Graph and download economic data for Core Consumer Price Inflation for Iran, Islamic Republic of (IRNPCPICOREPCHPT) from 2007 to 2025 about Iran, consumer prices, core, REO, consumer, inflation, and rate.

Consumer price indexes (CPIs) are index numbers that measure changes in the prices of goods and services purchased or otherwise acquired by households, which households use directly, or indirectly, to satisfy their own needs and wants. In practice, most CPIs are calculated as weighted averages of the percentage price changes for a specified set, or ‘‘basket’’, of consumer products, the weights reflecting their relative importance in household consumption in some period. CPIs are widely used to index pensions and social security benefits. CPIs are also used to index other payments, such as interest payments or rents, or the prices of bonds. CPIs are also commonly used as a proxy for the general rate of inflation, even though they measure only consumer inflation. They are used by some governments or central banks to set inflation targets for purposes of monetary policy. The price data collected for CPI purposes can also be used to compile other indices, such as the price indices used to deflate household consumption expenditures in national accounts, or the purchasing power parities used to compare real levels of consumption in different countries.

In an effort to further coordinate and harmonize the collection of CPI data, the international organizations agreed that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) would assume responsibility for the international collection and dissemination of national CPI data. Under this data collection initiative, countries are reporting the aggregate all items index; more detailed indexes and weights for 12 subgroups of consumption expenditure (according to the so-called COICOP-classification), and detailed metadata. These detailed data represent a valuable resource for data users throughout the world and this portal would not be possible without the ongoing cooperation of all reporting countries. In this effort, the OECD collects and validates the data for their member countries, including accession and key partner countries, whereas the IMF takes care of the collection of data for all other countries.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Inflation for Pakistan (PAKPCPIPCHPT) from 2000 to 2025 about Pakistan, consumer prices, REO, consumer, inflation, and rate.

The inflation rate in the United States is expected to decrease to 2.1 percent by 2029. 2022 saw a year of exceptionally high inflation, reaching eight percent for the year. The data represents U.S. city averages. The base period was 1982-84. In economics, the inflation rate is a measurement of inflation, the rate of increase of a price index (in this case: consumer price index). It is the percentage rate of change in prices level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. According to the forecast, prices will increase by 2.9 percent in 2024. The annual inflation rate for previous years can be found here and the consumer price index for all urban consumers here. The monthly inflation rate for the United States can also be accessed here. Inflation in the U.S.Inflation is a term used to describe a general rise in the price of goods and services in an economy over a given period of time. Inflation in the United States is calculated using the consumer price index (CPI). The consumer price index is a measure of change in the price level of a preselected market basket of consumer goods and services purchased by households. This forecast of U.S. inflation was prepared by the International Monetary Fund. They project that inflation will stay higher than average throughout 2023, followed by a decrease to around roughly two percent annual rise in the general level of prices until 2028. Considering the annual inflation rate in the United States in 2021, a two percent inflation rate is a very moderate projection. The 2022 spike in inflation in the United States and worldwide is due to a variety of factors that have put constraints on various aspects of the economy. These factors include COVID-19 pandemic spending and supply-chain constraints, disruptions due to the war in Ukraine, and pandemic related changes in the labor force. Although the moderate inflation of prices between two and three percent is considered normal in a modern economy, countries’ central banks try to prevent severe inflation and deflation to keep the growth of prices to a minimum. Severe inflation is considered dangerous to a country’s economy because it can rapidly diminish the population’s purchasing power and thus damage the GDP .

Graph and download economic data for Core Consumer Price Inflation for Morocco (MARPCPICOREPCHPT) from 2000 to 2025 about Morocco, consumer prices, core, REO, consumer, inflation, and rate.

In January 2025, prices had increased by three percent compared to January 2024 according to the 12-month percentage change in the consumer price index — the monthly inflation rate for goods and services in the United States. The data represents U.S. city averages. In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. A projection of the annual U.S. inflation rate can be accessed here and the actual annual inflation rate since 1990 can be accessed here. InflationOne of the most important economic indicators is the development of the Consumer Price Index in a country. The change in this price level of goods and services is defined as the rate of inflation. The inflationary situation in the United States had been relatively severe in 2022 due to global events relating to COVID-19, supply chain restrains, and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. More information on U.S. inflation may be found on our dedicated topic page. The annual inflation rate in the United States has increased from 3.2 percent in 2011 to 8.3 percent in 2022. This means that the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar has weakened in recent years. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. According to the data published by the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) was about 258.84 in 2020 and is forecasted to grow up to 325.6 by 2027, compared to the base period from 1982 to 1984. The monthly percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for urban consumers in the United States was 0.1 percent in March 2023 compared to the previous month. In 2022, countries all around the world are experienced high levels of inflation. Although Brazil already had an inflation rate of 8.3 percent in 2021, compared to the previous year, while the inflation rate in China stood at 0.85 percent.

Graph and download economic data for Core Consumer Price Inflation for Iraq (IRQPCPICOREPCHPT) from 2005 to 2025 about Iraq, consumer prices, core, REO, consumer, inflation, and rate.

In 2024, the annual end-of-period inflation rate of Chile was approximately 4.53 percent. Between 1980 and 2024, the figure dropped by around 26.71 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory. The rate is forecast to decline by about 1.53 percentage points from 2024 to 2030, fluctuating as it trends downward.The International Monetary Fund describes this indicator as a measure of inflation based upon the year-on-year percent change in the end-of-period consumer price index (CPI). The said index measure is based upon the cost of a typical basket of goods and services at the end of a given time period.

In 2025, the annual inflation rate of end of period consumer prices of Brazil lies at approximately 5.27 percent.Fluctuating decline between 1981 and 2025Between 1981 and 2025 a total decrease by approximately 90.39 percentage points can be observed. This decrease however did not happen continuously.Fluctuating decline between 2025 and 2030In 2030 the rate will stand at around 2.96 percent, according to forecasts. There is an overall decrease by approximately 2.31 percentage points since 2025.The International Monetary Fund describes this indicator as a measure of inflation based upon the year on year change in the end of period consumer price index. Said index measure is based upon the cost of a typical basket of goods and services at the end of a given time period. Typically a reference year exists for which a value of 100 had been assigned.

San Marino Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data was reported at 1.046 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.574 % for 2016. San Marino Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data is updated yearly, averaging 1.890 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2017, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.293 % in 2008 and a record low of 0.146 % in 2015. San Marino Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s San Marino – Table SM.World Bank.WDI: Inflation. Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.; Median;

🏳️‍🌈 International Organization English The FAOSTAT monthly Food CPI and General CPI database was based on the ILO CPI data until December 2014. In 2014, IMF-ILO-FAO agreed to transfer global CPI data compilation from ILO to IMF. Upon agreement, CPIs for all items and its sub components originates from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the UN Statistics Division(UNSD) for countries not covered by the IMF. However, due to a limited time coverage from IMF and UNSD for a number of countries, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Central Bank of Western African States (BCEAO), Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB), UNdata, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and national statistical office website data are used for missing historical data from IMF and UNSD food CPI. The FAO CPI dataset for all items(or general CPI) and the Food CPI, consists of a complete and consistent set of time series from January 2000 onwards. Data gaps on monthly Food CPI and General CPI are filled using statistical estimation procedures to have full data coverage for all countries for Food CPI and for General CPI. These indices measure the price change between the current and reference periods of the average basket of goods and services purchased by households. The General CPI is typically used to measure and monitor inflation, set monetary policy targets, index social benefits such as pensions and unemployment benefits, and to escalate thresholds and credits in the income tax systems and wages in public and private wage contracts. The FAOSTAT monthly Food CPI inflation rates are annual year-over-year inflation or percentage change over corresponding month of the previous year. The data included in Data360 is a subset of the data available from the source. Please refer to the source for complete data and methodology details. This collection includes only a subset of indicators from the source dataset.

South African monthly The FTSE/JSE All Share Index data was procured from Bloomberg and the nominal effective exchange rate (NEER) from South African Reserve Bank (SARB) database, where the data has been seasonally adjusted specifying 2015 as the base year. Volatility measures in these markets are generated through a multivaraite EGARCH model in the WinRATS software. South African monthly consumer price index (CPI) data was procured from the International Monetary Fund’s International Financial Statistics (IFS) database, where the data has been seasonally adjusted, specifying 2010 as the base year. The inflation rate is constructed by taking the year-on-year changes in the monthly CPI figures. Inflation uncertainty was generated through the GARCH model in Eviews software. The following South African macroeconomic variables were procured from the SARB: real industrial production (IP), which is used as a proxy for real GDP, real investment (I), real consumption (C), inflation (CPI), broad money (M3), the 3-month treasury bill rate (TB3) and the policy rate (R), a measure of U.S. EPU developed by Baker et al. (2016) to account for global developments available at http://www.policyuncertainty.com/us_monthly.html.

Sao Tome and Principe ST: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data was reported at 5.431 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 5.246 % for 2015. Sao Tome and Principe ST: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data is updated yearly, averaging 13.006 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 50.493 % in 1998 and a record low of 5.246 % in 2015. Sao Tome and Principe ST: Consumer Price Index (CPI): % Change data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Sao Tome and Principe – Table ST.World Bank: Inflation. Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.; Median;

Palau PW: Inflation: Consumer Price Index data was reported at 1.280 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of -1.042 % for 2016. Palau PW: Inflation: Consumer Price Index data is updated yearly, averaging 3.297 % from Dec 2002 (Median) to 2017, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.966 % in 2008 and a record low of -1.301 % in 2002. Palau PW: Inflation: Consumer Price Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Palau – Table PW.World Bank.WDI: Inflation. Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.; Median;

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Inflation for Kazakhstan (KAZPCPIPCHPT) from 2000 to 2025 about Kazakhstan, consumer prices, REO, consumer, inflation, and rate.

Palau PW: Consumer Price Index data was reported at 118.169 2010=100 in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 116.675 2010=100 for 2016. Palau PW: Consumer Price Index data is updated yearly, averaging 98.578 2010=100 from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2017, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 118.169 2010=100 in 2017 and a record low of 73.108 2010=100 in 2002. Palau PW: Consumer Price Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Palau – Table PW.World Bank.WDI: Inflation. Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used. Data are period averages.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.; ;

In 2024, the annual end-of-period inflation rate of Panama was estimated at about -0.19 percent. Between 1980 and 2024, the figure dropped by approximately 15.69 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory. From 2024 to 2030, the rate will rise by around 2.19 percentage points, showing an overall upward trend with periodic ups and downs.The International Monetary Fund describes this indicator as a measure of inflation based upon the year-on-year percent change in the end-of-period consumer price index (CPI). The said index measure is based upon the cost of a typical basket of goods and services at the end of a given time period.

As shown in this statistic, the annual inflation rate of end of period consumer prices of Venezuela is approximately 254.35 percent in 2025.Fluctuating rise between 1985 and 2025A total increase by approximately 245.23 percentage points can be observed between 1985 and 2025. The data emphasizes however that this increase did not happen continuously.Continuous decline between 2025 and 2026The rate will be around 218.22 percent in 2026, according to forecasts. There is an overall decrease by approximately 36.13 percentage points since 2025. This decrease reflects a consistent falling trend.The International Monetary Fund describes this indicator as a measure of inflation based upon the year on year change in the end of period consumer price index. Said index measure is based upon the cost of a typical basket of goods and services at the end of a given time period. Typically a reference year exists for which a value of 100 had been assigned.

In 2024, the annual end-of-period inflation rate of Brazil was approximately 4.83 percent. Between 1981 and 2024, the figure dropped by around 90.83 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory. The rate is forecast to decline by about 1.87 percentage points from 2024 to 2030, fluctuating as it trends downward.The International Monetary Fund describes this indicator as a measure of inflation based upon the year-on-year percent change in the end-of-period consumer price index (CPI). The said index measure is based upon the cost of a typical basket of goods and services at the end of a given time period.

This study examines the determinants influencing the likelihood of Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries seeking assistance from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The IMF, as a global institution, aims to promote sustainable growth and prosperity among its member countries by supporting economic strategies that foster financial stability and collaboration in monetary affairs. Utilising panel-probit regression, this study analyses data from thirty-nine SSA countries spanning from 2000 to 2022, focusing on twelve factors: Current Account Balance (CAB), inflation, corruption, General Government Net Lending and Borrowing (GGNLB), General Government Gross Debt (GGGD), Gross Domestic Product Growth (GDPG), United Nations Security Council (UNSC) involvement, regime types (Closed Autocracy, Electoral Democracy, Electoral Autocracy, Liberal Democracy) and China Loan. The results indicate that corruption and GDP growth rate have the most significant influence on the likelihood of SSA countries seeking IMF assistance. Conversely, factors such as CAB, UNSC involvement, LD and inflation show inconsequential effects. Notable, countries like Sudan, Burundi, and Guinea consistently rank high in seeking IMF assistance over various time frames within the observed period. Sudan emerges with a probability of more than 44% in seeking IMF assistance, holding the highest ranking. Study emphasises the importance of understanding SSA region rankings and the variability of variables for policymakers, investors, and international organisations to effectively address economic challenges and provide financial assistance.