In 2022, China’s level of total investment reached around 43.5 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP). This value is expected to decrease gradually to 41.7 percent until 2028. Final consumption accounted for only 53.2 percent in 2022.

International comparison of total investments

The GDP of a country can be calculated by the expenditure approach, which sums up final consumption (private and public), total investment, and net exports. The ratio of consumption to investment may vary greatly between different countries.

Matured economies normally consume a larger share of their economic output. In the U.S. and many European countries, total investment ranges roughly at only 20 to 25 percent of the GDP. In comparison, some emerging economies reached levels of 30 to 40 percent of investment during times of rapid economic development.

Level of total investment in China

China is among the countries that spend the highest share of their GDP on investments. Between 1980 and 2000, 30 to 40 percent of its economic output were invested, roughly on par with South Korea or Japan. While the latter’s investment spending ratio decreased in later years, China’s even grew, especially after the global financial crisis, peaking at staggering 47 percent of GDP in 2011.

However, returns on those investments declined year by year, indicated by lower GDP growth rates. This resulted in a quickly growing debt burden, which reached nearly 300 percent of the GDP in 2022, up from only 139 percent in 2008. The Chinese government defined the goal to shift to consumption driven growth, but the transformation takes longer than expected.

Graph and download economic data for Shares of gross domestic product: Gross private domestic investment: Fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures (B009RE1Q156NBEA) from Q1 1947 to Q4 2024 about Shares of GDP, nonresidential, fixed, investment, domestic, private, GDP, and USA.

Key information about India Investment: % of GDP

• India Investment accounted for 34.7 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with a ratio of 32.8 % in the previous quarter.
• India investment share of Nominal GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Jun 2004 to Sep 2024, with an average ratio of 33.6 %.
• The data reached an all-time high of 41.2 % in Sep 2011 and a record low of 21.8 % in Jun 2020.

CEIC calculates Investment as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Nominal Gross Capital Formation and quarterly Nominal GDP. Gross Capital Formation is calculated as the sum of Gross Fixed Capital Formation, Changes in Stocks and Valuables. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation provides Nominal Gross Capital Formation in local currency and Nominal GDP in local currency, based on SNA 2008 at 2011-2012 prices. Investment as % of Nominal GDP prior to Q2 2011 is based on a combination of SNA 2008 and SNA 1993, at 2004-2005 prices.


Related information about India Investment: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, India GDP expanded 6.1 % YoY in Mar 2023.
• India Nominal GDP reached 873.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 4.1 % in Mar 2023.
• India GDP Per Capita reached 2,452.2 USD in Mar 2023.
• Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 30.2 % in Mar 2023.

Since the early 1990s, total investments in terms of share of gross domestic product (GDP) was highest in China, reaching over 40 percent of the country's GDP in 2023. This comes as China has seen substantial economic growth over the last decades, attracting investors. In India, the country with the second highest share, investments reached over 30 percent of its GDP.

Key information about United States Investment: % of GDP

• United States Investment accounted for 20.7 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2023, compared with a ratio of 21.3 % in the previous quarter.
• US investment share of Nominal GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1947 to Mar 2023, with an average ratio of 22.3 %.
• The data reached an all-time high of 25.4 % in Dec 1978 and a record low of 16.1 % in Jun 1947.

CEIC calculates Investment as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Nominal Gross Capital Formation and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Bureau of Economic Analysis provides Nominal Gross Capital Formation in USD and Nominal GDP in USD. Seasonally adjusted auxiliary series is used since non-seasonally adjusted data is unavailable from the source.


Related information about United States Investment: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, US GDP expanded 1.8 % YoY in Mar 2023.
• US Nominal GDP reached 6,632.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 5.3 % in Mar 2023.
• US GDP Per Capita reached 59,484.0 USD in Dec 2017.
• Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 16.0 % in Mar 2023.

This indicator shows the investment for the total economy, government, business as well as household sectors. The indicator gives the share of GDP that is used for gross investment (rather than being used for e.g. consumption or exports). It is defined as gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) expressed as a percentage of GDP for the government, business and households sectors. GFCF consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals of fixed assets plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by productive activity, such as improvements to land. Fixed assets comprise, for example, dwellings, other buildings and structures (roads, bridges etc.), machinery and equipment, but also intangible assets such as computer software and other intellectual property.

The total investment as a share of the GDP in Mexico was forecast to decrease between 2024 and 2029 by in total 0.2 percentage points. This overall decrease does not happen continuously, notably not in 2026. According to this forecast, in 2029, the share will have decreased for the third consecutive year to 24.53 percent. This indicator describes the ratio of total investment in current local currency and GDP in current local currency. The International Monetary Fund defines the total investment as the overall value of the gross fixed capital formation aswell as changes in inventories and acquisitions less disposals of valuables. The gross domestic product, on the other hand, represents the total value of final goods and services produced during a year.Find more statistics on other topics about Mexico with key insights such as annual change of the general government primary net lending, the general government structural balance, and the ratio of government revenue to the gross domestic product (GDP).

Graph and download economic data for Contributions to percent change in real gross domestic product: Gross private domestic investment: Change in private inventories (A014RY2Q224SBEA) from Q2 1947 to Q4 2024 about contributions, inventories, investment, domestic, percent, private, real, GDP, and USA.

Key information about Argentina Investment: % of GDP

• Argentina Investment accounted for 18.4 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with a ratio of 12.7 % in the previous quarter.
• Argentina investment share of Nominal GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1993 to Sep 2024, with an average ratio of 17.6 %.
• The data reached an all-time high of 22.8 % in Mar 1998 and a record low of 7.9 % in Jun 2020.

CEIC calculates Investment as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Nominal Gross Capital Formation and quarterly Nominal GDP. Gross Capital Formation is calculated as the sum of Gross Fixed Capital Formation and Changes in Inventories. The National Institute of Statistics and Censuses provides annualized Nominal Gross Capital Formation in local currency and annualized Nominal GDP in local currency. Investment as % of Nominal GDP prior to Q1 2004 is sourced from the International Monetary Fund.


Related information about Argentina Investment: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Argentina GDP expanded 1.2 % YoY in Mar 2023.
• Argentina Nominal GDP reached 150.8 USD bn in Mar 2023.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 94.1 % in Mar 2023.
• Argentina GDP Per Capita reached 13,659.4 USD in Dec 2022.
• Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 11.0 % in Mar 2023.

The total investment as a share of the GDP in Colombia was forecast to increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 2.2 percentage points. This overall increase does not happen continuously, notably not in 2028. The share is estimated to amount to 16 percent in 2029. This indicator describes the ratio of total investment in current local currency and GDP in current local currency. The International Monetary Fund defines the total investment as the overall value of the gross fixed capital formation aswell as changes in inventories and acquisitions less disposals of valuables. The gross domestic product, on the other hand, represents the total value of final goods and services produced during a year.Find more statistics on other topics about Colombia with key insights such as the gross domestic product (GDP) at PPP, the current account balance, and the gross domestic product by fiscal year.

The total investment as a share of the GDP in Brazil was forecast to continuously decrease between 2024 and 2029 by in total 0.3 percentage points. According to this forecast, in 2029, the share will have decreased for the eighth consecutive year to 15.58 percent. This indicator describes the ratio of total investment in current local currency and GDP in current local currency. The International Monetary Fund defines the total investment as the overall value of the gross fixed capital formation aswell as changes in inventories and acquisitions less disposals of valuables. The gross domestic product, on the other hand, represents the total value of final goods and services produced during a year.Find more statistics on other topics about Brazil with key insights such as the average inflation rate, the annual inflation rate of end of period consumer prices, and the budget balance in relation to the GDP.

Graph and download economic data for Gross Private Domestic Investment (NC000335Q) from Q1 2002 to Q4 2024 about investment, gross, domestic, private, GDP, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Shares of gross domestic product: Government consumption expenditures and gross investment (A822RE1A156NBEA) from 1929 to 2024 about Shares of GDP, investment, gross, consumption expenditures, consumption, government, GDP, and USA.

Key information about Sweden Investment: % of GDP

• Sweden Investment accounted for 24.0 % of its Nominal GDP in Jun 2024, compared with a ratio of 25.1 % in the previous quarter.
• Sweden investment share of Nominal GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1980 to Jun 2024, with an average ratio of 22.9 %.
• The data reached an all-time high of 29.3 % in Dec 1989 and a record low of 17.0 % in Sep 1993.

CEIC calculates Investment as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Nominal Gross Capital Formation and quarterly Nominal GDP. Statistics Sweden provides Nominal Gross Capital Formation in local currency and Nominal GDP in local currency.


Related information about Sweden Investment: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Sweden GDP expanded 0.8 % YoY in Mar 2023.
• Sweden Nominal GDP reached 145.3 USD bn in Mar 2023.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 7.9 % in Mar 2023.
• Sweden GDP Per Capita reached 61,413.2 USD in Dec 2021.
• Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 29.3 % in Jun 2024.

Key information about Japan Investment: % of GDP

• Japan Investment accounted for 25.7 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with a ratio of 26.6 % in the previous quarter.
• Japan investment share of Nominal GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1980 to Dec 2024, with an average ratio of 26.9 %.
• The data reached an all-time high of 34.0 % in Dec 1990 and a record low of 21.1 % in Jun 2010.

CEIC calculates Investment as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Nominal Gross Capital Formation and quarterly Nominal GDP. Economic and Social Research Institute provides Nominal Gross Capital Formation in local currency and Nominal GDP in local currency, based on SNA 2008 with benchmark year 2015. Investment as % of Nominal GDP prior to Q1 1994 is based on SNA 1993 with benchmark year 2000.


Related information about Japan Investment: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Japan GDP expanded 1.8 % YoY in Mar 2023.
• Japan Nominal GDP reached 1,080.1 USD bn in Mar 2023.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 1.7 % in Mar 2023.
• Japan GDP Per Capita reached 33,906.0 USD in Dec 2022.
• Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 28.8 % in Mar 2022.

Graph and download economic data for Real Gross Private Domestic Investment (B006RO1Q156NBEA) from Q1 1948 to Q4 2024 about investment, gross, domestic, private, real, GDP, rate, and USA.

The total investment as a share of the GDP in Guatemala was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 1.2 percentage points. According to this forecast, in 2029, the share will have increased for the fifth consecutive year to 17.5 percent. This indicator describes the ratio of total investment in current local currency and GDP in current local currency. The International Monetary Fund defines the total investment as the overall value of the gross fixed capital formation aswell as changes in inventories and acquisitions less disposals of valuables. The gross domestic product, on the other hand, represents the total value of final goods and services produced during a year.Find more key insights for the total investment as a share of the GDP in countries like Honduras, Panama, and Nicaragua.

Graph and download economic data for Net domestic investment: Private: Households and institutions (W791RC1Q027SBEA) from Q1 1960 to Q4 2024 about investment, domestic, Net, households, private, GDP, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Contributions to percent change in GDPNow: Real Change of Inventory Investment (CHNGNETINVENTCONTRIBNOW) from Q2 2014 to Q1 2025 about contributions, inventories, investment, real, GDP, and USA.

Uzbekistan had the highest ratio of investment to gross domestic product (GDP) among the presented Eurasian countries in 2024, at almost 35 percent. It was followed by Kazakhstan, where gross capital formation at market prices comprised approximately 28.5 percent of GDP.