Disposable Income per Capita: Urban: Middle Income data was reported at 48,508.000 RMB in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 46,276.000 RMB for 2023. Disposable Income per Capita: Urban: Middle Income data is updated yearly, averaging 8,678.295 RMB from Dec 1985 (Median) to 2024, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 48,508.000 RMB in 2024 and a record low of 737.280 RMB in 1985. Disposable Income per Capita: Urban: Middle Income data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table CN.HD: Income by Income Level. Since 2013, All households in the sample are grouped, by per capita disposable income of the household, into groups of low income, lower middle income, middle income, upper middle income, and high income, each group consisting of 20%, 20%, 20%, 20%, and 20% of all households respectively.

Disposable Income per Capita: Middle Income data was reported at 33,925.000 RMB in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 32,195.000 RMB for 2023. Disposable Income per Capita: Middle Income data is updated yearly, averaging 24,111.810 RMB from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2024, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33,925.000 RMB in 2024 and a record low of 15,697.999 RMB in 2013. Disposable Income per Capita: Middle Income data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table CN.HD: Income by Income Level.

In 2024, the number of people living in the middle class and above in China amounted to over 1.13 billion. In Brunei, over 455.8 thousand people were middle class and above, accounting for 100 percent of the country's population that year.

In 2024, the average annual per capita disposable income of households in China amounted to approximately 41,300 yuan. Annual per capita income in Chinese saw a significant rise over the last decades and is still rising at a high pace. During the last ten years, per capita disposable income roughly doubled in China. Income distribution in China As an emerging economy, China faces a large number of development challenges, one of the most pressing issues being income inequality. The income gap between rural and urban areas has been stirring social unrest in China and poses a serious threat to the dogma of a “harmonious society” proclaimed by the communist party. In contrast to the disposable income of urban households, which reached around 54,200 yuan in 2024, that of rural households only amounted to around 23,100 yuan. Coinciding with the urban-rural income gap, income disparities between coastal and western regions in China have become apparent. As of 2023, households in Shanghai and Beijing displayed the highest average annual income of around 84,800 and 81,900 yuan respectively, followed by Zhejiang province with 63,800 yuan. Gansu, a province located in the West of China, had the lowest average annual per capita household income in China with merely 25,000 yuan. Income inequality in China The Gini coefficient is the most commonly used measure of income inequality. For China, the official Gini coefficient also indicates the astonishing inequality of income distribution in the country. Although the Gini coefficient has dropped from its high in 2008 at 49.1 points, it still ranged at a score of 46.5 points in 2023. The United Nations have set an index value of 40 as a warning level for serious inequality in a society.

China Consumption Exp per Capita: Urban: Middle Income: Household Facility, Article & Service data was reported at 1,033.640 RMB in 2012. This records an increase from the previous number of 923.350 RMB for 2011. China Consumption Exp per Capita: Urban: Middle Income: Household Facility, Article & Service data is updated yearly, averaging 343.060 RMB from Dec 1985 (Median) to 2012, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,033.640 RMB in 2012 and a record low of 77.160 RMB in 1985. China Consumption Exp per Capita: Urban: Middle Income: Household Facility, Article & Service data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table CN.HD: Consumption Structure by Income Level: Urban.

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports) in China was reported at 1.8726 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Merchandise imports from developing economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise imports) in China was reported at 4.243 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Merchandise imports from developing economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on May of 2025.

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise imports) in China was reported at 15.21 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Merchandise imports from developing economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise imports) in China was reported at 7.8913 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Merchandise imports from developing economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on April of 2025.

Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise exports) in China was reported at 5.9979 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Merchandise exports to developing economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise exports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

The average for 2022 based on 20 countries was 18.96 million containers. The highest value was in China: 268.99 million containers and the lowest value was in Suriname: 0.1 million containers. The indicator is available from 2000 to 2022. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

China Disposable Income per Capita: Urban: Upper Middle Income data was reported at 68,151.000 RMB in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 65,430.000 RMB for 2023. China Disposable Income per Capita: Urban: Upper Middle Income data is updated yearly, averaging 11,827.130 RMB from Dec 1985 (Median) to 2024, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 68,151.000 RMB in 2024 and a record low of 861.960 RMB in 1985. China Disposable Income per Capita: Urban: Upper Middle Income data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table CN.HD: Income by Income Level. Since 2013, All households in the sample are grouped, by per capita disposable income of the household, into groups of low income, lower middle income, middle income, upper middle income, and high income, each group consisting of 20%, 20%, 20%, 20%, and 20% of all households respectively.

The average for 2023 based on 43 countries was 47.3 percent. The highest value was in China: 194.67 percent and the lowest value was in Equatorial Guinea: 5.86 percent. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In G20 countries, the share of the population that earned at least the equivalent of the highest 10 percent of global income earners as of 2022 in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms varies from over two thirds in Australia to only 1.5 percent in Indonesia. The United States recorded the second-highest upper-class share of the G20 countries. However, looking at for instance China, approximately 80 percent of the population counts as middle class or above, whereas just eight percent counts as upper class or higher.

The average for 2022 based on 50 countries was 13.69 million kilowatts. The highest value was in China: 367.71 million kilowatts and the lowest value was in Botswana: 0 million kilowatts. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In 2024, the average annual per capita disposable income of rural households in China was approximately 23,119 yuan, roughly 43 percent of the income of urban households. Although living standards in China’s rural areas have improved significantly over the past 20 years, the income gap between rural and urban households is still large. Income increase of China’s households From 2000 to 2020, disposable income per capita in China increased by around 700 percent. The fast-growing economy has inevitably led to the rapid income increase. Furthermore, inflation has been maintained at a lower rate in recent years compared to other countries. While the number of millionaires in China has increased, many of its population are still living in humble conditions. Consequently, the significant wealth gap between China’s rich and poor has become a social problem across the country. However, in recent years rural areas have been catching up and disposable income has been growing faster than in the cities. This development is also reflected in the Gini coefficient for China, which has decreased since 2008. Urbanization in China The urban population in China surpassed its rural population for the first time in 2011. In fact, the share of the population residing in urban areas is continuing to increase. This is not surprising considering remote, rural areas are among the poorest areas in China. Currently, poverty alleviation has been prioritized by the Chinese government. The measures that the government has taken are related to relocation and job placement. With the transformation and expansion of cities to accommodate the influx of city dwellers, neighboring rural areas are required for the development of infrastructure. Accordingly, land acquisition by the government has resulted in monetary gain by some rural households.

Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise exports) in China was reported at 13.69 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Merchandise exports to developing economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise exports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

The average for 2022 based on 51 countries was 25.25 thousand barrels per day. The highest value was in China: 422.77 thousand barrels per day and the lowest value was in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 0 thousand barrels per day. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Social health insurance (SHI) is a form of health finance mechanism that had been implemented in many countries to achieve universal health care (UHC). To emulate the successes of SHI in many developed countries, many developing and middle-income countries (MICs) have attempted to follow suit. However, the SHI implementation has problems and obstacles. Many more obstacles were observed despite some successes. This scoping review aimed to study the various developments of SHI globally in its uses, implementation, successes, and obstacles within the last 5 years from 2017 to 2021. Using three databases (i.e., PubMed, EBSCO, and Google Scholar), we reviewed all forms of articles on SHI, including gray literature. The PRISMA-ScR protocol was adapted as the guideline. We used the following search terms: social health insurance, national health insurance, and community health insurance. A total of 57,686 articles were screened, and subsequently, 46 articles were included in the final review. Results showed that the majority of SHI studies were in China and African countries, both of which were actively pursuing SHI programs to achieve UHC. China was still regarded as a developing country. There were also recent experiences from other Asian countries, but only a few from South America. Implementing SHI to achieve UHC was desirable but will need to consider several factors and issues. This was especially the case in developing and MICs. Eventually, full UHC would only be possible with a combination of general taxation and SHI.

The views of both the United States and China were overall more favorable in middle-income countries than in high-income countries, with a median of over 60 percent in the former having a favorable opinion of the U.S., and more than half having a favorable view of China. On the other hand, just above half of the respondents in high-income countries had favorable views of the U.S., whereas only a quarter had the same of China. Poland was the country with the most favorable perception of the U.S., whereas Thailand had the most favorable perception of China.