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 290.479 USD bn in 2010 and a record low of 2.850 USD bn in 1974. United States US: Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net investment in government nonfinancial assets includes fixed assets, inventories, valuables, and nonproduced assets. Nonfinancial assets are stores of value and provide benefits either through their use in the production of goods and services or in the form of property income and holding gains. Net investment in nonfinancial assets also includes consumption of fixed capital.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ;

United States US: Revenue Excluding Grants data was reported at 3,481.956 USD bn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,470.756 USD bn for 2015. United States US: Revenue Excluding Grants data is updated yearly, averaging 1,330.450 USD bn from Sep 1972 (Median) to 2016, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,481.956 USD bn in 2016 and a record low of 213.890 USD bn in 1972. United States US: Revenue Excluding Grants data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ;

Saudi Arabia SA: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets as % of GDP data was reported at -3.550 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of -5.654 % for 2016. Saudi Arabia SA: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets as % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging -4.602 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of -3.550 % in 2017 and a record low of -5.654 % in 2016. Saudi Arabia SA: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets as % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Saudi Arabia – Table SA.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net acquisition of government financial assets includes domestic and foreign financial claims, SDRs, and gold bullion held by monetary authorities as a reserve asset. The net acquisition of financial assets should be offset by the net incurrence of liabilities.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Weighted average;

Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-): % of GDP data was reported at -1.862 % in 2014. This records a decrease from the previous number of -1.339 % for 2012. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-): % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.664 % from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2014, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.740 % in 2005 and a record low of -4.955 % in 2009. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-): % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Trinidad and Tobago – Table TT.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Weighted average;

France FR: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-) data was reported at -78,717.000 EUR mn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of -78,447.000 EUR mn for 2015. France FR: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-) data is updated yearly, averaging -25,254.000 EUR mn from Dec 1972 (Median) to 2016, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,942.266 EUR mn in 1974 and a record low of -134,369.000 EUR mn in 2010. France FR: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ;

Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Incurrence of Liabilities: Total data was reported at 3,488.300 TTD mn in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,808.300 TTD mn for 2012. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Incurrence of Liabilities: Total data is updated yearly, averaging -157.950 TTD mn from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2014, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,991.800 TTD mn in 2011 and a record low of -2,124.700 TTD mn in 2010. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Incurrence of Liabilities: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Trinidad and Tobago – Table TT.World Bank: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net incurrence of government liabilities includes foreign financing (obtained from nonresidents) and domestic financing (obtained from residents), or the means by which a government provides financial resources to cover a budget deficit or allocates financial resources arising from a budget surplus. The net incurrence of liabilities should be offset by the net acquisition of financial assets.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ;

Uzbekistan UZ: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets data was reported at 9,136,404.682 UZS mn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,080,439.120 UZS mn for 2015. Uzbekistan UZ: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets data is updated yearly, averaging 7,150,632.768 UZS mn from Dec 2011 (Median) to 2016, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,176,457.000 UZS mn in 2012 and a record low of 6,080,439.120 UZS mn in 2015. Uzbekistan UZ: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Uzbekistan – Table UZ.World Bank: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net acquisition of government financial assets includes domestic and foreign financial claims, SDRs, and gold bullion held by monetary authorities as a reserve asset. The net acquisition of financial assets should be offset by the net incurrence of liabilities.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ;

Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Incurrence of Liabilities: Total: % of GDP data was reported at 2.001 % in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.705 % for 2012. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Incurrence of Liabilities: Total: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging -0.113 % from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2014, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.449 % in 2011 and a record low of -1.504 % in 2010. Trinidad and Tobago TT: Net Incurrence of Liabilities: Total: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Trinidad and Tobago – Table TT.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net incurrence of government liabilities includes foreign financing (obtained from nonresidents) and domestic financing (obtained from residents), or the means by which a government provides financial resources to cover a budget deficit or allocates financial resources arising from a budget surplus. The net incurrence of liabilities should be offset by the net acquisition of financial assets.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Weighted average;