The number of initial public offerings (IPOs) on the London Stock Exchange fluctuated significantly between 2010 and 2025. The number of IPOs reached a total of *** in 2021, the second-highest figure recorded since a peak of *** in 2014. However, it witnessed a significant decline in the following years, with only ** IPOs recorded in 2024. As of March 2025, the number further decreased to *, indicating a similar trend when compared to the previous year.

In total, the number of initial public offerings (IPOs) on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) in 2024 was **, less than the number of IPOs of 2023. Among these, more than half of the IPOs took place on the alternative investment market (AIM).

In terms of new money raised, the largest initial public offering (IPO) on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) as of April 2025 was that of Glencore Intl Plc, which raised approximately *** billion British pounds. The second largest was Rosneft OJSC, which brought in almost *** billion British pounds.

2023 saw a total of ** initial public offerings (IPOs) on the London Stock Exchange (LSE), compared to ** in the previous year, with a total market capitalization on admission of *** billion British pounds. While the largest admission in 2023 was by Amicorp FS (UK) plc, the all-time largest admission onto the LSE was by Glencore International plc in 2011. An Initial Public Offering (IPO) is the first time that a company's stock is sold to the public in the organized capital market.

The total value of initial public offerings (IPOs) on the London stock exchange's main market and alternative investment market (AIM) fluctuated significantly between 2019 and 2022. During 2021, both the main market and the alternative investment market (AIM) reached new heights, with IPOs reaching a combined value of over ** billion and over ***** billion British pounds, respectively.

United Kingdom Number of New Issues: IPOs data was reported at 8.000 Unit in Nov 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.000 Unit for Oct 2018. United Kingdom Number of New Issues: IPOs data is updated monthly, averaging 3.000 Unit from Jan 2018 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.000 Unit in Jul 2018 and a record low of 1.000 Unit in Sep 2018. United Kingdom Number of New Issues: IPOs data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by London Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.Z012: London Stock Exchange: Number of Issues and Cancellations.

A monthly-updated list of all financial transactions spending made by the Intellectual Property Office, as part of the Government's commitment to transparency in expenditure.

The Gender pay gap legislation was introduced in April 2017 and is statutory requirement for all organisations (with 250 or more employees) to report annually on their gender pay gap.

This report sets out where the IPO fulfils the reporting requirements. It analyses the figures in more detail and explains what we are doing to close the gender pay gap in the organisation.

You can also explore this data on a https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Viewing/search-results?_ga=2.217888278.1658900903.1597042805-713893359.1576830614" class="govuk-link">dashboard export all https://data.gov.uk/dataset/gender-pay-gap" class="govuk-link">national gender pay gap data.

As of April 2024, money raised through initial public offerings (IPOs) on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) amounted to ***** million British pounds, a significant decrease compared to the previous year. New listings on the International Market of the LSE accounted for more than ** percent of the total money raised through IPOs on the LSE in 2024. In fact, Air Astana Joint Stock Company, the only listing in the international market, emerged as the largest contributor to LSE in terms of money raised.

Explore our in-depth industry assessment on IPOs and discover the critical insights into 'What's Missing.' Uncover gaps, challenges, and opportunities. Read More

As of December 2024, the largest IPO in the UK took place in 2011 by Glencore International, the world's largest natural resource company headquartered in Baar, Switzerland, with a total market capitalization at IPO of ** billion British pounds.

Guide to offences

Stock and commodity exchanges can benefit from various sources of revenue, ranging from fees charged through the purchasing and selling of stocks and commodities to the listing of companies on exchanges with IPOs. Yet, this hasn't meant exchanges have been free of challenges, with many companies looking to more attractive overseas markets in countries like the US that embrace stronger growth. The most notable culprits have been ARM and CRH, refusing to put up with the increasingly cheaper valuations offered by UK stock exchanges. Stock and commodity exchange revenue is expected to boom at a compound annual rate of 11.5% over the five years through 2024-25 to £15.4 billion. Boosted by the London Stock Exchange Group's Refinitiv purchase in 2021-22, the growth numbers seem inflated. The industry saw ample consolidations, aided by MiFID II's initiation in 2018. However, M&As have now decreased because of high borrowing costs. New reporting demands have bumped up regulatory costs, resulting in thinner profits. Banks, aligning with Basel IV, are pulling back on investments. Post-COVID market turbulence fuelled trades, but it's slowing down with economic stabilisation. The inflation slowdown pushes investors towards higher-value securities, boosting trade value despite lower volumes. The weak pound has been beneficial for revenue, especially for the LSEG, bolstered by dollar-earning companies in the FTSE 100. Stock and commodity exchange industry revenue is expected to show a moderate increase of 1.3% in 2024-25. Revenue is forecast to climb at a compound annual rate of 4.1% over the five years through 2029-30 to £18.8 billion. The cautious descent of interest rates from the Bank of England will slow down volatility and ensure greater business confidence in the UK. This will bring back up consolidation activity to support revenue growth, reviving the digital information and exchange markets. The most pressing concern for the industry will be potential limitations on access to the EEA for the clearing segment of the industry, which could shatter short-term growth and keep the tap running for companies exiting UK exchanges.

In line with Government guidelines issued at the beginning of 2009, the Intellectual Property Office is required to pay 80% of all It's undisputed supplier Invoices within 5 days of receipt. This is to ensure good practice and cash flow is kept between us and our suppliers.

In 2024, the largest initial public offering (IPO) on the London Stock Exchange involved the stock market debut of Aoti, Inc. In June 2024, Aoti, Inc. had an opening market capitalization of *** million British pounds. Aberforth Geared Value & Income Trust Plc had the second-largest IPO of the year, reaching a market capitalization of *** million British pounds.

Companies in the Investment Banking industry provide financial advisory services, offering their insight on IPOs, M&As and equity and debt security underwriting activity. Competition has been fierce in recent years, with a flood of boutique firms entering the industry as bankers look for healthier rewards than those offered by the more regulated larger investment banks. Growing M&A and IPO activity before 2022-23 ramped up demand for investment banking services, although this momentum lost speed in 2022-23 as access to cheap capital ended. Revenue is expected to contract at a compound annual rate of 8.1% over the five years through 2025-26 to £8 billion, including an expected drop of 0.5% in 2025-26. Profit is also expected to edge downwards in 2025, though it remains high. Capital market activity surged at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, lifting demand for investment banking services as governments and large international businesses across the world raised capital to fund fiscal stimuli and maintain cash flow levels. The boom in debt and equity markets showed no sign of slowing the next year, with IPO and M&A activity reaching record levels in 2021-22, driving demand for investment bankers’ services. However, in the two years through 2023-24, M&A activity plummeted thanks to rising interest rates, mounting geopolitical tensions and a gloomy economic outlook, which put companies off from seeking takeovers. In 2024-25, M&A activity fared better than IPOs, welcoming improvements in consumer confidence amid interest rate cuts, aiding revenue growth. However, IPOs continued on their downward trajectory as geopolitical uncertainty and high interest rates resulted in many companies delaying listings. Over 2025-26, M&A activity is forecast to continue to climb, but IPO activity may stall as Trump's tariff announcements erode investor sentiment, weighing on revenue growth. Revenue is anticipated to grow at a compound annual rate of 4.5% over the five years through 2030-31 to £10 billion. Deal activity is set to build as lower interest rates make leveraged transactions more attractive. Competition will remain fierce, driving technological innovation as investment banks try to improve decision-making processes and scale operations through the use of AI. Still, strong competition from overseas exchanges, like the S&P 500 in the US, will dent UK IPO activity in the coming years as companies move away from UK listings and the lacklustre valuations they offer, weighing on revenue growth.

The Patents, Designs and Trade Marks, 2010: Secure Access dataset includes details on applications to the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for patents, designs and trade marks by businesses or individuals.

The patent file holds the main information for all patents in Great Britain attained through the Department of Business, Innovation and Skills' Optics extract in June/July 2010. The file includes patent applications filed between 1978 and 2009. There should be no multiple observations due to the uniqueness and single occurrence of an application number within these datasets. A patent can have more than one IPC classification, depending on how many purposes it fulfils.

The trade mark analysable dataset was created using the trade mark licensee data, which relates to trademarks applied for with the IPO. The data were extracted in July 2010 and include applications filed between 1876 and 2010. The licensee data is that provided to the IPO's external customers and holds the same information as contained within the IPO website. This dataset represents one of four relating to trade marks; this covers all trade marks applied for within the UK - there are three other datasets relating to trade marks applied for via the Madrid UK/Madrid EP agreements and Office of Harmonization for the Internal Market.

The UK design data represent all designs applied for with the IPO between 1974 and 2010. The data were extracted in May 2010.

The patent, design and trade mark data provided are readily available from online sources. The data are provided for Secure Access so that users can link the data to Secure Access business surveys using Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) reference numbers, which are anonymous but unique reference numbers assigned to business organisations. Other Secure Access business surveys with which users may wish to combine the IPO data include the Annual Respondents Database (SN 6644), the UK Innovation Survey (SN 6699), and the Business Expenditure on Research and Development survey (SN 6690).

In preparing the patent, design and trade mark data for release, certain variables that can lead to the identification of businesses or individuals on the IPO website have been anonymised. These variables include applicant numbers, application numbers and design numbers.

The patent data include postcodes for a proportion of the applicants. The trade mark data include the country of the proprietor. The design data include no spatial units.

For Secure Lab projects applying for access to this study as well as to SN 6697 Business Structure Database and/or SN 7683 Business Structure Database Longitudinal, only postcode-free versions of the data will be made available.