In 2023, preliminary figures showed that the gross domestic product (GDP) from iron ore mining in Indonesia amounted to around 272 trillion Indonesian rupiah. In comparison to the previous year, the GDP from iron ore mining in Indonesia increased by about 29 trillion Indonesian rupiah.

Canada GDP: 2002p: saar: MO: Mining: Metal Ore: Iron Ore data was reported at 448.000 CAD mn in Oct 2012. This records a decrease from the previous number of 476.000 CAD mn for Sep 2012. Canada GDP: 2002p: saar: MO: Mining: Metal Ore: Iron Ore data is updated monthly, averaging 569.000 CAD mn from Jan 1997 (Median) to Oct 2012, with 190 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 805.000 CAD mn in Mar 2000 and a record low of 247.000 CAD mn in Sep 2004. Canada GDP: 2002p: saar: MO: Mining: Metal Ore: Iron Ore data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Canada. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.A060: CSNA 1997: GDP: by Industry: 2002 Price: saar. Annualized monthly data

Iron Ore Market size was valued at USD 339.79 Billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 420.59 Billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 2.59 % during the forecasted period 2024 to 2030.

Global Iron Ore Market Drivers

The market drivers for the Iron Ore Market can be influenced by various factors. These may include:

Industrial Production and Infrastructure Development: Steel, a vital component of many sectors like construction, automotive, machinery, and infrastructure, is made from iron ore, a crucial raw material. Thus, the degree of infrastructural development and industrial activity has a big impact on the demand for iron ore, especially in growing economies like China and India.

Steel Production and Consumption: Global trends in steel production and consumption are intimately related to the demand for iron ore. The demand for steel is mostly driven by urbanisation, economic expansion, and construction activity. This, in turn, affects the demand for iron ore.

Global Economic Conditions: The demand for steel and, by extension, iron ore, is directly impacted by economic factors such as GDP growth rates, industrial output, and consumer expenditure. Economic downturns may cause a decline in the demand for steel and iron ore as well as a reduction in industrial activity.

Chinese Steel Industry Dynamics: China makes up a sizable amount of the world's demand for iron ore, making it the country that consumes the most of the resource worldwide. As a result, the iron ore market is greatly impacted by the laws, rules, and economic developments in China's steel sector as well as by the government's intentions for infrastructure spending.

Supply-Side Factors: Production disruptions (like mine closures, labour strikes, or unfavourable weather), adjustments to production capacity, technological advancements in mining methods, and exploration efforts that uncover new ore deposits are some of the factors that impact the supply of iron ore.

Canada GDP: 2007p: saar: MO: Mining & Quarrying: Metal Ore: Iron Ore data was reported at 2,368.000 CAD mn in Aug 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,242.000 CAD mn for Jul 2018. Canada GDP: 2007p: saar: MO: Mining & Quarrying: Metal Ore: Iron Ore data is updated monthly, averaging 1,684.000 CAD mn from Jan 1997 (Median) to Aug 2018, with 260 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,596.000 CAD mn in Apr 2017 and a record low of 682.000 CAD mn in Sep 2004. Canada GDP: 2007p: saar: MO: Mining & Quarrying: Metal Ore: Iron Ore data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Canada. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.A053: CSNA 2012: GDP: by Industry: 2007 Price: saar.

In 2019, the mining and metallurgy sector accounted for 2.4 percent of the Brazilian gross domestic product (GDP), the same figure reported a year earlier. That year, the metallurgy segment had the highest contribution, adding up to 1.4 percent. Meanwhile, mineral extraction accounted for 0.6 percent of Brazil's GDP.

Brazil's iron ore exports surpassed 30 billion U.S. dollars in 2023. This was an increase of some 5.8 percent in comparison to the previous year. During the period in consideration, Brazilian exports of iron ore reached a record high of nearly 45 billion U.S. dollars in 2021. China is by far the leading destination for Brazilian iron ore exports.

New Zealand’s mining sector contributes significantly to its economy. In the year ended March 2024, the gross domestic product (GDP) of the mining industry amounted to approximately 2.2 billion New Zealand dollars. Resources such as coal, iron ore, gold, and silver are mined by the thousands of people directly employed in that industry. Coal mining Coal is found in specific regions of the country including Waikato and Taranaki in the North Island, and the West Coast, Otago, and Southland in the South Island. West Coast mines were responsible for the largest amount of coal produced in the country. Coal is used as a primary energy source in New Zealand, however, a large volume of the coal mined was exported. Coal exports have been declining over the past seven years, with the production volume of coal significantly lower compared to a decade ago. New Zealand’s gold rush While New Zealand’s gold production fell well short of its neighbor Australia, the country was still among the leading gold mining nations in the Asia Pacific region. The Macraes Mine, located in the South Island of New Zealand, produced the highest volume of gold in 2023. Nevertheless, gold production has decreased overall in the country over the last decade.

Canada GDP: CL 2017p: saar: MO: MQ: ME: Iron Ore data was reported at 4,438.000 CAD mn in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,411.000 CAD mn for Nov 2024. Canada GDP: CL 2017p: saar: MO: MQ: ME: Iron Ore data is updated monthly, averaging 1,920.500 CAD mn from Jan 1997 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 336 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,623.000 CAD mn in Sep 2018 and a record low of 737.000 CAD mn in Sep 2004. Canada GDP: CL 2017p: saar: MO: MQ: ME: Iron Ore data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Canada. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.A030: CSMA: GDP by Industry: Chain Linked 2017 Price: saar.

In 2023, preliminary figures showed the GDP from manufactures of basic metals in Indonesia was about 196 trillion Indonesian rupiah. Indonesia is a major producer of nickel in the global market and has many mines of other minerals besides nickel, such as copper, bauxite, iron ore, coal, and gold.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at basic prices, by various North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) aggregates, volume measures, lowest industry levels only, (dollars x 1,000,000), annual average, 5 most recent time periods.

Iron ore mining in South Africa employed 22,976 people in 2022. This was the largest number of people employed by the South African iron ore mining industry since 2014.

The mining industry is an important part of the South African economy. As of 2022, the industry contributed 493.8 billion South African rand to the country's GDP and employed a total of 475,561 people.

Within its sector the pig iron industry needs to be differentiated economically especially from the streel industry because there is much interdependence on an operational level. After the systematical list of goods for the contemporary industry statistics (edition 1970, Stuttgart und Mainz, S. 37 f.) the furnace industry (synonymous term for pig iron industry) is responsible for the production of pig iron and ferroalloys but not for the production of pig steel. This definition is based on metallurgic and technological reasons. Pig iron is an intermediate product in the transformation process between iron ore and roll steel. Pig iron itself cannot be rolled or forges therefor it is not a usable product in the terms of the steel industry. Another important differentiation needs to be made in contrast to the sector of foundries; this distinction is not that easy. In terms of metallurgy pig iron is not an entirely new product after repeated fusing and shedding in casting molds. But again an economic distinction can be made: pig iron is an intermediate product which is an economically usable finished product only after fusing. The pig iron industry can therefore be defined as an industry which produces pure primary products for foundries and steelworks. The geographical survey area is the German customs territory which basically includes the German Reich and the grand duchy of Luxemburg. Concerning the temporal differentiation there is a field of tension between political and economic history. 1871 was the year if the foundation of the Reich but economically this is no special date. A more sensible start from an economic point of view would be 1873 as a peak in industrial expansion. But 1871 is a very commonly used date for starting an investigation period of the German Reich. So for pragmatic reason we use 1871 as the starting year. The study is subdivided into two main topics. In the first part the growth of pig iron industry is decomposed in its components and explained in an inter-sectoral way using a neoclassical production model of growth. The necessary inter-sectoral analysis of this growth is undertaken in the second part of the study.

Register of tables in HISTAT:

01 Trade union density of pig iron workers 1907-1913 02 Development of pig iron production in tons 03 Number of factories and production per factory in tons. 04 Use of iron ore, slag and scrap metal in tons 05 Use of limestones and other aggregates in tons
06 Comparison of consumption between charcoal and coke in melting a ton of pig iron 1881-1896 07 Coke consumption per ton of pig iron in the four different governmental districts of the Rhine province, 1871-1909 08 Coke consumption per ton of pig iron in chosen governmental districts of Hanover Province, 1871-1905 09 Coke consumption per ton of pig iron in the governmental district Oppeln 10 Coke consumption of three Prussian provinces and in the customs territory per ton of pig iron 11 Use of coke in tons 12 Use of railway transport services in million ton kilometers 13 Labor input 14 Development of labor productivity and capital intensity 15 Furnace statistics 16 Capital Stock (= capacity in 1000 tons). 17 Value of production in 1000 Mark. 18 Development of the German average prices for 1 ton of pig iron 19 Development of German average prices of iron ore for 1 ton of ore 20 Costs of ore in 1000 Mark 21 Development of German lime prices for 1 ton of limestone 22 Surcharge costs in 1000 Mark 23 Development of German coke prices (Dortmund-Essener exchange trade price for 1 ton of furnace coke) 24 Costs of energy in 1000 Mark 25 Material transport costs per ton of iron pig in Mark 26 Costs of transport in 1000 Mark 27 Average yearly wages of furnace workers in the Rhineland and Westphalia in Mark 28 Average yearly wages of furnace workers in the government district of Oppeln in Mark 29 Average yearly per capita income in of employees in the pig iron industry in Mark 30 Wage costs in 1000 Mark 31Development of raw profit in 1000 Mark 32 Development of per-unit profit 33 Cost structure of the pig iron industry in 1000 Mark absolute values and relative to the value of production 34 Development of total factor productivity 40 Share of the value of the pig iron industry of the GDP in market prices of 1913, absolute in million Mark and in percent. 41 Share of employees in the pig iron industry of the total number of employees in percent. 42 Pig iron production by types in tons 54 Most important competition prices for German foundry pig iron in Mark per ton 1866-1913 55 Most important competition prices for German steel pig iron in Mark per ton 1887-1913

(UNCLASSIFIED) In 2013, Liberia’s economy saw an 8.1 percent real GDP growth. This growth was mainly due to the increased mining sector activities. Despite this growth, unemployment issues remain. A largely uneducated youth population has caused a lot of contract jobs to be filled from outside of the country. Liberia’s service sectors account for 42 percent of Liberia’s total GDP. The government of Liberia has focused on infrastructure development in order to help diversify economic output particularly in the agricultural and industrial sectors. Infrastructure development is seen as a critical need for Liberia to sustain its economic growth and development. Finding the money necessary for infrastructure development will be a major issue for Liberia’s government. The July 2014 Ebola outbreak has resulted in a sharp disruption of economic activities across all sectors. Manufacturing Sector:The manufacturing sector saw a 13 percent expansion in 2013. Cement output production increased by nearly 50 percent. This was due to an increase in local construction as Liberia continues to recover from two civil wars. High costs in energy generation and limited supplies hinder the manufacturing sector as the output products are cost prohibitive to the local population. Other manufacturing products include candles, rubbing alcohol, and mattress production. Industrial and mining sector:Liberia has large amounts of metallic and non-metallic minerals such as gold, diamond, iron ore and oil. Iron ore production has seen large increases since 2012. These increases are in large part due to the China Union iron ore exports and the increased production by Arcelor Mittal. Both of these corporations have begun or restored portions of Liberia’s railways and roads to increase their export operations. Foreign interest in the iron ore sector led to US $7.6 billion in direct investment into Liberia. Investment and work production has slowed in the iron ore sector as Arcelor Mittal has reported disruptions in its expansion project as contractors have moved people out of Liberia due to the Ebola outbreak. The mining sector accounted for 10 percent of the country’s GDP in 2013. While historically the mining sector was based upon small artisanal mining, large foreign corporations are beginning to shift towards larger mining operations. Timber exports have also increased by 5 percent in 2013.Attribute Table Field DescriptionsISO3 - International Organization for Standardization 3-digit country code ADM0_NAME - Administration level zero identification / name ADM1_NAME - Administration level one identification / name ADM2_NAME - Administration level two identification / name NAME - Name of commercial institution TYPE - Primary classification in the geodatabase TYPE2 - Secondary classification in the geodatabase CITY - City location available SPA_ACC - Spatial accuracy of site location (1 – high, 2 – medium, 3 – low) COMMENTS - Comments or notes regarding commercial institution SOURCE_DT - Source one creation date SOURCE - Source one SOURCE2_DT - Source two creation date SOURCE2 - Source two CollectionThis feature class was generated utilizing data from Wikimapia, Google, OpenStreetMap, GeoNames, Wikimapia and other sources. Wikimapia is open-content mapping focused on gathering all geographical objects in the world. OpenStreetMap is a free worldwide map, created by crowd-sourcing while GeoNames is a geographical places database maintained and edited by the online community. Consistent naming conventions for geographic locations were attempted but name variants may exist which can include historical or less widespread interpretations.The data included herein have not been derived from a registered survey and should be considered approximate unless otherwise defined. While rigorous steps have been taken to ensure the quality of each dataset, DigitalGlobe is not responsible for the accuracy and completeness of data compiled from outside sources.Sources (HGIS)DigitalGlobe, "DigitalGlobe Imagery Archive." Accessed October 2, 2014. “Monrovia Visitors Map 2014 Mid-Year Edition.” Emerging Business Labs. January 2014. Accessed October 2, 2014. www.emergingbusinesslab.com.GeoNames. "Liberia." September 23, 2014. Accessed September 23, 2014. http://www.geonames.org.Google, September 2014. Accessed September 2014. www.google.com.Khan, Masood. “Letter dated 3 December 2012 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee Established pursuant to resolution 1521 (2003) concering Liberia addressed to the President of the Security Council.” Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. December 4, 2012. Accessed October 2, 2014. www.spiri.org.OpenStreetMap, "Liberia." September 2014. Accessed September 18, 2014. http://www.openstreetmap.org.Wikimapia, "Liberia." September 2014. Accessed September 22, 2014. http://wikimapia.org.Sources (Metadata)“Annual Economic Review 2013.” Ministry of Finance, Republic of Liberia. March 2014. Accessed October 2, 2014. http://state.gov.“Doing Business in Liberia: 2013 Country Commercial Guide for U.S. Companies.” United States Department of Commerce. January 2013. Accessed October 3, 2014. http://state.gov.Hamilton, Richard. “Ebola Crisis: The Economic Impact.” BBC News. August 20, 2014. Accessed October 3, 2014. www.bbc.com.“Liberian Economy.” Global Security. September 17, 2014. Accessed October 3, 2014. www.globalsecurity.org.“Liberia Overview.” The World Bank. April 9, 2014. Accessed October 3, 2014. www.worldbank.org.

Canada GDP: 2012p: saar: MO: Mining & Quarrying: Metal Ore: Iron Ore data was reported at 4,968.000 CAD mn in Sep 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5,093.000 CAD mn for Aug 2018. Canada GDP: 2012p: saar: MO: Mining & Quarrying: Metal Ore: Iron Ore data is updated monthly, averaging 3,717.000 CAD mn from Jan 1997 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 261 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,831.000 CAD mn in Apr 2017 and a record low of 1,496.000 CAD mn in Sep 2004. Canada GDP: 2012p: saar: MO: Mining & Quarrying: Metal Ore: Iron Ore data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Canada. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.A011: CSNA 2012: GDP: by Industry: 2012 Price: saar.

The mining sector forms an important part of the South African economy. In 2024, the industry contributed an added value of approximately 203.73 billion South African rand (around 11.37 billion U.S. dollars) to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In recent years, the overall growth rate of value-added GDP has followed a declining trend due to the general challenges the global mining industry is facing coupled with the additional burden of deteriorating infrastructure, port congestion, illegal mining activities, among many others. How does mining contribute to local employment? In 2024, the mining trade provided direct employment to almost half a million people in South Africa. The largest employer of all mineral commodities produced was the platinum group metals (PGMs), which employed nearly 37 percent of the total. In terms of production volume, coal was South Africa’s largest produced commodity over the past decade. Revenue and leading mining companies Although PGMs generated close to 50 percent of the accumulated revenue from South African mining activities, it suffered a significant decline in 2024. On the other hand, the proceeds made from gold mining have increased by roughly 17.4 percent from the previous year. As a result of global geopolitical precariousness, rising inflation, and economic growth concerns, gold has strengthened its position as a resilient and trusted asset. Gold Fields is the leading mining company in South Africa, with a market capitalization amounting to about 245 billion South African rand (nearly 13.6 billion U.S. dollars. The firm has agreed to form a joint venture with Anglo Gold with the aim of creating the largest gold mine in Africa, whereby Goldfields will hold two-thirds of its stake.

The industry has expanded over the past few years on the back of higher commodity prices. Global supply disruptions resulting from the pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, along with supply constraints, caused prices for commodities like iron ore, nickel and coal to soar over the two years through 2021-22, benefiting wholesalers that serviced foreign buyers and stimulating a revenue expansion. While commodity prices have retracted from their peaks and driven down wholesalers' revenue in the following years, alumina and bauxite supply bottlenecks in China and Guinea have propelled alumina prices in late 2024, boosting Australia's alumina and aluminium export revenue and supporting wholesalers' performance in 2024-25. Heightened steel imports have also given domestic metal and mineral wholesalers an opportunity to source competitively priced grades from abroad, meeting domestic demand while supporting their growth. Revenue is anticipated to have risen at an annualised 1.8% over the five years through 2024-25, including an anticipated 1.8% climb in 2024-25, to $32.6 billion. However, as in most wholesaling industries, profit margins are very slim, and the highly volatile movements have made it hard for many wholesalers to sustain profitability. Larger wholesalers with robust risk-management strategies and supply agreements have adapted better. Meanwhile, smaller players have struggled amid volatile prices, which have caused some smaller wholesalers to exit the industry, resulting in a dip in the number of enterprises over the past five years. Commodity prices are forecast to soften over the medium term, particularly as tensions between major global economies threaten to curtail international trade. Alumina prices spiked in late 2024, but a loosening of supply constraints is anticipated to lower prices in the coming quarters, shrinking wholesalers' revenue base. Weaker Chinese demand, exacerbated by geopolitical frictions like US tariffs and slower global GDP growth, will compound downwards pressure on prices for key commodities like iron ore. However, a rebound in domestic construction activity is set to redirect some wholesalers away from export-focused strategies. As costs stabilise, local residential and commercial projects will likely pick up, with greater emphasis on multi-unit builds and government-backed initiatives like the Housing Australia Future Fund. Over the longer term, there will be a pivot away from fossil fuels, with demand for battery metals – nickel, copper and aluminium – gaining traction as part of the global shift towards cleaner energy. Overall, industry revenue is forecast to dip at an annualised 0.5% over the five years through 2029-30 to $31.9 billion.

Mauritania is a West African country located on the western edge of the Sahara desert, with a population of approximately 3 million people that is mostly concentrated in the urban areas. The country is in part desert (3/4 of the 1,030,700 square kilometers of the territory). Since independence in the 1960s, Mauritania's economy has been dependent on natural resources, iron ore first then combined with fisheries, and presently oil and other minerals. The severe droughts of the 1960s and 1970s, which generated migration from rural to urban areas and created pressures on the country's administration through increased demand for education, housing, employment, health, administrative and other services, which continue up to today. Mauritania's eligibility to the multilateral debt relief initiative in 2006, the beginning of oil exports, the successive food, financial and political-institutional crises, as well as the mining sector boom, were the major factors in the changes in economic aggregates over this period. Mauritania's economic performance deteriorated sharply in 2008-09 on the back of these domestic and external shocks. Real gross development product (GDP) contracted from 5.9 percent in 2007 to -1.2 percent in 2009. The external positions weakened from a deficit of 9 percent of GDP in 2007 to 12.3 percent of GDP in 2009, and international reserves only covered about two months of imports. The government launched the Special Intervention Programme (programme special d'intervention - PSI) in 2008 to reduce the impact of the food crisis on the population. The country faces several key challenges in its recovery, including a narrow productive base, vulnerability to external shocks, a weak business climate, and persistent poverty levels in the rural sector. While the government has an integrated reform agenda on Public Finance Management (PFM), this report highlights a number of bottlenecks that affect the planning and execution of expenditures affecting development goals, and offers a set of prioritized, sequenced measures that mitigate them.

加拿大 GDP: CL 2012p: saar: MO: Mining & Quarrying: Metal Ore: Iron Ore在2018-09达5,196.000 CAD mn，相较于2018-08的5,528.000 CAD mn有所下降。加拿大 GDP: CL 2012p: saar: MO: Mining & Quarrying: Metal Ore: Iron Ore数据按月度更新，1997-01至2018-09期间平均值为3,562.000 CAD mn，共261份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2017-04，达6,015.000 CAD mn，而历史最低值则出现于2004-09，为1,445.000 CAD mn。CEIC提供的加拿大 GDP: CL 2012p: saar: MO: Mining & Quarrying: Metal Ore: Iron Ore数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Statistics Canada，数据归类于Global Database的加拿大 – Table CA.A012: CSNA 2012: GDP: by Industry: Chain Linked 2012 Price: saar。

China's share of imports in gross domestic product (GDP) was about 13.6 percent in 2024. The total gross domestic product amounted to approximately 135 trillion yuan that year. Import development in China Trade is essential to modern economies. The imports-to-GDP ratio measures a country’s openness to inward trade. One similar indicator is the trade-to-GDP-ratio, which is the sum of exports and imports divided by GDP. It is used to measure a country’s integration in the world economy. As of 2023, China was the second largest merchandise importing nation worldwide, only next to the United States. China’s imports of goods had nearly doubled over the last decade. In 2010, the import value stood at around 1.4 trillion U.S. dollars, whereas in 2024, China brought forth approximately 2.5 trillion U.S. dollars worth of imported commodities, its main import goods being integrated circuits, crude oil, and iron ore. Meanwhile, the monetary value of services imported to China, although much lower than merchandise imports, also increased steadily. Where does China import from? In 2024, ASEAN was the leading import partner for China, with imports amounting to approximately 2.81 trillion yuan. The European Union was the second largest import source providing nearly two trillion yuan worth of goods to China. In 2023, the European Union imported around 514 billion euros worth of merchandise from China, resulting in a trade deficit of roughly 291 billion euros. Trade deficits were most significant in sectors such as machinery, transport equipment and apparel manufacturing.

国内生产总值：2002年定基价格：按年率季节性调整后：MO：采矿业：金属矿石：铁矿石在10-01-2012达468.000百万加拿大元，相较于09-01-2012的489.000百万加拿大元有所下降。国内生产总值：2002年定基价格：按年率季节性调整后：MO：采矿业：金属矿石：铁矿石数据按月更新，01-01-1997至10-01-2012期间平均值为581.500百万加拿大元，共190份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于07-01-2000，达787.000百万加拿大元，而历史最低值则出现于09-01-2004，为251.000百万加拿大元。CEIC提供的国内生产总值：2002年定基价格：按年率季节性调整后：MO：采矿业：金属矿石：铁矿石数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Statistics Canada，数据归类于全球数据库的加拿大 – Table CA.A061: CSNA 1997: GDP: by Industry: Chain Linked 2002 Price: saar。