The US territorial sea is a maritime zone, over which the United States exercises sovereignty. Each coastal State claims a territorial sea that extends seaward up to 12 nautical miles from its coastal baseline. As defined by maritime law, the coastal State exercises sovereignty over its territorial sea, the air space above it, and the seabed and subsoil beneath it. The U.S. territorial sea extends 12 nautical miles from the coastal baseline. The zone is usually used in concert with several other Limits and Boundary Lines for Maritime purposes.Maritime limits for the United States are measured from the US baseline, which is recognized as the low-water line along the coast as marked on NOAA's nautical charts. The baseline and related maritime limits are reviewed and approved by the interagency US Baseline Committee. The Office of Coast Survey depicts on its nautical charts the territorial sea (12nm), contiguous zone (24nm), and exclusive economic zone (200nm, plus maritime boundaries with adjacent/opposite countries. US maritime limits are ambulatory and subject to revision based on accretion or erosion of the charted low water line. Dataset SummaryThis map service contains data from NOAA and BOEM sources that address USA Regional coastal areas and are designed to be used together within an ArcGIS.com web map. These include: World Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) from NOAA Office of Coast SurveyContiguous Zone (CZ) from NOAA Office of Coast SurveyTerritorial Sea (TS) Boundary from NOAA Office of Coast SurveyRevenue Sharing Boundary [Section 8(g) of OCSLA Zone Boundary] from Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM)Submerged Land Act Boundaries (SLA) aka State Seaward Boundary (SSB)State Administrative Boundary from Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM)Continental Shelf Boundary (CSB) from Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM)Regional Maritime Planning Area Boundaries from NOAA Office of Coast SurveyInternational Provisional Maritime Boundary from NOAA (International Boundary Commission)The data for this layer were obtained from MarineCadastre.gov and is updated regularly.More information about U.S. Maritime Limits and BoundariesLink to source metadataWhat can you do with this layer?The features in this layer are used for areas and limits of coastal planning areas, or offshore planning areas, applied within ArcGIS Desktop and ArcGIS Online. A depiction of the territorial sea boundaries helps disputing parties reach an agreement as in the case of one state's boundary overlapping with another state's territorial sea, in which case the border is taken as the median point between the states' baselines, unless the states in question agree otherwise. A state can also choose to claim a smaller territorial sea.Conflicts still occur whenever a coastal nation claims an entire gulf as its territorial waters while other nations only recognize the more restrictive definitions of the UN convention. Two recent conflicts occurred in the Gulf of Sidra where Libya has claimed the entire gulf as its territorial waters and the US has twice enforced freedom of navigation rights, in the 1981 and 1989 Gulf of Sidra incidents.This layer is a feature service, which means it can be used for visualization and analysis throughout the ArcGIS Platform. This layer is not editable.

The maritime limits and boundaries of the U.S., found in the A-16 National Geospatial Data Asset Portfolio, is recognized as the low-water line along the coast measured from the U.S. baseline. This is marked on official U.S. nautical charts in accordance with the articles of the Law of the Sea. The baseline and related maritime limits are reviewed and approved by the inter-agency U.S. Baseline Committee.The primary purpose of this data is to update the official depiction of these maritime limits and boundaries on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's nautical charts. The Office of Coast Survey depicts on its nautical charts the territorial sea (12 nautical miles), contiguous zone (24 nautical miles), and Exclusive Economic Zone (200 nautical miles, plus maritime boundaries with adjacent/opposite countries). U.S. maritime limits are ambulatory and are subject to revision based on accretion or erosion of the charted low-water line. For more information about U.S. maritime limits and boundaries and to download data, see U.S. Maritime Limits & Boundaries. For the full Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata record, see Maritime Limits and Boundaries of United States of America.Thumbnail source image courtesy of: David Restivo

Borders of territorial waters (12 nautical miles from baseline) in the Baltic Sea.

It is based on a dataset by the European Environment Agency (https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/maritime-boundaries). The Russian borders and some small segments are based in OpenStreetMap. See the attribute table for details.

The Swedish territorial waters file was edited in November 2019. The source was the Swedish Maritime Administration (https://www.sjofartsverket.se/sv/Maritima-Tjanster/Havsgranser/)

(Version 4.1, updated September 13, 2013) Maritime limits for the United States are measured from the U.S. baseline, recognized as the low-water line along the coast as marked on NOAA's nautical charts in accordance with the articles of the Law of the Sea. The baseline and related maritime limits are reviewed and approved by the interagency U.S. Baseline Committee. The primary purpose of this dataset is to update the official depiction of these maritime limits and boundaries on NOAA's nautical charts. The Office of Coast Survey depicts on its nautical charts the territorial sea (12 nautical miles), contiguous zone (24nm), and exclusive economic zone (200nm, plus maritime boundaries with adjacent/opposite countries). U.S. maritime limits are ambulatory and subject to revision based on accretion or erosion of the charted low water line. For more information about U.S. Maritime Limits and Boundaries and to stay up-to-date, see: http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/csdl/mbound.htm. For the full FGDC metadata record, see: http:www.ncddc.noaa.gov/approved_recs/nos_de/ocs/ocs/MB_ParentDataset.html. Coordinates for the US/Canada international boundary, on land and through the Great Lakes, are managed by the International Boundary Commission.

An exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is a sea zone prescribed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea over which a sovereign state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind. This maritime boundary is designed to be used with other marine boundaries in order to help determine areas of trade, commerce and transportation. The 200 NM zone is measured, country-by-country, from another maritime boundary, the baseline (usually but not in all cases the mean low-water mark, used is not the same thing as the coast line. For each country, obtain the official list of the baseline points from the United Nations under Maritime Space.The exclusive economic zone stretches much further into sea than the territorial waters, which end at 12 NM (22 km) from the coastal baseline (if following the rules set out in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea). Thus, the EEZ includes the contiguous zone. States also have rights to the seabed of what is called the continental shelf up to 350 NM (648 km) from the coastal baseline, beyond the EEZ, but such areas are not part of their EEZ. The legal definition of the continental shelf does not directly correspond to the geological meaning of the term, as it also includes the continental rise and slope, and the entire seabed within the EEZ. The chart below diagrams the overlapping jurisdictions which are part of the EEZ. When the (EEZ) boundary is between countries which are separated by less than 200NM is settled by international tribunals at any arbitrary line. Many countries are still in the process of extending their EEZs beyond 200NM using criteria defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Dataset Summary The data for this layer were obtained from https://www.marineregions.org/published here. Link to source metadata.Preferred Citation: Flanders Marine Institute (2023). Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase: Maritime Boundaries and Exclusive Economic Zones (200NM), version 12. Available online at https://www.marineregions.org/. https://doi.org/10.14284/632This layer is a feature service, which means it can be used for visualization and analysis throughout the ArcGIS Platform. This layer is not editable.

The Digital Geologic Map of International Boundary and Water Commission Mapping in Amistad National Recreation Area, Texas and Mexico is composed of GIS data layers complete with ArcMap 9.3 layer (.LYR) files, two ancillary GIS tables, a Map PDF document with ancillary map text, figures and tables, a FGDC metadata record and a 9.3 ArcMap (.MXD) Document that displays the digital map in 9.3 ArcGIS. The data were completed as a component of the Geologic Resources Inventory (GRI) program, a National Park Service (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) funded program that is administered by the NPS Geologic Resources Division (GRD). Source geologic maps and data used to complete this GRI digital dataset were provided by the following: Eddie Collins, Amanda Masterson and Tom Tremblay (Texas Bureau of Economic Geology); Rick Page (U.S. Geological Survey); Gilbert Anaya (International Boundary and Water Commission). Detailed information concerning the sources used and their contribution the GRI product are listed in the Source Citation sections(s) of this metadata record (ibwc_metadata.txt; available at http://nrdata.nps.gov/amis/nrdata/geology/gis/ibwc_metadata.xml). All GIS and ancillary tables were produced as per the NPS GRI Geology-GIS Geodatabase Data Model v. 2.1. (available at: http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/inventory/geology/GeologyGISDataModel.cfm). The GIS data is available as a 9.3 personal geodatabase (ibwc_geology.mdb), and as shapefile (.SHP) and DBASEIV (.DBF) table files. The GIS data projection is NAD83, UTM Zone 14N. The data is within the area of interest of Amistad National Recreation Area.

The Territorial Sea of the United States of America By the President of the United States of America A Proclamation of 27 December 1988 states the extension of the territorial sea of the United States of America, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and any other territory or possession over which the United States exercises sovereignty.

The territorial sea of the United States henceforth extends to 12 nautical miles from the baselines of the United States determined in accordance with international law. In accordance with international law, as reflected in the applicable provisions of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea, within the territorial sea of the United States, the ships of all countries enjoy the right of innocent passage and the ships and aircraft of all countries enjoy the right of transit passage through international straits. Nothing in this Proclamation: (a) extends or otherwise alters existing federal or State law or any jurisdiction, rights, legal interests, or obligations derived therefrom, or (b) impairs the determination, in accordance with international law, of any maritime boundary of the United States with a foreign jurisdiction.

https://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/USA_1988_Proclamation.pdf

The Real Map of Ireland represents Ireland's marine territory of over 220 million acres which is ten times the size of the island of Ireland. The currently designated Irish Continental Shelf, represented by the red line on the map. shows Ireland's current territorial waters which extends out across the North Atlantic Ocean and includes parts of the Irish and Celtic Seas. This area also includes one of the largest marine Exclusive Economic Zones in the European Union. The Continental Shelf of a coastal State comprises the seabed and subsoil of submarine areas that extend to 200 nautical miles from its territorial sea baselines or further if the natural prolongation of its land mass is beyond this. The coastal State exercises over the continental shelf sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring it and exploiting its natural resources. Where a margin extends beyond 200 nautical miles, a coastal state may extend its continental shelf limit, subject to the criteria set out in Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The Real Map of Ireland released January 2008. The Real Map of Ireland vision produced to support the promotion of Ireland's marine resource. The Real Map of Ireland produced by the Marine Institute, Ireland's national agency for marine research, technological development and innovation.

The International Map of the World (IMW) series is no longer maintained, and printed copies of this map are no longer available. The Australian portion of the series consists of 49 maps. They were produced to an international specification using the R502 series at 1:250,000 scale as source material. Production commenced in 1926 and was completed in 1978. The maps were revised from time to time and the last reprint was undertaken in 2003. Each standard map sheet covers 4 degrees of latitude by 6 degrees of longitude and was produced using a Lambert Conformal Conic projection with 2 standard parallels. The series has recently been superseded by the 1:1 000 000 topographic map general reference.

The collection of water quality data has been an integral part of the International Boundary and Water Commission's mission and goal since the signing of the 1944 Water Treaty. The IBWC collects water quality data for several transboundary rivers, the Rio Grande, Colorado River, New River, Alamo River, and the Tijuana River, along with stations in the Pacific Ocean known as the South Bay Ocean Outfall Water Quality Monitoring Program (Pacific Ocean). The data is collected and exchanged between the United States and Mexico as agreed to under the IBWC 1944 Water Treaty and the subsequent agreements made by the IBWC to implement the various water quality monitoring programs along the border. Water quality goals for each program are either specified in an IBWC Minute (such as Minute No. 264 for New River), or compared to water quality standards using United States or Mexican standards for rivers and streams.

Nauru's Territorial Sea Baseline was defined using the 1993 topographic map produce by Survey Graphics Pty Ltd of Perth, Western Australia, under the direction of the Ministry of Island Development and Industry. The map is based on UTM Grid Zone 58, which is referred to the World Geodetic System 1972 (WGS 72). The WGS 72 coordinate system was then converted to WGS 84 using transformation parameters tabled on Nauru Maritime Boundaries Technical Report (TR 399).

MapInfo and Marzone delimitation software was used to map the 86 basepoints which was the basis in delimiting outer limits of 12M, 24M and 200M.

Nauru's Territorial Sea Baseline is categorised as a normal baseline. Under the United National Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), normal baseline can be drawn around low tide elevation which are defined as naturally formed areas of land surrounded by and above water at low tide but submerged at high tide, provided they are wholly or partially within 12 nautical miles of the coast.

The map is designed to be used as a basemap by marine GIS professionals and as a reference map by anyone interested in ocean data. The basemap focuses on bathymetry. It also includes inland waters and roads, overlaid on land cover and shaded relief imagery.The Ocean Base map currently provides coverage for the world down to a scale of ~1:577k; coverage down to ~1:72k in United States coastal areas and various other areas; and coverage down to ~1:9k in limited regional areas.The World Ocean Reference is designed to be drawn on top of this map and provides selected city labels throughout the world. This web map lets you view the World Ocean Base with the Reference service drawn on top. Article in the Fall 2011 ArcUser about this basemap: "A Foundation for Ocean GIS".The map was compiled from a variety of best available sources from several data providers, including General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans GEBCO_08 Grid version 20100927 and IHO-IOC GEBCO Gazetteer of Undersea Feature Names August 2010 version (https://www.gebco.net), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National Geographic for the oceans; and Garmin, and Esri for topographic content. You can contribute your bathymetric data to this service and have it served by Esri for the benefit of the Ocean GIS community. For details on the users who contributed bathymetric data for this map via the Community Maps Program, view the list of Contributors for the Ocean Basemap. The basemap was designed and developed by Esri. The GEBCO_08 Grid is largely based on a database of ship-track soundings with interpolation between soundings guided by satellite-derived gravity data. In some areas, data from existing grids are included. The GEBCO_08 Grid does not contain detailed information in shallower water areas, information concerning the generation of the grid can be found on GEBCO's website: https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/. The GEBCO_08 Grid is accompanied by a Source Identifier (SID) Grid which indicates which cells in the GEBCO_08 Grid are based on soundings or existing grids and which have been interpolated. The latest version of both grids and accompanying documentation is available to download, on behalf of GEBCO, from the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC) https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/online_delivery/gebco/.The names of the IHO (International Hydrographic Organization), IOC (intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission), GEBCO (General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans), NERC (Natural Environment Research Council) or BODC (British Oceanographic Data Centre) may not be used in any way to imply, directly or otherwise, endorsement or support of either the Licensee or their mapping system.Tip: Here are some famous oceanic locations as they appear this map. Each URL launches this map at a particular location via parameters specified in the URL: Challenger Deep, Galapagos Islands, Hawaiian Islands, Maldive Islands, Mariana Trench, Tahiti, Queen Charlotte Sound, Notre Dame Bay, Labrador Trough, New York Bight, Massachusetts Bay, Mississippi Sound

As of November 2020, Japan had mapped nearly 98 percent of it's exclusive economic zone (EEZ). An EEZ is the sea zone stretching 200 nautical miles (nmi) from the coast of a state. The Seabed 2030 project aims to map the world's ocean floor by the year 2030 using crowdsource datasets.

SeaMaST provides evidence on the use of sea areas by seabirds and inshore waterbirds in English territorial waters, mapping their relative sensitivity to offshore wind farm and wave/tidal energy developments. Data were compiled from offshore boat and aerial observer surveys spanning the period 1979–2012. The data were analysed using distance analysis and Density Surface Modelling to produce predicted bird densities across a grid covering English territorial waters at a resolution of 3 km x 3 km. Coefficients of Variation were estimated for each grid cell density, as an indication of confidence in predictions. Offshore wind farm sensitivity scores were compiled for seabird species using English territorial waters in breeding and non-breeding seasons, according to the BDMPS (Biologically Defined Minimum Population Scales) project (http://publications.naturalengland.org.uk/publication/6427568802627584). The comparative risks to each species of collision with turbines and displacement from operational turbines were reviewed and scored separately, and the scores were multiplied by the bird density estimates to produce relative sensitivity maps.

This dataset contains maps of the location and temporal distribution of surface water from 1984 to 2021 and provides statistics on the extent and change of those water surfaces. For more information see the associated journal article: High-resolution mapping of global surface water and its long-term changes (Nature, 2016) and the online Data Users Guide. These data were generated using 4,716,475 scenes from Landsat 5, 7, and 8 acquired between 16 March 1984 and 31 December 2021. Each pixel was individually classified into water / non-water using an expert system and the results were collated into a monthly history for the entire time period and two epochs (1984-1999, 2000-2021) for change detection. This mapping layers product consists of 1 image containing 7 bands. It maps different facets of the spatial and temporal distribution of surface water over the last 38 years. Areas where water has never been detected are masked.

This is part of a series of 49 maps covering the whole of Australia and forms part of the International Map of the World map series.

At this scale 1 centimetre on the map represents 10 kilometres on the ground. Each map covers an area of six degrees of longitude and four degrees of latitude. The maps show roads, railways, hydrography, larger nature conservation reserves, outback homesteads. Seabed and land relief is shown by layer tints, spot heights and contours in metres. Contour interval is 500 metres, with an additional contour at 200 metres.

Product Specifications Coverage: Whole of Australia covered with 49 maps. National coverage first completed in 1975. Currency: Ranges from 1971 to 1983. Average 1976. Coordinates: Geographical. Datum: AGD66 (GDA94 compliant at this scale); AHD. Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic. Medium: Paper map, flat and folded. Status: These maps are no longer maintained. It is planned to produce a new series of maps from the converted 42 World Aeronautical Charts (WAC) series of maps produced in 2006. These maps are only available as a print on demand product.

This map can be purchased in either flat or folded format.

The Maritime Zone Notification (M.Z.N. 143.2019.LOS) states that on 28 March 2019, Australia deposited with the Secretary -General, pursuant to article 16, paragraph 2, of the Convention, lists of geographical coordinates of points, concerning the baselines for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea, as contained in the Seas and Submerged Lands (Territorial Sea Baseline) Proclamation 2016.

The lists of geographical coordinates of points are referenced to the World Geodetic System (WGS 84)

https://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/mzn_s/MZN_143_2019%28RELEASED%29.pdf

https://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/STATEFILES/AUS/Australia_TerritorialSeaBaseline2016.pdf

Global map of open permanent water bodies at 300m spatial resolution derived from the full ENVISAT-ASAR dataset between 2005 and 2010.

In an attempt to improve the characterization of inland water bodies in global LC products, a SAR-based approach has been implemented. Multi-temporal acquisitions of Envisat ASAR Wide Swath Mode with local gap fillers based on Image Mode and Global Monitoring Mode from the years 2005 to 2010, MERIS data and auxiliary datasets have been used to generate a single epoch map of permanent open water bodies at 300 m.

Static map of stable open water bodies at 300m spatial resolution resulting from a land/water classification based on Envisat ASAR, SRTM-SWBD and MERIS data. The water pixels of this map correspond to the class "Water Bodies" of the CCI-LC Maps.

The product consists of 3 layers:

Map land/permanent water classification at 300m spatial resolution. Legend : 1-Land, 2-Water,
NObsImsWS number of observations originating from the ASAR Wide Swath Mode + Image Monitoring Mode imagery,
NObsImsGM number of observations originating from the ASAR global monitoring mode imagery.

Advances in data availability, Earth observation technologies, and geospatial sciences have transformed our ability to map Global Surface Water Extents (GSWE). However, traditional GSWE mapping has been limited to static estimates, with more recent efforts focusing on annual averages and temporal attributes like frequency and occurrence of long-term variations. We harnessed remotely sensed Sentinel-2 based near real-time Dynamic World land cover product to produce the first public, routinely available 10-meter resolution global surface water datasets. Our key contribution is an Open Science operational framework to rapidly extract the latest available Dynamic World products every 2-5 days, run geospatial analytics, and create actionable water information for educators, researchers, and stakeholders at any scale of practical interest.

This dataset has been developed by the Hydrology & Hydroinformatics Innovation Lab at the University of Texas at Arlington, United States.

There are two types of boundary files: cartographic and digital. Cartographic boundary files portray the geographic areas using only the major land mass of Canada and its coastal islands. Digital boundary files portray the full extent of the geographic areas, including the coastal water area.