In 2022, more than 115,000 victims of human trafficking were identified worldwide. This is 25,000 more than in the previous year, and the second highest during the period of consideration. The number of human trafficking victims has significantly increased in the past decade.

In 2022, a total of 5,600 human traffickers were convicted worldwide. This is a small increase of around 300 convictions from the year before. Still, the level of convictions is much lower than in the years before COVID-19.

In 2022, the number of human trafficking cases per million population in India was 1.63. It was an increase compared to the values recorded a year before. In the last few years, the occurrence of this severe offense went down significantly.

This project examined practices and initiatives undertaken by prosecutors across the United States to address trafficking in persons (TIP) in order to learn about TIP case identification and case building; when jurisdictions prosecute utilizing their state's TIP statute or alternative charges; and how prosecutors approach victim identification, serving victims, and increasing convictions and penalties for traffickers and buyers. It also sought to draw lessons learned that other jurisdictions can use to begin this work or increase their capacity and effectiveness, regardless of size or _location. This project was a partnership between the Justice Research and Statistics Association (JRSA) and the National District Attorney's Association (NDAA) and consisted of two phases. Phase I was a national survey of prosecutors and Phase II was a series of four case studies in jurisdictions undertaking anti-TIP initiatives. The results of the survey are intended to provide a national snapshot of trends in local TIP prosecutions and the use of state-level TIP statutes by local prosecutors. It serves as a ten-year update to, and expansion of, previous research on local prosecutorial approaches to trafficking that had used data on cases prosecuted through 2008.

In 2024, the police in Japan recognized 588 cases of kidnapping or human trafficking, representing five consecutive years of increase. That year, The number of clearances for kidnapping and human trafficking was 556.

In 2023, there were 195 victims of forced labor in Spain, representing an increase from the largest number of victims registered in 2019, 192 people. Most of the labor trafficking victims identified in 2023 were located in the autonomous communities of Andalusia and Castille-La Mancha.

In 2023, a total of 729 cases of human trafficking were reported across Mexico, 73 cases less than a year earlier. With a total of 1,195 cases of human trafficking, 2015 was the year with the largest number of cases in the period under scrutiny.

Keywords used in search process.

Measures administered to clients by time point.

Series Name: Proportion of children engaged in economic activity and household chores by sex and age (percent)Series Code: SL_TLF_CHLDECRelease Version: 2020.Q2.G.03 This dataset is the part of the Global SDG Indicator Database compiled through the UN System in preparation for the Secretary-General's annual report on Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.Indicator 8.7.1: Proportion and number of children aged 5–17 years engaged in child labour, by sex and ageTarget 8.7: Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its formsGoal 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for allFor more information on the compilation methodology of this dataset, see https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/

This statistic shows the number of human trafficking defendants sentenced to prison in the United States from the fiscal year of 2000 to 2015. In the fiscal year of 2015, 759 people were sentenced to prison for human trafficking, an increase from 132 people in the fiscal year of 2000.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Cellular Interception market size will be USD 728.34 million in 2025. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.80% from 2025 to 2033.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 269.49 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.3% from 2025 to 2033.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 211.22 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.9% from 2025 to 2033.
APAC held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 174.80 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.5% from 2025 to 2033.
South America has a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 27.68 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5% from 2025 to 2033.
The Middle East had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 29.13 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.1% from 2025 to 2033.
Africa had a market share of around 1% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 16.02 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.1% from 2025 to 2033.
Hardware category is the fastest growing segment of the Cellular Interception industry

Market Dynamics of Cellular Interception Market

Key Drivers for Cellular Interception Market

Increased Need for Lawful Interception to Boost Market Growth

The market for cellular interception is mostly driven by the increasing demand for legal interception. Globally, governments and law enforcement organizations are using interception tools more frequently to fight organized crime, cybercrime, and terrorism. Sophisticated interception techniques are in high demand due to growing security concerns and communication technology breakthroughs like 5G and encrypted texting. Further driving industry expansion are regional legislative requirements that telecom carriers offer legal interception capabilities. Another factor driving the market's growth is the proliferation of cross-border monitoring and intelligence-sharing programs. The need for data analysis and real-time monitoring will continue to propel the use of interception technology as security threats change.

Rising Incidence of Crime Worldwide to Boost Market Growth

The market for cellular interception is mostly driven by the increase in organized crime, cyber threats, and crime rates. In order to detect illegal communications, stop fraud, and improve national security, governments and law enforcement organizations are using intercepting technologies more and more. The increase in cybercrime, drug trafficking, human trafficking, and terrorism has made real-time mobile network monitoring essential. Advanced interception solutions are now even more necessary due to the increasing usage of secure communication channels and encrypted messaging. Lawful interception tools that can follow, extract data, and gather intelligence will become more and more in demand as criminal tactics change, which will support market expansion.

Restraint Factor for the Cellular Interception Market

Ethical and Privacy Concerns Will Limit Market Growth

The market for cellular interception is severely constrained by ethical and privacy issues. Concerns about illegal monitoring, invasions of privacy, and possible abuse by hostile parties or governments are brought up by the usage of interception technologies. Stricter legal limits and regulatory frameworks pertaining to authorized interception are the result of growing public awareness and advocacy for digital rights. Global discussions on the moral implications of interception techniques have also been sparked by worries about widespread surveillance, human rights abuses, and a lack of transparency. Telecom companies and organizations are under pressure to improve cybersecurity and encryption, which will reduce the ability to intercept communications. As authorities strike a balance between the demands of national security and the rights of individuals to privacy, these concerns are restraining market growth.

Market Trends in Cellular Interception Market

Rising Demand for Cloud-Based Intercept...

Environmental fluctuations affect distribution, growth and abundance of diatoms in nature, with iron (Fe) availability playing a central role. Studies on the response of diatoms to low Fe have either utilized continuous (24 hr) illumination or sampled a single time of day, missing any temporal dynamics. We profiled the physiology, metabolite composition, and global transcripts of the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum during steady-state growth at low, intermediate, and high levels of dissolved Fe over light:dark cycles, to better understand fundamental aspects of genetic control of physiological acclimation to growth under Fe-limitation. We greatly expand the catalog of genes involved in the low Fe response, highlighting the importance of intracellular trafficking in Fe-limited diatoms. P. tricornutum exhibited transcriptomic hallmarks of slowed growth leading to prolonged periods of cell division/silica deposition, which could impact biogeochemical carbon sequestration in Fe-limited regions. Light harvesting and ribosome biogenesis transcripts were generally reduced under low Fe while transcript levels for genes putatively involved in the acquisition and recycling of Fe were increased. We also noted shifts in expression towards increased synthesis and catabolism of branched chain amino acids in P. tricornutum grown at low Fe whereas expression of genes involved in central core metabolism were relatively unaffected, indicating that essential cellular function is protected. Beyond the response of P. tricornutum to low Fe, we observed major coordinated shifts in transcript control of primary and intermediate metabolism over light:dark cycles which contribute to a new view of the significance of distinctive diatom pathways, such as mitochondrial glycolysis and the ornithine-urea cycle. This study provides new insight into transcriptional modulation of diatom physiology and metabolism across light:dark cycles in response to Fe availability, providing mechanistic understanding for the ability of diatoms to remain metabolically poised to respond quickly to Fe input and revealing strategies underlying their ecological success.

Abstract

The Ukraine Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) is a nationally representative survey of 6,841 women age 15-49 and 3,178 men age 15-49. Survey fieldwork was conducted during the period July through November 2007. The UDHS was conducted by the Ukrainian Center for Social Reforms in close collaboration with the State Statistical Committee of Ukraine. The MEASURE DHS Project provided technical support for the survey. The U.S. Agency for International Development/Kyiv Regional Mission to Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus provided funding.

The survey is a nationally representative sample survey designed to provide information on population and health issues in Ukraine. The primary goal of the survey was to develop a single integrated set of demographic and health data for the population of the Ukraine.

The UDHS was conducted from July to November 2007 by the Ukrainian Center for Social Reforms (UCSR) in close collaboration with the State Statistical Committee (SSC) of Ukraine, which provided organizational and methodological support. Macro International Inc. provided technical assistance for the survey through the MEASURE DHS project. USAID/Kyiv Regional Mission to Ukraine, Moldova and Belarus provided funding for the survey through the MEASURE DHS project. MEASURE DHS is sponsored by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to assist countries worldwide in obtaining information on key population and health indicators.

The 2007 UDHS collected national- and regional-level data on fertility and contraceptive use, maternal health, adult health and life style, infant and child mortality, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. The survey obtained detailed information on these issues from women of reproductive age and, on certain topics, from men as well.

The results of the 2007 UDHS are intended to provide the information needed to evaluate existing social programs and to design new strategies for improving the health of Ukrainians and health services for the people of Ukraine. The 2007 UDHS also contributes to the growing international database on demographic and health-related variables.

MAIN RESULTS

• Fertility rates. A useful index of the level of fertility is the total fertility rate (TFR), which indicates the number of children a woman would have if she passed through the childbearing ages at the current age-specific fertility rates (ASFR). The TFR, estimated for the three-year period preceding the survey, is 1.2 children per woman. This is below replacement level.

• Contraception : Knowledge and ever use. Knowledge of contraception is widespread in Ukraine. Among married women, knowledge of at least one method is universal (99 percent). On average, married women reported knowledge of seven methods of contraception. Eighty-nine percent of married women have used a method of contraception at some time.

• Abortion rates. The use of abortion can be measured by the total abortion rate (TAR), which indicates the number of abortions a woman would have in her lifetime if she passed through her childbearing years at the current age-specific abortion rates. The UDHS estimate of the TAR indicates that a woman in Ukraine will have an average of 0.4 abortions during her lifetime. This rate is considerably lower than the comparable rate in the 1999 Ukraine Reproductive Health Survey (URHS) of 1.6. Despite this decline, among pregnancies ending in the three years preceding the survey, one in four pregnancies (25 percent) ended in an induced abortion.

• Antenatal care. Ukraine has a well-developed health system with an extensive infrastructure of facilities that provide maternal care services. Overall, the levels of antenatal care and delivery assistance are high. Virtually all mothers receive antenatal care from professional health providers (doctors, nurses, and midwives) with negligible differences between urban and rural areas. Seventy-five percent of pregnant women have six or more antenatal care visits; 27 percent have 15 or more ANC visits. The percentage is slightly higher in rural areas than in urban areas (78 percent compared with 73 percent). However, a smaller proportion of rural women than urban women have 15 or more antenatal care visits (23 percent and 29 percent, respectively).

• HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections : The currently low level of HIV infection in Ukraine provides a unique window of opportunity for early targeted interventions to prevent further spread of the disease. However, the increases in the cumulative incidence of HIV infection suggest that this window of opportunity is rapidly closing.

• Adult Health : The major causes of death in Ukraine are similar to those in industrialized countries (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and accidents), but there is also a rising incidence of certain infectious diseases, such as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

• Women's status : Sixty-four percent of married women make decisions on their own about their own health care, 33 percent decide jointly with their husband/partner, and 1 percent say that their husband or someone else is the primary decisionmaker about the woman's own health care.

• Domestic Violence : Overall, 17 percent of women age 15-49 experienced some type of physical violence between age 15 and the time of the survey. Nine percent of all women experienced at least one episode of violence in the 12 months preceding the survey. One percent of the women said they had often been subjected to violent physical acts during the past year. Overall, the data indicate that husbands are the main perpetrators of physical violence against women.

• Human Trafficking : The UDHS collected information on respondents' awareness of human trafficking in Ukraine and, if applicable, knowledge about any household members who had been the victim of human trafficking during the three years preceding the survey. More than half (52 percent) of respondents to the household questionnaire reported that they had heard of a person experiencing this problem and 10 percent reported that they knew personally someone who had experienced human trafficking.

Geographic coverage

The survey is a nationally representative sample survey designed to provide information on population and health issues in Ukraine. The 27 administrative regions were grouped for this survey into five geographic regions: North, Central, East, South and West. The five geographic regions are the five study domains of the survey. The estimates obtained from the 2007 UDHS are presented for the country as a whole, for urban and rural areas, and for each of the five geographic regions.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Women age 15-49
• Men age 15-49

Universe

The population covered by the 2007 UDHS is defined as the universe of all women and men age 15-49 in Ukraine.

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

The 2007 Ukraine Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) was the first survey of its kind carried out in Ukraine. The survey was a nationally representative sample survey of 15,000 households, with an expected yield of about 7,900 completed interviews of women age 15-49. It was designed to provide estimates on fertility, infant and child mortality, use of contraception and family planning, knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STI), and other family welfare and health indicators. Ukraine is made up of 24 oblasts, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, and two special cities (Kyiv and Sevastopol), which together make up 27 administrative regions, each subdivided into lower-level administrative units. The 27 administrative regions were grouped for this survey into five geographic regions: North, Central, East, South and West. The five geographic regions are the five study domains of the survey. The estimates obtained from the 2007 UDHS are presented for the country as a whole, for urban and rural areas, and for each of the five geographic regions.

A men's survey was conducted at the same time as the women's survey, in a subsample consisting of one household in every two selected for the female survey. All men age 15-49 living in the selected households were eligible for the men's survey. The survey collected information on men's use of contraception and family planning and their knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STI).

SAMPLING FRAME

The sampling frame used for the 2007 UDHS was the Ukraine Population Census conducted in 2001 (SSC, 2003a), provided by the State Statistical Committee (SSC) of Ukraine. The sampling frame consisted of about 38 thousand enumeration areas (EAs) with an average of 400-500 households per EA. Each EA is subdivided into 4-5 enumeration units (EUs) with an average of 100 households per EU. An EA is a city block in urban areas; in rural areas, an EA is either a village or part of a large village, or a group of small villages (possibly plus a part of a large village). An EU is a list of addresses (in a neighborhood) that was used as a convenient counting unit for the census. Both EAs and EUs include information about the location, type of residence, address of each structure in it, and the number of households in each structure.

Census maps were available for most of the EAs with marked boundaries. In urban areas, the census maps have marked boundaries/locations of the EUs. In rural areas, the EUs are defined by detailed descriptions available at the SSC local office. Therefore, either the EA or the EU could be used as the primary sampling unit (PSU) for the 2007 UDHS. Because the EAs in urban areas are large (an average of 500 households), using

The Ukraine Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) is a nationally representative survey of 6,841 women age 15-49 and 3,178 men age 15-49. Survey fieldwork was conducted during the period July through November 2007. The UDHS was conducted by the Ukrainian Center for Social Reforms in close collaboration with the State Statistical Committee of Ukraine. The MEASURE DHS Project provided technical support for the survey. The U.S. Agency for International Development/Kyiv Regional Mission to Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus provided funding. The survey is a nationally representative sample survey designed to provide information on population and health issues in Ukraine. The primary goal of the survey was to develop a single integrated set of demographic and health data for the population of the Ukraine. The UDHS was conducted from July to November 2007 by the Ukrainian Center for Social Reforms (UCSR) in close collaboration with the State Statistical Committee (SSC) of Ukraine, which provided organizational and methodological support. Macro International Inc. provided technical assistance for the survey through the MEASURE DHS project. USAID/Kyiv Regional Mission to Ukraine, Moldova and Belarus provided funding for the survey through the MEASURE DHS project. MEASURE DHS is sponsored by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to assist countries worldwide in obtaining information on key population and health indicators. The 2007 UDHS collected national- and regional-level data on fertility and contraceptive use, maternal health, adult health and life style, infant and child mortality, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. The survey obtained detailed information on these issues from women of reproductive age and, on certain topics, from men as well. The results of the 2007 UDHS are intended to provide the information needed to evaluate existing social programs and to design new strategies for improving the health of Ukrainians and health services for the people of Ukraine. The 2007 UDHS also contributes to the growing international database on demographic and health-related variables. MAIN RESULTS Fertility rates. A useful index of the level of fertility is the total fertility rate (TFR), which indicates the number of children a woman would have if she passed through the childbearing ages at the current age-specific fertility rates (ASFR). The TFR, estimated for the three-year period preceding the survey, is 1.2 children per woman. This is below replacement level. Contraception : Knowledge and ever use. Knowledge of contraception is widespread in Ukraine. Among married women, knowledge of at least one method is universal (99 percent). On average, married women reported knowledge of seven methods of contraception. Eighty-nine percent of married women have used a method of contraception at some time. Abortion rates. The use of abortion can be measured by the total abortion rate (TAR), which indicates the number of abortions a woman would have in her lifetime if she passed through her childbearing years at the current age-specific abortion rates. The UDHS estimate of the TAR indicates that a woman in Ukraine will have an average of 0.4 abortions during her lifetime. This rate is considerably lower than the comparable rate in the 1999 Ukraine Reproductive Health Survey (URHS) of 1.6. Despite this decline, among pregnancies ending in the three years preceding the survey, one in four pregnancies (25 percent) ended in an induced abortion. Antenatal care. Ukraine has a well-developed health system with an extensive infrastructure of facilities that provide maternal care services. Overall, the levels of antenatal care and delivery assistance are high. Virtually all mothers receive antenatal care from professional health providers (doctors, nurses, and midwives) with negligible differences between urban and rural areas. Seventy-five percent of pregnant women have six or more antenatal care visits; 27 percent have 15 or more ANC visits. The percentage is slightly higher in rural areas than in urban areas (78 percent compared with 73 percent). However, a smaller proportion of rural women than urban women have 15 or more antenatal care visits (23 percent and 29 percent, respectively). HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections : The currently low level of HIV infection in Ukraine provides a unique window of opportunity for early targeted interventions to prevent further spread of the disease. However, the increases in the cumulative incidence of HIV infection suggest that this window of opportunity is rapidly closing. Adult Health : The major causes of death in Ukraine are similar to those in industrialized countries (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and accidents), but there is also a rising incidence of certain infectious diseases, such as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Women's status : Sixty-four percent of married women make decisions on their own about their own health care, 33 percent decide jointly with their husband/partner, and 1 percent say that their husband or someone else is the primary decisionmaker about the woman's own health care. Domestic Violence : Overall, 17 percent of women age 15-49 experienced some type of physical violence between age 15 and the time of the survey. Nine percent of all women experienced at least one episode of violence in the 12 months preceding the survey. One percent of the women said they had often been subjected to violent physical acts during the past year. Overall, the data indicate that husbands are the main perpetrators of physical violence against women. Human Trafficking : The UDHS collected information on respondents' awareness of human trafficking in Ukraine and, if applicable, knowledge about any household members who had been the victim of human trafficking during the three years preceding the survey. More than half (52 percent) of respondents to the household questionnaire reported that they had heard of a person experiencing this problem and 10 percent reported that they knew personally someone who had experienced human trafficking.

South Africa's ongoing struggle with human trafficking remains evident as the country maintains its position on the tier two level watch list for the third consecutive year in 2023.  The country has been reported as a hub for human trafficking as it is not only a host for human trafficking, but also facilitates sourcing victims and transferring them to other countries. South African Police Services (SAPS) have discovered that some human trafficking cases are related to the 17,061 kidnappings , particularly in the provinces of Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal. Additionally, SAPS have identified a possible link between human trafficking and missing persons in the country, however, further investigation is required.
Regional context and victim demographics Over the years, human trafficking has evolved into a broader regional concern. Girls and women are overly affected by human trafficking in Sub-Saharan Africa, accounting for 34 percent and 28 percent of detected victims respectively as of 2020. This trend extends to Southern Africa, where 61 percent of sex-trafficking victims between 2003 and 2023 were women and 23 percent of victims aged 30–38 years, which accentuates the gendered nature of human trafficking in the region. Traffickers primarily target those from disadvantaged backgrounds and often lure unsuspecting victims through fake job advertisements for domestic work, mining, hospitality, and modeling. Continental perspective and neighboring nations Within the African continent, the severity of human trafficking varies significantly. Modern-day slavery is particularly rife in Nigeria, with an estimated 1.6 million people living as modern slaves. Human trafficking often leads to modern-day slavery as individuals are exploited and unable to leave due to threats, coercion or violence. In East Africa, Eritrea stands out as the only country in the region classified as tier three, indicating the most severe level of human trafficking concerns. The prevalence of child sex trafficking in East Africa is particularly alarming, with 31 percent of sex-trafficking victims being minors. This continental overview highlights the complex and widespread nature of human trafficking across Africa, emphasizing the need for coordinated governmental efforts to address this critical issue.

The involvement of gut microbiota in T-cell trafficking into tumor tissue of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be further elucidated. The current study aimed to evaluate the expression of major cytotoxic T-cell trafficking chemokines (CTTCs) and chemokine-associated microbiota profiles in both tumor and adjacent normal tissues during CRC progression. We analyzed the expression of chemokine C-X-C motif ligands 9, 10, and 11 (CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11), and C-C motif ligand 5 (CCL5), characterized gut mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM), and investigated their correlations in CRC patients. Our results showed that the expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 was significantly higher in tumor than in adjacent normal tissues in 136 CRC patients. Notably, the high expression of CXCL9 in tumor tissues was associated with enhanced CD8+ T-cell infiltration and improved survival. Moreover, the MAM in tumor tissues showed reduction of microbial diversity and increase of oral bacteria. Microbial network analysis identified differences in microbial composition and structure between tumor and adjacent normal tissues. In addition, stronger associations between oral bacteria and other gut microbes were observed. Furthermore, the correlation analysis between the defined MAM and individual CTTCs showed that the CTTCs’ correlated operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in tumor and adjacent normal tissues rarely overlap with each other. Notably, all the enriched OTUs were positively correlated with the CTTCs in either tumor or adjacent normal tissues. Our findings demonstrated stronger interactions between oral bacteria and gut microbes, and a shifted correlation pattern between MAM and major CTTCs in tumor tissues, underlining possible mechanisms of gut microbiota–host interaction in CRC.

There are multiple regulatory layers that control intracellular trafficking and protein secretion, ranging from transcriptional to posttranslational mechanisms. Finely regulated trafficking and secretion is especially important for lymphocytes during activation and differentiation, as the quantity of secretory cargo increases once the activated cells start to produce and secrete large amounts of cytokines, cytotoxins, or antibodies. However, how the secretory machinery dynamically adapts its efficiency and specificity in general and specifically in lymphocytes remains incompletely understood. Here we present a systematic bioinformatics analysis to address RNA-based mechanisms that control intracellular trafficking and protein secretion during B-lymphocyte activation, and differentiation, with a focus on alternative splicing. Our in silico analyses suggest that alternative splicing has a substantial impact on the dynamic adaptation of intracellular traffic and protein secretion in different B cell subtypes, pointing to another regulatory layer to the control of lymphocyte function during activation and differentiation. Furthermore, we suggest that NERF/ELF2 controls the expression of some COPII-related genes in a cell type-specific manner. In addition, T cells and B cells appear to use different adaptive strategies to adjust their secretory machineries during the generation of effector and memory cells, with antibody secreting B cell specifically increasing the expression of components of the early secretory pathway. Together, our data provide hypotheses how cell type-specific regulation of the trafficking machinery during immune cell activation and differentiation is controlled that can now be tested in wet lab experiments.

In 2022, just under 814 people were registered as possible victims of human trafficking in the Netherlands. This was an increase compared to the previous year, when around 790 possible victims were registered. The highest number of possible victims of human trafficking was registered in 2012 with over 1,700.

More than 3600 organised crime groups are active in the EU. To combat this ever increasing and global criminal activity, European law enforcement authorities joined forces for operation Archimedes. Some of the results of the largest operation ever organised in the EU were: more than 1000 arrests, the seizure of two tonnes of drugs, one million euros confiscated and 30 children saved from trafficking. But this operation was only one of the many investigations that Europol staff support on a daily basis.