The euro and U.S. dollar made up more than ***** of 10 SWIFT payments worldwide in 2025, outperforming many other currencies. This is according to a monthly report meant to track the market share of China's yuan renminbi within the international bank transfer system SWIFT. Although China holds the largest forex reserves in the world, the yuan ranked as the ******-used currency in international payments. The figures concern customer-initiated and institutional payments and exclude trade. Discussions on the potential weakening role of the U.S. dollar especially touch world trade and forex. For example, the share of the USD in forex reserves declined visibly against the euro and Japanese yen in 2024. What sparked this de-dollarization trend, and will it continue? Trade sanctions and de-dollarization De-dollarization in 2024 is mentioned mostly alongside trade and the BRICS countries - an informal name given to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The combined GDP of BRICS is about ** percent of the world's economy. After the start of the Ukraine war and Russia received economic sanctions, the BRICS slowly evolved into a trading bloc. The group increasingly wanted its own currency to settle payments within the trade bloc, to avoid using the U.S. dollar. In August 2024, BRICS will gather in South Africa to discuss the creation of such a new joint currency. Additionally, ** countries - including Argentina, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Yemen - expressed interest in joining the BRICS group. CBDC, or projects into a digital payment settlement A factor of future uncertainty for the U.S. dollar is how central bank digital currencies (CBDC) develop in emerging countries. Several projects exist between individual countries that specifically target cross-border interbank payments. A cooperation between Thailand and Hong Kong, Inthanon-Lionrock, ranks as the most advanced of these projects. CBDC does not require the U.S. dollar to function. Tangible such as commodities or gold can back them. The value of transactions processed with CBDC is to grow by ******* percent between 2024 and 2030.

The U.S. dollar was the most common currency in foreign exchange reserves in 2023, comprising more than three times the amount of the euro in global reserves that year. This total peaked in 2015, partly due to the strength of the dollar during the Eurozone crisis. The share of the U.S. dollar has lost since to the Japanese yen and euro, as well as other currencies. Why do foreign exchange reserves matter? When countries with different currencies export goods, they must agree on a currency for payment. As a result, countries hold currency reserves worth trillions of U.S. dollars. After World War II, the U.S. dollar itself became the international currency in the Bretton Woods Agreement and is thus the most common currency for international payments. The United States Treasury is also seen by most as risk-free, giving the country a low-risk premium. For this reason, countries hold U.S. dollars in reserve because the currency holds value relatively well eventually. China and currency reserves Since 2016, the International Monetary Fund has included the Chinese renminbi (yuan) as part of the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) basket. This decision recognized the influence of the renminbi as a reserve currency, particularly in several Asian countries. China also holds significant foreign exchange reserves itself, funded by its large positive trade balance.

India IN: Share in World Trade: Country's Trade: expressed in USD Volume data was reported at 0.029 % in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.029 % for 2024. India IN: Share in World Trade: Country's Trade: expressed in USD Volume data is updated yearly, averaging 0.021 % from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2025, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.029 % in 2025 and a record low of 0.008 % in 1997. India IN: Share in World Trade: Country's Trade: expressed in USD Volume data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.OECD.EO: Trade Statistics: Share in World Trade and Performance Indicators: Forecast: Non OECD Member: Annual. SHTGSVD - Share of country's trade, volume (in USD at OECD reference year prices) in world trade OECD calculation, see OECD Economic Outlook database documentation

This statistic depicts the total value of U.S. international trade from 2000 to 2024. In 2024, the value of U.S. international exports amounted to about three trillion U.S. dollars; imports amounted to approximately 3.86 trillion U.S. dollars.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Major Currencies data was reported at 104.556 Mar1973=100 in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 103.639 Mar1973=100 for Sep 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Major Currencies data is updated monthly, averaging 91.800 Mar1973=100 from Jan 1973 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 550 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 131.551 Mar1973=100 in Mar 1985 and a record low of 77.674 Mar1973=100 in Jul 2011. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Major Currencies data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

Graph and download economic data for Nominal Broad U.S. Dollar Index (DTWEXBGS) from 2006-01-02 to 2025-06-27 about trade-weighted, broad, exchange rate, currency, goods, services, rate, indexes, and USA.

In 2024, the total value of U.S. trade goods amounted to approximately 5.4 trillion U.S. dollars. This shows the significance and scale of international trade for the economy of the United States. In 2024, the United States imported goods valuing around 3.3 trillion U.S. dollars from international trading partners, in comparison the value of goods exported from the United States to other countries amounted to around 2.1 trillion U.S. dollars.Import and export trade The import of trade goods relate to goods brought into the United States. This typically refers to goods grown, produced, or manufactured in other countries. Imports include goods of domestic origin which have been worked on abroad before reentering the United States. The export of trade goods refer to goods sold internationally which were grown, produced, or manufactured in the United States. It also includes commodities of foreign origin which have been changed in the United States from the form in which they were imported, or which have been enhanced in value or condition by further processing or manufacturing within the United States before again being sold internationally. Leading trade partners of the United States In 2023, Mexico was the largest source of goods imported into the United States, with goods valuing approximately 475.6 billion U.S. dollars. Mexico and Canada were the second and third largest exporters of goods to the United States, respectively. In 2023, Canada was the leading destination of goods exported from the United States, with U.S. trade goods worth over 350 billion U.S. dollars exported to Canada. Mexico and China also feature at the top of the list of importers of U.S. goods.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Other Important Trading Partner data was reported at 168.237 Jan1997=100 in Nov 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 166.528 Jan1997=100 for Oct 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Other Important Trading Partner data is updated monthly, averaging 96.825 Jan1997=100 from Jan 1973 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 551 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 168.237 Jan1997=100 in Nov 2018 and a record low of 1.998 Jan1997=100 in Jul 1973. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Other Important Trading Partner data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

The average for 2023 based on 19 countries was -8.28 billion U.S. dollars. The highest value was in China: 386.06 billion U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in the USA: -784.89 billion U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Historical chart and dataset showing U.S. trade balance by year from 1970 to 2023.

Interactive chart of historical data showing the broad price-adjusted U.S. dollar index published by the Federal Reserve. The index is adjusted for the aggregated home inflation rates of all included currencies. The price adjustment is especially important with our Asian and South American trading partners due to their significant inflation episodes of the 80s and 90s.

Prices for DXY Dollar Index including live quotes, historical charts and news. DXY Dollar Index was last updated by Trading Economics this July 1 of 2025.

US: Import: Cost: Documentary Compliance data was reported at 100.000 USD in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 100.000 USD for 2016. US: Import: Cost: Documentary Compliance data is updated yearly, averaging 100.000 USD from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2017, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 USD in 2017 and a record low of 100.000 USD in 2017. US: Import: Cost: Documentary Compliance data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Trade Statistics. Documentary compliance captures the time and cost associated with compliance with the documentary requirements of all government agencies of the origin economy, the destination economy and any transit economies. The aim is to measure the total burden of preparing the bundle of documents that will enable completion of the international trade for the product and partner pair assumed in the case study.; ; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; Unweighted average; Insurance cost and informal payments for which no receipt is issued are excluded from the costs recorded. Costs are reported in U.S. dollars. Contributors are asked to convert local currency into U.S. dollars based on the exchange rate prevailing on the day they answer the questionnaire. Contributors are private sector experts in international trade logistics and are informed about exchange rates and their movements. Data are presented for the survey year instead of publication year.

The European Union has seen a declining share of its exports to the rest of the world paid for in Euro over the period since 2010. At the same time, the share of exports paid for in U.S. dollars increased up until 2018, before declining drastically in 2020, likely to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global trade. The share of exports paid for in other currencies of non-Euro members took a large leap in 2020, to over a fifth of the EU's global export trade, likely due to the United Kingdom's exit from the EU meaning that the British Pound was moved into this category from the EU member currencies category.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Broad data was reported at 128.073 Jan1997=100 in Nov 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 126.876 Jan1997=100 for Oct 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Broad data is updated monthly, averaging 94.883 Jan1997=100 from Jan 1973 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 551 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 129.640 Jan1997=100 in Feb 2002 and a record low of 30.638 Jan1997=100 in Jul 1973. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Broad data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

A graphic that displays the dollar performance against other currencies reveals that economic developments had mixed results on currency exchanges. The third quarter of 2023 marked a period of disinflation in the euro area, while China's projected growth was projected to go up. The United States economy was said to have a relatively strong performance in Q3 2023, although growing capital market interest rate and the resumption of student loan repayments might dampen this growth at the end of 2023. A relatively weak Japanese yen Q3 2023 saw pressure from investors towards Japanese authorities on how they would respond to the situation surrounding the Japanese yen. The USD/JPY rate was close to ***, whereas analysts suspected it should be around ** given the country's purchase power parity. The main reason for this disparity is said to be the differences in central bank interest rates between the United States, the euro area, and Japan. Any future aggressive changes from, especially the U.S. Fed might lower those differences. Financial markets responded somewhat disappoint when Japan did not announce major plans to tackle the situation. Potential rent decreases in 2024 Central bank rates peak in 2023, although it is expected that some of these will decline in early 2024. That said, analysts expect overall policies will remain restrictive. For example, the Bank of England's interest rate remained unchanged at **** percent in Q3 2023. It is believed the United Kingdom's central bank will ease its interest rate in 2024 but less than either the U.S. Fed or the European Central Bank. This should be a positive development for the pound compared to either the euro or the dollar.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Emerging Market Economies data was reported at 97.567 Jan2006=100 in Jan 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 99.691 Jan2006=100 for Dec 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Emerging Market Economies data is updated monthly, averaging 92.630 Jan2006=100 from Jan 2006 (Median) to Jan 2019, with 157 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 102.109 Jan2006=100 in Jan 2017 and a record low of 82.473 Jan2006=100 in Apr 2013. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Emerging Market Economies data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Broad Dollar Index data was reported at 105.997 Jan2006=100 in Jan 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 107.686 Jan2006=100 for Dec 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Broad Dollar Index data is updated monthly, averaging 94.083 Jan2006=100 from Jan 2006 (Median) to Jan 2019, with 157 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 110.076 Jan2006=100 in Dec 2016 and a record low of 83.890 Jan2006=100 in Jul 2011. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Real: Broad Dollar Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

Forex daily volume was nearly six billion U.S. dollars for the USD currency, an amount three times higher than for the euro (EUR). The forex - or foreign exchange market - turnover per day is a figure that is not often measured, only once every three years. No figures are available for 2020, for instance. What figures are available, however, indicate that the USD currency far outweighs that of many other currencies all over the world.

What is the forex market?

The forex market is based on the fluctuations in the value of currency interest rates. For example, the U.S. dollar performs differently against other major currencies. If one can properly predict these fluctuations, they can buy a weaker currency with a stronger one. After the currencies rebalance, the original currency will be worth more terms of the exchange rate, giving the investor a profit. There are many foreign exchange trading services, including many multinational banks which already work in multiple currencies.

Other currency trading functions

Countries and central banks often hold foreign currencies. These international reserves help facilitate the transactions in international trade, which is one reason China’s foreign reserves are so high. Countries can buy and sell foreign currencies to maintain a particular exchange rate. This is necessary for currencies which are pegged to another currency, such as the U.S. dollar. However, some countries are accused of exchange rate manipulation in order to make their exports seem more attractive. Finally, certain currencies are considered safer. Citizens and firms in a country with an unstable currency will buy these currencies to avoid volatility, or even hyperinflation, in their home currency.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Emerging Market Economies data was reported at 121.368 2006=100 in Jan 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 123.885 2006=100 for Dec 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Emerging Market Economies data is updated monthly, averaging 98.829 2006=100 from Jan 2006 (Median) to Jan 2019, with 157 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 124.362 2006=100 in Nov 2018 and a record low of 89.858 2006=100 in Jul 2008. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Emerging Market Economies data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.