As of March 2025, there were a reported 5,426 data centers in the United States, the most of any country worldwide. A further 529 were located in Germany, while 523 were located in the United Kingdom. What is a data center? A data center is a network of computing and storage resources that enables the delivery of shared software applications and data. These facilities can house large amounts of critical and important data, and therefore are vital to the daily functions of companies and consumers alike. As a result, whether it is a cloud, colocation, or managed service, data center real estate will have increasing importance worldwide. Hyperscale data centers In the past, data centers were highly controlled physical infrastructures, but the cloud has since changed that model. A cloud data service is a remote version of a data center – located somewhere away from a company's physical premises. Cloud IT infrastructure spending has grown and is forecast to rise further in the coming years. The evolution of technology, along with the rapid growth in demand for data across the globe, is largely driven by the leading hyperscale data center providers.

Broadband availability is summarized at the census block level using the US Census Bureau's 2010 decennial census measurement areas. These data were compiled by Broadband Rhode Island (http://broadband.ri.gov) in support of the National Telecommunications and Infrastructure Administration (NTIA) State Broadband Initiative (http://www2.ntia.doc.gov/sbdd). Broadband is considered to be available within a census block if a facilities-based provider of broadband service currently serves at least one location within the block, or can provide broadband services of minimal characteristics to at least one location within the block within 7 - 10 business days. For each census block, the provider name and the respective technologies they provide are represented. In addition, general categories for maximum advertised upload and download speeds are also reported for most provider / technology type / census block combinations. These data were created in support of Broadband Rhode Island to depict broadband infrastructure and connectivity in Rhode Island. Optical Carrier - Fiber to the End User wireline broadband technology definition: "This refers to a fiber-optic-based broadband network. Fiber optic technology converts electrical signals carrying data to light and then sends the light through transparent glass fibers about the diameter of a human hair. Fiber has the capacity to transmit data at speeds surpassing any other broadband technology." (Definition credit: NTIA National Broadband Map Broadband Classroom, http://www.broadbandmap.gov/classroom/technology. Date last access: 2 October 2012.) "Broadband" refers to a high-speed, always-on connection to the Internet. For information to be included on the National Broadband Map, the technology must provide a two-way data transmission (to and from the Internet) with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (Kbps) downstream and at least 200 Kbps upstream to end users. (Source: NTIA, http://broadbandmap.gov/classroom, last date accessed: 27 September 2012). A ''broadband service'' is the provision, on either a commercial or non-commercial basis, of data transmission technology that provides two-way data transmission to and from the Internet with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (kbps) downstream and greater than 200 kbps upstream to end users, or providing sufficient capacity in a middle mile project to support the provision of broadband service to end-users within the project area. An "end user" of broadband service is a residential or business party, institution or State or local government entity that may use broadband service for its own purposes and that does not resell such service to other entities or incorporate such service into retail Internet-access services. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are not ''end users'' for this purpose. An entity is considered a "facilities based" provider of broadband service connections to end user locations if any of the following conditions are met: (1) It owns the portion of the physical facility that terminates at the end user location; (2) it obtains unbundled network elements (UNEs), special access lines, or other leased facilities that terminate at the end user location and provisions/equips them as broadband; or (3) it provisions/equips a broadband wireless channel to the end user location over licensed or unlicensed spectrum. A broadband service is considered "available" at an address if the provider does, or could, within a typical service interval (7 to 10 business days) without an extraordinary commitment of resources, provision two-way data transmission to and from the Internet with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (kbps) downstream and greater than 200 kbps upstream to end-users at that address. For more information regarding broadband in Rhode Island, please visit http://broadband.ri.gov.

Broadband availability is summarized at the census block level using the US Census Bureau's 2010 decennial census measurement areas. Broadband is considered to be available within a census block if a facilities-based provider of broadband service currently serves at least one location within the block, or can provide broadband services of minimal characteristics to at least one location within the block within 7 - 10 business days. For each census block, the provider name and the respective technologies they provide are represented. In addition, general categories for maximum advertised upload and download speeds are also reported for most provider / technology type / census block combinations. These data were compiled by Broadband Rhode Island () in support of the National Telecommunications and Infrastructure Administration (NTIA) State Broadband Initiative (http://www2.ntia.doc.gov/sbdd). These data were created in support of Broadband Rhode Island to depict broadband infrastructure and connectivity in Rhode Island. "Broadband" refers to a high-speed, always-on connection to the Internet. For information to be included on the National Broadband Map, the technology must provide a two-way data transmission (to and from the Internet) with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (Kbps) downstream and at least 200 Kbps upstream to end users. (Source: NTIA, http://broadbandmap.gov/classroom, last date accessed: 27 September 2012). A ''broadband service'' is the provision, on either a commercial or non-commercial basis, of data transmission technology that provides two-way data transmission to and from the Internet with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (kbps) downstream and greater than 200 kbps upstream to end users, or providing sufficient capacity in a middle mile project to support the provision of broadband service to end-users within the project area. An "end user" of broadband service is a residential or business party, institution or State or local government entity that may use broadband service for its own purposes and that does not resell such service to other entities or incorporate such service into retail Internet-access services. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are not ''end users'' for this purpose. An entity is considered a "facilities based" provider of broadband service connections to end user locations if any of the following conditions are met: (1) It owns the portion of the physical facility that terminates at the end user location; (2) it obtains unbundled network elements (UNEs), special access lines, or other leased facilities that terminate at the end user location and provisions/equips them as broadband; or (3) it provisions/equips a broadband wireless channel to the end user location over licensed or unlicensed spectrum. A broadband service is considered "available" at an address if the provider does, or could, within a typical service interval (7 to 10 business days) without an extraordinary commitment of resources, provision two-way data transmission to and from the Internet with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (kbps) downstream and greater than 200 kbps upstream to end-users at that address. For more information regarding broadband in Rhode Island, please visit http://broadband.ri.gov.

Broadband availability is summarized at the census block level using the US Census Bureau's 2010 decennial census measurement areas. These data were compiled by Broadband Rhode Island (http://broadband.ri.gov) in support of the National Telecommunications and Infrastructure Administration (NTIA) State Broadband Initiative (http://www2.ntia.doc.gov/sbdd). Broadband is considered to be available within a census block if a facilities-based provider of broadband service currently serves at least one location within the block, or can provide broadband services of minimal characteristics to at least one location within the block within 7 - 10 business days. For each census block, the provider name and the respective technologies they provide are represented. In addition, general categories for maximum advertised upload and download speeds are also reported for most provider / technology type / census block combinations. These data were created in support of Broadband Rhode Island to depict broadband infrastructure and connectivity in Rhode Island. Asymmetric xDSL wireline broadband technology definition: "Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) is a wireline transmission technology that transmits data over traditional copper telephone lines to homes and businesses. Users are able to connect to the high-speed Internet via a modem without disrupting their telephone service. DSL is the technology most commonly used by local telephone companies to provide high-speed data services. Asymmetric DSL, used primarily by residential consumers, typically provides faster download speed for receiving data than upstream speed for sending data. This means that it may be faster to download webpages, data or media than it would be to upload this information." (Definition credit: NTIA National Broadband Map Broadband Classroom, http://www.broadbandmap.gov/classroom/technology. Date last access: 2 October 2012.) "Broadband" refers to a high-speed, always-on connection to the Internet. For information to be included on the National Broadband Map, the technology must provide a two-way data transmission (to and from the Internet) with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (Kbps) downstream and at least 200 Kbps upstream to end users. (Source: NTIA, http://broadbandmap.gov/classroom, last date accessed: 27 September 2012). A ''broadband service'' is the provision, on either a commercial or non-commercial basis, of data transmission technology that provides two-way data transmission to and from the Internet with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (kbps) downstream and greater than 200 kbps upstream to end users, or providing sufficient capacity in a middle mile project to support the provision of broadband service to end-users within the project area. An "end user" of broadband service is a residential or business party, institution or State or local government entity that may use broadband service for its own purposes and that does not resell such service to other entities or incorporate such service into retail Internet-access services. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are not ''end users'' for this purpose. An entity is considered a "facilities based" provider of broadband service connections to end user locations if any of the following conditions are met: (1) It owns the portion of the physical facility that terminates at the end user location; (2) it obtains unbundled network elements (UNEs), special access lines, or other leased facilities that terminate at the end user location and provisions/equips them as broadband; or (3) it provisions/equips a broadband wireless channel to the end user location over licensed or unlicensed spectrum. A broadband service is considered "available" at an address if the provider does, or could, within a typical service interval (7 to 10 business days) without an extraordinary commitment of resources, provision two-way data transmission to and from the Internet with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (kbps) downstream and greater than 200 kbps upstream to end-users at that address. For more information regarding broadband in Rhode Island, please visit http://broadband.ri.gov.

Broadband availability is summarized at the census block level using the US Census Bureau's 2010 decennial census measurement areas. These data were compiled by Broadband Rhode Island (http://broadband.ri.gov) in support of the National Telecommunications and Infrastructure Administration (NTIA) State Broadband Initiative (http://www2.ntia.doc.gov/sbdd). Broadband is considered to be available within a census block if a facilities-based provider of broadband service currently serves at least one location within the block, or can provide broadband services of minimal characteristics to at least one location within the block within 7 - 10 business days. For each census block, the provider name and the respective technologies they provide are represented. In addition, general categories for maximum advertised upload and download speeds are also reported for most provider / technology type / census block combinations. These data were created in support of Broadband Rhode Island to depict broadband infrastructure and connectivity in Rhode Island. Cable Modem - Other wireline broadband technology definition: "Cable modem service enables high-speed Internet access using the same coaxial cables that deliver cable TV programming. Users can access the Internet without disrupting cable TV service. "Cable Modem - Other" refers to cable modems which utilize versions of DOCSIS (Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications) other than the current standard, DOCSIS 3.0." (Definition credit: NTIA National Broadband Map Broadband Classroom, http://www.broadbandmap.gov/classroom/technology. Date last access: 2 October 2012.) "Broadband" refers to a high-speed, always-on connection to the Internet. For information to be included on the National Broadband Map, the technology must provide a two-way data transmission (to and from the Internet) with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (Kbps) downstream and at least 200 Kbps upstream to end users. (Source: NTIA, http://broadbandmap.gov/classroom, last date accessed: 27 September 2012). A ''broadband service'' is the provision, on either a commercial or non-commercial basis, of data transmission technology that provides two-way data transmission to and from the Internet with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (kbps) downstream and greater than 200 kbps upstream to end users, or providing sufficient capacity in a middle mile project to support the provision of broadband service to end-users within the project area. An "end user" of broadband service is a residential or business party, institution or State or local government entity that may use broadband service for its own purposes and that does not resell such service to other entities or incorporate such service into retail Internet-access services. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are not ''end users'' for this purpose. An entity is considered a "facilities based" provider of broadband service connections to end user locations if any of the following conditions are met: (1) It owns the portion of the physical facility that terminates at the end user location; (2) it obtains unbundled network elements (UNEs), special access lines, or other leased facilities that terminate at the end user location and provisions/equips them as broadband; or (3) it provisions/equips a broadband wireless channel to the end user location over licensed or unlicensed spectrum. A broadband service is considered "available" at an address if the provider does, or could, within a typical service interval (7 to 10 business days) without an extraordinary commitment of resources, provision two-way data transmission to and from the Internet with advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per second (kbps) downstream and greater than 200 kbps upstream to end-users at that address. For more information regarding broadband in Rhode Island, please visit http://broadband.ri.gov.

This project develop components of a polar cyberinfrastructure (CI) to support researchers and users for data discovery and access. The main goal is to provide tools that will enable a better access to polar data and information, hence allowing to spend more time on analysis and research, and significantly less time on discovery and searching. A large-scale web crawler, PolarHub, is developed to continuously mine the Internet to discover dispersed polar data. Beside identifying polar data in major data repositories, PolarHub is also able to bring individual hidden resources forward, hence increasing the discoverability of polar data. Quality and assessment of data resources are analyzed inside of PolarHub, providing a key tool for not only identifying issues but also to connect the research community with optimal data resources.

In the current PolarHub system, seven different types of geospatial data and processing services that are compliant with OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) are supported in the system. They are: -- OGC Web Map Service (WMS): is a standard protocol for serving (over the Internet)georeferenced map images which a map server generates using data from a GIS database. -- OGC Web Feature Service (WFS): provides an interface allowing requests for geographical features across the web using platform-independent calls. -- OGC Web Coverage Service (WCS): Interface Standard defines Web-based retrieval of coverages; that is, digital geospatial information representing space/time-varying phenomena. -- OGC Web Map Tile Service (WMTS): is a standard protocol for serving pre-rendered georeferenced map tiles over the Internet. -- OGC Sensor Observation Service (SOS): is a web service to query real-time sensor data and sensor data time series and is part of theSensor Web. The offered sensor data comprises descriptions of sensors themselves, which are encoded in the Sensor Model Language (SensorML), and the measured values in the Observations and Measurements (O and M) encoding format. -- OGC Web Processing Service (WPS): Interface Standard provides rules for standardizing how inputs and outputs (requests and responses) for invoking geospatial processing services, such as polygon overlay, as a web service. -- OGC Catalog Service for the Web (CSW): is a standard for exposing a catalogue of geospatial records in XML on the Internet (over HTTP). The catalogue is made up of records that describe geospatial data (e.g. KML), geospatial services (e.g. WMS), and related resources.

PolarHub has three main functions: (1) visualization and metadata viewing of geospatial data services; (2) user-guided real-time data crawling; and (3) data filtering and search from PolarHub data repository.

The aim of this project was to map the impacts of information infrastructures (for example, data centers, internet exchanges, and fiber-optic cables). Though such networks are often described as immediate and immaterial, this research proposed that data transfer and storage actually have significant social, political, and ecological effects. Such impacts were investigated through fourteen months of ethnographic research (interviews and participant observation) in Reykjavík and Reykjanes, Iceland. A current hot spot for data center siting, doing research in Iceland offered an opportunity to study infrastructural development in motion, and investigate how it was promoted and perceived. Findings from this project are compiled in the dissertation: "Compromising Connections: Icelandic Information Infrastructure and the Making of Marginality"

This layer shows computer ownership and type of internet subscription. This is shown by tract, county, and state boundaries. This service is updated annually to contain the most currently released American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year data, and contains estimates and margins of error. There are also additional calculated attributes related to this topic, which can be mapped or used within analysis. This layer is symbolized to show the percentage of households with no internet connection. To see the full list of attributes available in this service, go to the "Data" tab, and choose "Fields" at the top right. Current Vintage: 2019-2023ACS Table(s): B28001, B28002 (Not all lines of ACS table B28002 are available in this feature layer)Data downloaded from: Census Bureau's API for American Community Survey Date of API call: December 12, 2024National Figures: data.census.govThe United States Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS):About the SurveyGeography & ACSTechnical DocumentationNews & UpdatesThis ready-to-use layer can be used within ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Online, its configurable apps, dashboards, Story Maps, custom apps, and mobile apps. Data can also be exported for offline workflows. For more information about ACS layers, visit the FAQ. Please cite the Census and ACS when using this data.Data Note from the Census:Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see Accuracy of the Data). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables.Data Processing Notes:This layer is updated automatically when the most current vintage of ACS data is released each year, usually in December. The layer always contains the latest available ACS 5-year estimates. It is updated annually within days of the Census Bureau's release schedule. Click here to learn more about ACS data releases.Boundaries come from the US Census TIGER geodatabases, specifically, the National Sub-State Geography Database (named tlgdb_(year)_a_us_substategeo.gdb). Boundaries are updated at the same time as the data updates (annually), and the boundary vintage appropriately matches the data vintage as specified by the Census. These are Census boundaries with water and/or coastlines erased for cartographic and mapping purposes. For census tracts, the water cutouts are derived from a subset of the 2020 Areal Hydrography boundaries offered by TIGER. Water bodies and rivers which are 50 million square meters or larger (mid to large sized water bodies) are erased from the tract level boundaries, as well as additional important features. For state and county boundaries, the water and coastlines are derived from the coastlines of the 2023 500k TIGER Cartographic Boundary Shapefiles. These are erased to more accurately portray the coastlines and Great Lakes. The original AWATER and ALAND fields are still available as attributes within the data table (units are square meters).The States layer contains 52 records - all US states, Washington D.C., and Puerto RicoCensus tracts with no population that occur in areas of water, such as oceans, are removed from this data service (Census Tracts beginning with 99).Percentages and derived counts, and associated margins of error, are calculated values (that can be identified by the "_calc_" stub in the field name), and abide by the specifications defined by the American Community Survey.Field alias names were created based on the Table Shells file available from the American Community Survey Summary File Documentation page.Negative values (e.g., -4444...) have been set to null, with the exception of -5555... which has been set to zero. These negative values exist in the raw API data to indicate the following situations:The margin of error column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute a standard error and thus the margin of error. A statistical test is not appropriate.Either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution.The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution, or in the upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A statistical test is not appropriate.The estimate is controlled. A statistical test for sampling variability is not appropriate.The data for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small.

This data set is a vector coverage of the Map of Natural Landscape and Permafrost Zones and the Net of Soil Temperature Meteorological Stations in Russia and Middle Asian Mountains(scale 1:4000000), published by the Russian Academy of Sciences Earth Cryosphere Institute and Institute for Phytochemical and Biological Problems in Earth ScienceThe original map was compiled by E. Melnikov and D.A. Gilichinsky.The digital map was created in Geograph, which is a Geographic Information System developed by the GIS Research Center, Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences. Data are available through FTP.

The locations of 1,879 coal mines and facilities, 8 uranium mines, and 1,965 mines and processing plants for 74 types of nonfuel minerals and materials are shown with symbols on both a large multicolored lithologic map and eight smaller maps. With the exception of certain commodities, such as gold, silver, gemstones, and coal, all mines and plants are shown for which production was reported or estimated in 1997. These localities account for most of the fuel and nonfuel minerals and materials produced in the United States in 1997, other than crushed stone, sand and gravel, and common clay. The poster-size map (Map I-2654) is available for purchase from the U.S. Geological Survey Map Distribution, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225. Internet versions of the map and seven commodity grouping maps that contain data for nonfuel minerals and materials are available. The information presented in the three data documents represents basic data about the 1,965 mines and processing plants shown on the map. Included in each of the three documents is company name, site name, State, county, commodity, and whether the location is a mine, processing plant, or both for each of the locations shown on the map. The data documents contain the basic data arranged by commodity, State, and county. For locations where multiple commodities are produced (for example, a mine that produces both gold and silver), the commodities are listed alphabetically. The value figure shows estimates of the value of nonfuel minerals produced in the United States in 1997. These estimates are presented in descending order by State.

The General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) consists of an international group of experts who work on the development of a range of bathymetric data sets and products. GEBCO operates under the joint auspices of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. See our web site for more information about GEBCO at https://www.gebco.net/. This service provides access to GEBCO's latest global bathymetric grid, GEBCO_2014, in the form of shaded relief imagery as layer 'GEBCO_LATEST'. It also provides access to imagery based on the Source Identifier (SID) Grid that accompanies the GEBCO_2014 Grid as GEBCO_LATEST_SID. The GEBCO_2014 Grid is a global grid of elevation data at 30 arc-second intervals. This data set is available as a Web Map Service (WMS) for use as imagery in your applications. The bathymetric portion of the grid was largely generated from a database of ship-track soundings with interpolation between soundings guided by satellite-derived gravity data. However, in areas where they improve on the existing GEBCO Grid, data sets generated by other methods have been included. Further information about the data sets included in the grid can be found in the documentation that accompanies the data set and is available from https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/ Within the GEBCO grid land elevation data is largely taken from the 30 arc-second version of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data set (SRTM30). Further details can be found in the data set's documentation. The imagery for land areas in this WMS, north of 60 degrees south, is largely taken from the NASA Blue Marble: Next Generation data set, produced by Reto Stockli, NASA Earth Observatory, the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/BlueMarble). For land areas south of 60 degrees south, coastline and ice shelf information is taken from the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) Antarctic Digital Database coastline dataset (http://www.add.scar.org). The GEBCO global grid is accompanied by a Source Identifier (SID) grid - this indicates which of the corresponding cells in the GEBCO grid are based on soundings or existing grids and which are interpolated. The SID grid accompanying the GEBCO_2014 Grid is available as a layer in this WMS, GEBCO_LATEST_SID. GEBCO's first gloabl 30 arc-second interval terrain model was the GEBCO_08 Grid, published in January 2009. The WMS layer generated for the 2010 version of the GEBCO_08 Grid is included as a layer, 'GEBCO_08', within this WMS to accommodate users of this existing WMS layer. Information on how to download the GEBCO's grids can be found at https://www.gebco.net/ Please note that GEBCO's grids are mainly deeper water data sets and do not contain detailed bathymetry in shallower water areas. This WMS has been developed by the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC) on behalf of the GEBCO community. If imagery from this WMS is included in web sites, reports and digital and printed imagery then we request that the source of the dataset is acknowledged and be of the form 'Imagery reproduced from the GEBCO Grid, version xxxxxx, www.gebco.net'. Where 'version xxxxxx' is the appropriate version number of the GEBCO Grid, given in the layer information below.

In Rhode Island, this category encompasses facilities-based providers that offer technologies such as Ethernet Over First Mile (EFM+) and T1 channels. Broadband availability is summarized at the census block level using the US Census Bureau's 2010 decennial census measurement areas. These data were compiled by Broadband Rhode Island (http://broadband.ri.gov) in support of the National Telecommunications and Infrastructure Administration (NTIA) State Broadband Initiative (http://www2.ntia.doc.gov/sbdd). Broadband is considered to be available within a census block if a facilities-based provider of broadband service currently serves at least one location within the block, or can provide broadband services of minimal characteristics to at least one location within the block within 7 - 10 business days. For each census block, the provider name and the respective technologies they provide are represented. In addition, general categories for maximum advertised upload and download speeds are also reported for most provider / technology type / census block combinations. These data were created in support of Broadband Rhode Island to depict broadband infrastructure and connectivity in Rhode Island. Number of wireline broadband providers that serve the census block using the technology type "Other Copper Wireline". Other Copper Wireline wireline broadband technology definition: "These are other technologies that use phone lines to transmit data. Examples include T-1 and ISDN lines." (Definition credit: NTIA National Broadband Map Broadband Classroom, http://www.broadbandmap.gov/classroom/technology.

The Barrow Area Information Database (BAID) data collection is comprised of geospatial data for the research hubs of Barrow, Atqasuk and Ivotuk on Alaska's North Slope. Over 9600 research plots and instrument locations are included in the BAID research sites database. Updates to the project tracking database are ongoing through field mapping of new research locations and extant sampling sites dating back to the 1940s. Many ancillary data layers are also compiled to facilitate research activities and science communication. These geospatial data sets have been compiled through BAID and related NSF efforts. Geospatial data unique to this project are currently browseable via the BAID archive and include shapefiles of research information (sampling sites and instrumentation, the NOAA-CMDL clean air sector), administrative units (Barrow Environmental Observatory Science Research District plus adjacent federal lands, village districts, zoning, tax parcels, and the Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation boundary), infrastructure (power poles, snow fences, roads), erosion data for Elson Lagoon and imagery (declassified military imagery, air photo mosaics, IKONOS, Landsat, Quickbird, SAR and flight line indexes). Related data sets can be browsed via BAID’s web mapping tools and downloaded via the “Related links” section below. In addition, the BAID Internet Map Server (BAID-IMS) provides browse access to a number of additional layers which are available for download through catalog pages at the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), the Alaska Geospatial Data Clearinghouse at USGS and the Alaska State Geo-Spatial Data Clearinghouse. Some layers are proprietary and are only available for browse access in BAID-IMS through special agreement. BAID provides a suite of user interfaces (Internet Map Server, Google Earth and Adobe Flex) and Open Geospatial Consortium web services for accessing the research plots and instrument locations. For more information on...

Village (Neighborhood) Boundaries across the Nation

The purpose of this site is to expose NASA satellite data and research on Arctic change in the form of maps that illustrate the changes taking place in the Arctic over time. A high-speed internet connection is recommended for map viewing. This site is presented with support from NASA Earth Sciences.

This layer shows computer ownership and internet access by age and race. This is shown by tract, county, and state boundaries. This service is updated annually to contain the most currently released American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year data, and contains estimates and margins of error. There are also additional calculated attributes related to this topic, which can be mapped or used within analysis. This layer is symbolized to show the percent of population age 18 to 64 in households with no computer. To see the full list of attributes available in this service, go to the "Data" tab, and choose "Fields" at the top right. Current Vintage: 2019-2023ACS Table(s): B28005, B28003, B28009B, B28009C, B28009D, B28009E, B28009F, B28009G, B28009H, B28009I Data downloaded from: Census Bureau's API for American Community Survey Date of API call: December 12, 2024National Figures: data.census.govThe United States Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS):About the SurveyGeography & ACSTechnical DocumentationNews & UpdatesThis ready-to-use layer can be used within ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Online, its configurable apps, dashboards, Story Maps, custom apps, and mobile apps. Data can also be exported for offline workflows. For more information about ACS layers, visit the FAQ. Please cite the Census and ACS when using this data.Data Note from the Census:Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see Accuracy of the Data). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables.Data Processing Notes:This layer is updated automatically when the most current vintage of ACS data is released each year, usually in December. The layer always contains the latest available ACS 5-year estimates. It is updated annually within days of the Census Bureau's release schedule. Click here to learn more about ACS data releases.Boundaries come from the US Census TIGER geodatabases, specifically, the National Sub-State Geography Database (named tlgdb_(year)_a_us_substategeo.gdb). Boundaries are updated at the same time as the data updates (annually), and the boundary vintage appropriately matches the data vintage as specified by the Census. These are Census boundaries with water and/or coastlines erased for cartographic and mapping purposes. For census tracts, the water cutouts are derived from a subset of the 2020 Areal Hydrography boundaries offered by TIGER. Water bodies and rivers which are 50 million square meters or larger (mid to large sized water bodies) are erased from the tract level boundaries, as well as additional important features. For state and county boundaries, the water and coastlines are derived from the coastlines of the 2023 500k TIGER Cartographic Boundary Shapefiles. These are erased to more accurately portray the coastlines and Great Lakes. The original AWATER and ALAND fields are still available as attributes within the data table (units are square meters).The States layer contains 52 records - all US states, Washington D.C., and Puerto RicoCensus tracts with no population that occur in areas of water, such as oceans, are removed from this data service (Census Tracts beginning with 99).Percentages and derived counts, and associated margins of error, are calculated values (that can be identified by the "_calc_" stub in the field name), and abide by the specifications defined by the American Community Survey.Field alias names were created based on the Table Shells file available from the American Community Survey Summary File Documentation page.Negative values (e.g., -4444...) have been set to null, with the exception of -5555... which has been set to zero. These negative values exist in the raw API data to indicate the following situations:The margin of error column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute a standard error and thus the margin of error. A statistical test is not appropriate.Either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution.The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution, or in the upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A statistical test is not appropriate.The estimate is controlled. A statistical test for sampling variability is not appropriate.The data for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small.

The SWRC operates the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in southeastern Arizona as an outdoor laboratory for studying semiarid rangeland hydrologic, ecosystem, climate, and erosion processes.Since its establishment in 1953, the Southwest Watershed Research Center (SWRC) in Tucson, Arizona, has collected, processed, managed, and disseminated highresolution, spatially distributed hydrologic data in support of the center’s mission. Data management at the SWRC has evolved through time in response to new computing, storage, and data access technologies. In 1996, the SWRC initiated a multiyear project to upgrade rainfall and runoff sensors and convert analog systems to digital electronic systems supported by data loggers. This conversion was coupled with radio telemetry to remotely transmit recorded data to a central computer, thus greatly reducing operational overhead by reducing labor, maintenance, and data processing time. A concurrent effort was initiated to improve access to SWRC data by creating a system based on a relational database supporting access to the data via the Internet. An SWRC team made up of scientists, IT specialists, programmers, hydrologic technicians, and instrumentation specialists was formed. This effort is termed the Southwest Watershed Research Center Data Access Project (DAP).The goal of the SWRC DAP is to efficiently disseminate data to researchers; land owners, users, and managers; and to the public. Primary access to the data is provided through a Web-based user interface. In addition, data can be accessed directly from within the SWRC network. The first priority for the DAP was to assimilate and make available rainfall and runoff data collected from two instrumented field sites, the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW) near Tombstone, Arizona, and the Santa Rita Experimental Range (SRER) south of Tucson, Arizona.