Declassified satellite images provide an important worldwide record of land-surface change. With the success of the first release of classified satellite photography in 1995, images from U.S. military intelligence satellites KH-7 and KH-9 were declassified in accordance with Executive Order 12951 in 2002. The data were originally used for cartographic information and reconnaissance for U.S. intelligence agencies. Since the images could be of historical value for global change research and were no longer critical to national security, the collection was made available to the public. Keyhole (KH) satellite systems KH-7 and KH-9 acquired photographs of the Earth’s surface with a telescopic camera system and transported the exposed film through the use of recovery capsules. The capsules or buckets were de-orbited and retrieved by aircraft while the capsules parachuted to earth. The exposed film was developed and the images were analyzed for a range of military applications. The KH-7 surveillance system was a high resolution imaging system that was operational from July 1963 to June 1967. Approximately 18,000 black-and-white images and 230 color images are available from the 38 missions flown during this program. Key features for this program were larger area of coverage and improved ground resolution. The cameras acquired imagery in continuous lengthwise sweeps of the terrain. KH-7 images are 9 inches wide, vary in length from 4 inches to 500 feet long, and have a resolution of 2 to 4 feet. The KH-9 mapping program was operational from March 1973 to October 1980 and was designed to support mapping requirements and exact positioning of geographical points for the military. This was accomplished by using image overlap for stereo coverage and by using a camera system with a reseau grid to correct image distortion. The KH-9 framing cameras produced 9 x 18 inch imagery at a resolution of 20-30 feet. Approximately 29,000 mapping images were acquired from 12 missions. The original film sources are maintained by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Duplicate film sources held in the USGS EROS Center archive are used to produce digital copies of the imagery.

Satellite sensor artifacts can negatively impact the interpretation of satellite data. One such artifact is linear features in imagery which can be caused by a variety of sensor issues and can present as either wide, consistent features called banding, or as narrow, inconsistent features called striping. This study used high-resolution data from DigitalGlobe's WorldView-3 satellite collected at Lake Okeechobee, Florida, on 30 August 2017. Primarily designed as a land sensor, this study investigated the impact of vertical artifacts on both at-sensor radiance and a spectral index for an aquatic target. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: NGA Nextview license agreements prohibit the distribution of original data files from WorldView due to copyright. It can be accessed through the following means: National Geospatial Intelligence Agency contract details prevent distribution of Maxar data.

Questions regarding Nextvew can be sent so NGANextView_License@nga.mil. Questions regarding the NASA Commercial Data Buy can be sent to yvonne.ivey@nasa.gov. Format: high-resolution data from DigitalGlobe's WorldView-3 satellite.

This dataset is associated with the following publication: Coffer, M., P. Whitman, B. Schaeffer, V. Hill, R. Zimmerman, W. Salls, M. Lebrasse, and D. Graybill. Vertical artifacts in high-resolution WorldView-2 and WorldView-3 satellite imagery of aquatic systems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING. Taylor & Francis, Inc., Philadelphia, PA, USA, 43(4): 1199-1225, (2022).

On February 24, 1995, President Clinton signed an Executive Order, directing the declassification of intelligence imagery acquired by the first generation of United States photo-reconnaissance satellites, including the systems code-named CORONA, ARGON, and LANYARD. More than 860,000 images of the Earth's surface, collected between 1960 and 1972, were declassified with the issuance of this Executive Order. Image collection was driven, in part, by the need to confirm purported developments in then-Soviet strategic missile capabilities. The images also were used to produce maps and charts for the Department of Defense and for other Federal Government mapping programs. In addition to the images, documents and reports (collateral information) are available, pertaining to frame ephemeris data, orbital ephemeris data, and mission performance. Document availability varies by mission; documentation was not produced for unsuccessful missions.

NEW GOES-19 Data!! On April 4, 2025 at 1500 UTC, the GOES-19 satellite will be declared the Operational GOES-East satellite. All products and services, including NODD, for GOES-East will transition to GOES-19 data at that time. GOES-19 will operate out of the GOES-East location of 75.2°W starting on April 1, 2025 and through the operational transition. Until the transition time and during the final stretch of Post Launch Product Testing (PLPT), GOES-19 products are considered non-operational regardless of their validation maturity level. Shortly following the transition of GOES-19 to GOES-East, all data distribution from GOES-16 will be turned off. GOES-16 will drift to the storage location at 104.7°W. GOES-19 data should begin flowing again on April 4th once this maneuver is complete.

NEW GOES 16 Reprocess Data!! The reprocessed GOES-16 ABI L1b data mitigates systematic data issues (including data gaps and image artifacts) seen in the Operational products, and improves the stability of both the radiometric and geometric calibration over the course of the entire mission life. These data were produced by recomputing the L1b radiance products from input raw L0 data using improved calibration algorithms and look-up tables, derived from data analysis of the NIST-traceable, on-board sources. In addition, the reprocessed data products contain enhancements to the L1b file format, including limb pixels and pixel timestamps, while maintaining compatibility with the operational products. The datasets currently available span the operational life of GOES-16 ABI, from early 2018 through the end of 2024. The Reprocessed L1b dataset shows improvement over the Operational L1b products but may still contain data gaps or discrepancies. Please provide feedback to Dan Lindsey (dan.lindsey@noaa.gov) and Gary Lin (guoqing.lin-1@nasa.gov). More information can be found in the GOES-R ABI Reprocess User Guide.


NOTICE: As of January 10th 2023, GOES-18 assumed the GOES-West position and all data files are deemed both operational and provisional, so no ‘preliminary, non-operational’ caveat is needed. GOES-17 is now offline, shifted approximately 105 degree West, where it will be in on-orbit storage. GOES-17 data will no longer flow into the GOES-17 bucket. Operational GOES-West products can be found in the GOES-18 bucket.

GOES satellites (GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18 & GOES-19) provide continuous weather imagery and monitoring of meteorological and space environment data across North America. GOES satellites provide the kind of continuous monitoring necessary for intensive data analysis. They hover continuously over one position on the surface. The satellites orbit high enough to allow for a full-disc view of the Earth. Because they stay above a fixed spot on the surface, they provide a constant vigil for the atmospheric "triggers" for severe weather conditions such as tornadoes, flash floods, hailstorms, and hurricanes. When these conditions develop, the GOES satellites are able to monitor storm development and track their movements. SUVI products available in both NetCDF and FITS.

This application is intended for informational purposes only and is not an operational product. The tool provides the capability to access, view and interact with satellite imagery, and shows the latest view of Earth as it appears from space.For additional imagery from NOAA's GOES East and GOES West satellites, please visit our Imagery and Data page or our cooperative institute partners at CIRA and CIMSS.This website should not be used to support operational observation, forecasting, emergency, or disaster mitigation operations, either public or private. In addition, we do not provide weather forecasts on this site — that is the mission of the National Weather Service. Please contact them for any forecast questions or issues. Using the Maps​What does the Layering Options icon mean?The Layering Options widget provides a list of operational layers and their symbols, and allows you to turn individual layers on and off. The order in which layers appear in this widget corresponds to the layer order in the map. The top layer ‘checked’ will indicate what you are viewing in the map, and you may be unable to view the layers below.Layers with expansion arrows indicate that they contain sublayers or subtypes.Do these maps work on mobile devices and different browsers?Yes!Why are there black stripes / missing data on the map?NOAA Satellite Maps is for informational purposes only and is not an operational product; there are times when data is not available.Why are the North and South Poles dark?The raw satellite data used in these web map apps goes through several processing steps after it has been acquired from space. These steps translate the raw data into geospatial data and imagery projected onto a map. NOAA Satellite Maps uses the Mercator projection to portray the Earth's 3D surface in two dimensions. This Mercator projection does not include data at 80 degrees north and south latitude due to distortion, which is why the poles appear black in these maps. NOAA's polar satellites are a critical resource in acquiring operational data at the poles of the Earth and some of this imagery is available on our website (for example, here ).Why does the imagery load slowly?This map viewer does not load pre-generated web-ready graphics and animations like many satellite imagery apps you may be used to seeing. Instead, it downloads geospatial data from our data servers through a Map Service, and the app in your browser renders the imagery in real-time. Each pixel needs to be rendered and geolocated on the web map for it to load.How can I get the raw data and download the GIS World File for the images I choose?NOAA Satellite Maps offers an interoperable map service to the public. Use the camera tool to select the area of the map you would like to capture and click ‘download GIS WorldFile.’The geospatial data Map Service for the NOAA Satellite Maps GOES satellite imagery is located on our Satellite Maps ArcGIS REST Web Service ( available here ).We support open information sharing and integration through this RESTful Service, which can be used by a multitude of GIS software packages and web map applications (both open and licensed).Data is for display purposes only, and should not be used operationally.Are there any restrictions on using this imagery?NOAA supports an open data policy and we encourage publication of imagery from NOAA Satellite Maps; when doing so, please cite it as "NOAA" and also consider including a permalink (such as this one) to allow others to explore the imagery.For acknowledgment in scientific journals, please use:We acknowledge the use of imagery from the NOAA Satellite Maps application: LINKThis imagery is not copyrighted. You may use this material for educational or informational purposes, including photo collections, textbooks, public exhibits, computer graphical simulations and internet web pages. This general permission extends to personal web pages. About this satellite imageryWhat am I looking at in these maps?What am I seeing in the NOAA Satellite Maps 3D Scene?There are four options to choose from, each depicting a different view of the Earth using the latest satellite imagery available. The first three views show the Western Hemisphere and the Pacific Ocean, as captured by the NOAA GOES East (GOES-16) and GOES West (GOES-17) satellites. These images are updated approximately every 15 minutes as we receive data from the satellites in space. The three views show GeoColor, infrared and water vapor. See our other FAQs to learn more about what the imagery layering options depict.The fourth option is a global view, captured by NOAA’s polar-orbiting satellites (NOAA/NASA Suomi NPP and NOAA-20). The polar satellites circle the globe 14 times a day, taking in one complete view of the Earth in daylight every 24 hours. This composite view is what is projected onto the 3D map scene each morning, so you are seeing how the Earth looked from space one day ago.What am I seeing in the Latest 24 Hrs. GOES Constellation Map?In this map you are seeing the past 24 hours (updated approximately every 15 minutes) of the Western Hemisphere and Pacific Ocean, as seen by the NOAA GOES East (GOES-16) and GOES West (GOES-17) satellites. In this map you can also view three different ‘layers’. The three views show ‘GeoColor’ ‘infrared’ and ‘water vapor’.(Please note: GOES West imagery is currently only available in GeoColor. The infrared and water vapor imagery will be available in Spring 2019.)This maps shows the coverage area of the GOES East and GOES West satellites. GOES East, which orbits the Earth from 75.2 degrees west longitude, provides a continuous view of the Western Hemisphere, from the West Coast of Africa to North and South America. GOES West, which orbits the Earth at 137.2 degrees west longitude, sees western North and South America and the central and eastern Pacific Ocean all the way to New Zealand.What am I seeing in the Global Archive Map?In this map, you will see the whole Earth as captured each day by our polar satellites, based on our multi-year archive of data. This data is provided by NOAA’s polar orbiting satellites (NOAA/NASA Suomi NPP from January 2014 to April 19, 2018 and NOAA-20 from April 20, 2018 to today). The polar satellites circle the globe 14 times a day taking in one complete view of the Earth every 24 hours. This complete view is what is projected onto the flat map scene each morning.What does the GOES GeoColor imagery show?The 'Merged GeoColor’ map shows the coverage area of the GOES East and GOES West satellites and includes the entire Western Hemisphere and most of the Pacific Ocean. This imagery uses a combination of visible and infrared channels and is updated approximately every 15 minutes in real time. GeoColor imagery approximates how the human eye would see Earth from space during daylight hours, and is created by combining several of the spectral channels from the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) – the primary instrument on the GOES satellites. The wavelengths of reflected sunlight from the red and blue portions of the spectrum are merged with a simulated green wavelength component, creating RGB (red-green-blue) imagery. At night, infrared imagery shows high clouds as white and low clouds and fog as light blue. The static city lights background basemap is derived from a single composite image from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day Night Band. For example, temporary power outages will not be visible. Learn more.What does the GOES infrared map show?The 'GOES infrared' map displays heat radiating off of clouds and the surface of the Earth and is updated every 15 minutes in near real time. Higher clouds colorized in orange often correspond to more active weather systems. This infrared band is one of 12 channels on the Advanced Baseline Imager, the primary instrument on both the GOES East and West satellites. on the GOES the multiple GOES East ABI sensor’s infrared bands, and is updated every 15 minutes in real time. Infrared satellite imagery can be "colorized" or "color-enhanced" to bring out details in cloud patterns. These color enhancements are useful to meteorologists because they signify “brightness temperatures,” which are approximately the temperature of the radiating body, whether it be a cloud or the Earth’s surface. In this imagery, yellow and orange areas signify taller/colder clouds, which often correlate with more active weather systems. Blue areas are usually “clear sky,” while pale white areas typically indicate low-level clouds. During a hurricane, cloud top temperatures will be higher (and colder), and therefore appear dark red. This imagery is derived from band #13 on the GOES East and GOES West Advanced Baseline Imager.How does infrared satellite imagery work?The infrared (IR) band detects radiation that is emitted by the Earth’s surface, atmosphere and clouds, in the “infrared window” portion of the spectrum. The radiation has a wavelength near 10.3 micrometers, and the term “window” means that it passes through the atmosphere with relatively little absorption by gases such as water vapor. It is useful for estimating the emitting temperature of the Earth’s surface and cloud tops. A major advantage of the IR band is that it can sense energy at night, so this imagery is available 24 hours a day.What do the colors on the infrared map represent?In this imagery, yellow and orange areas signify taller/colder clouds, which often correlate with more active weather systems. Blue areas are clear sky, while pale white areas indicate low-level clouds, or potentially frozen surfaces. Learn more about this weather imagery.What does the GOES water vapor map layer show?The GOES ‘water vapor’ map displays the concentration and location of clouds and water vapor in the atmosphere and shows data from both the GOES East and GOES West satellites. Imagery is updated approximately every 15 minutes in

There has been a tremendous increase in the volume of sensor data collected over the last decade for different monitoring tasks. For example, petabytes of earth science data are collected from modern satellites, in-situ sensors and different climate models. Similarly, huge amount of flight operational data is downloaded for different commercial airlines. These different types of datasets need to be analyzed for finding outliers. Information extraction from such rich data sources using advanced data mining methodologies is a challenging task not only due to the massive volume of data, but also because these datasets are physically stored at different geographical locations with only a subset of features available at any location. Moving these petabytes of data to a single location may waste a lot of bandwidth. To solve this problem, in this paper, we present a novel algorithm which can identify outliers in the entire data without moving all the data to a single location. The method we propose only centralizes a very small sample from the different data subsets at different locations. We analytically prove and experimentally verify that the algorithm offers high accuracy compared to complete centralization with only a fraction of the communication cost. We show that our algorithm is highly relevant to both earth sciences and aeronautics by describing applications in these domains. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated on two large publicly available datasets: (1) the NASA MODIS satellite images and (2) a simulated aviation dataset generated by the ‘Commercial Modular Aero-Propulsion System Simulation’ (CMAPSS).

This data set contains shapefiles of termini traces from 294 Greenland glaciers, derived using a deep learning algorithm (AutoTerm) applied to satellite imagery. The model functions as a pipeline, imputing publicly availably satellite imagery from Google Earth Engine (GEE) and outputting shapefiles of glacial termini positions for each image. Also available are supplementary data, including temporal coverage of termini traces, time series data of termini variations, and updated land, ocean, and ice masks derived from the Greenland Ice Sheet Mapping Project (GrIMP) ice masks.

NASA's goal in Earth science is to observe, understand, and model the Earth system to discover how it is changing, to better predict change, and to understand the consequences for life on Earth. The Applied Sciences Program, within the Earth Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, serves individuals and organizations around the globe by expanding and accelerating societal and economic benefits derived from Earth science, information, and technology research and development.

The Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) Project, funded through the Applied Sciences Program at NASA Langley Research Center, gathers NASA Earth observation data and parameters related to the fields of surface solar irradiance and meteorology to serve the public in several free, easy-to-access and easy-to-use methods. POWER helps communities become resilient amid observed climate variability by improving data accessibility, aiding research in energy development, building energy efficiency, and supporting agriculture projects.

The POWER project contains over 380 satellite-derived meteorology and solar energy Analysis Ready Data (ARD) at four temporal levels: hourly, daily, monthly, and climatology. The POWER data archive provides data at the native resolution of the source products. The data is updated nightly to maintain near real time availability (2-3 days for meteorological parameters and 5-7 days for solar). The POWER services catalog consists of a series of RESTful Application Programming Interfaces, geospatial enabled image services, and web mapping Data Access Viewer. These three service offerings support data discovery, access, and distribution to the project’s user base as ARD and as direct application inputs to decision support tools.

The latest data version update includes hourly-based source ARD, in addition to enhanced daily, monthly, annual, and climatology data. The daily time series for meteorology is available from 1981, while solar-based parameters start in 1984. The hourly source data are from Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) and Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO), spanning from 1984 for meteorology and from 2001 for solar-based parameters. The hourly data equips users with the ARD needed to model building system energy performance, providing information directly amenable to decision support tools introducing the industry standard EnergyPlus Weather file format.

Thanks to the public availability of satellite data (optical imagery of ESA Sentinel 2 and NASA Landsat 5, 7 & 8 with pixel resolutions of 10-30 metres and a revisit time of 1 to 2 weeks) and new analytical tools for processing big data (such as the Google Earth Engine), the EMODnet Geology team in collaboration with Deltares and TNO (Geological Survey of the Netherlands) were able to look at shoreline migration in a new way. Scripts for automated detection of the land-water boundary were used to separate land from water in annual image composites for the period 2007-2017. During this process, data points were generated for each part along the European shoreline. These points were then averaged by year and analysed for a decadal period. Visualising pan-European shoreline change means making choices, like defining a stable shoreline for example. A mean rate of 0.5 metre per year was chosen, though this rate depends on the landscape: granite cliffs for example shows less decadal dynamics compared to a sandy barrier island. The spatial resolution of the method, depending on the pixel resolution of the individual satellite images which is about 10 metres, is still limiting. Validations of abovementioned method have shown that the method is less accurate in case of bluffs, cliffs and muddy coasts, and as such further validations will need to take place. EMODnet Geology hopes that by releasing the satellite-based dataset now, coastal experts and other end users will be able to discover and communicate possibilities and limitations of automated methods for the extraction of shoreline position and quantification of annual to decadal change. To help in this process, a companion map showing shoreline migration on the basis of field data and expert is made available, thereby facilitating a first-order comparison.

EarthExplorerUse the USGS EarthExplorer (EE) to search, download, and order satellite images, aerial photographs, and cartographic products. In addition to data from the Landsat missions and a variety of other data providers, EE provides access to MODIS land data products from the NASA Terra and Aqua missions, and ASTER level-1B data products over the U.S. and Territories from the NASA ASTER mission. Registered users of EE have access to more features than guest users.Earth Explorer Distribution DownloadThe EarthExplorer user interface is an online search, discovery, and ordering tool developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). EarthExplorer supports the searching of satellite, aircraft, and other remote sensing inventories through interactive and textual-based query capabilities. Through the interface, users can identify search areas, datasets, and display metadata, browse and integrated visual services within the interface.The distributable version of EarthExplorer provides the basic software to provide this functionality. Users are responsible for verification of system recommendations for hosting the application on your own servers. By default, this version of our code is not hooked up to a data source so you will have to integrate the interface with your data. Integration options include service-based API's, databases, and anything else that stores data. To integrate with a data source simply replace the contents of the 'getDataset' and 'search' functions in the CWIC.php file.Distribution is being provided due to users requests for the codebase. The EarthExplorer source code is provided "As Is", without a warranty or support of any kind. The software is in the public domain; it is available to any government or private institution.The software code base is managed through the USGS Configuration Management Board. The software is managed through an automated configuration management tool that updates the code base when new major releases have been thoroughly reviewed and tested.Link: https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/

Aquarius Level 3 ocean surface wind speed standard mapped image data contains gridded 1 degree spatial resolution wind speed data averaged over daily, 7 day, monthly, and seasonal timescales. This particular data set is the Annual wind speed product for version 5.0 of the Aquarius data set, which is the official end of mission public data release from the AQUARIUS/SAC-D mission. The Aquarius instrument is onboard the AQUARIUS/SAC-D satellite, a collaborative effort between NASA and the Argentinian Space Agency Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE). The instrument consists of three radiometers in push broom alignment at incidence angles of 29, 38, and 46 degrees incidence angles relative to the shadow side of the orbit. Footprints for the beams are: 76 km (along-track) x 94 km (cross-track), 84 km x 120 km and 96km x 156 km, yielding a total cross-track swath of 370 km. The radiometers measure brightness temperature at 1.413 GHz in their respective horizontal and vertical polarizations (TH and TV). A scatterometer operating at 1.26 GHz measures ocean backscatter in each footprint that is used for surface roughness corrections in the estimation of salinity. The scatterometer has an approximate 390km swath.

This Mars viewer highlights foundational controlled mosaics including Viking MDIM v2.1, MOLA/HRSC Blended Hillshade, THEMIS IR Day/Night mosaics and uncontrolled but high-resolution mosaics (Caltech Murray Lab CTX and Hirise PSP/ESP). Datasets have been compiled together and gratefully hosted as a Tiled Web Services by Esri.Data descriptions and their creators are provided below:IAU Mars nomenclature (credit: IAU/USGS). This set of layers are split into scale-friendly layers showing albedo features, small (lt 100km), large craters (gt 100km), and miscellaneous for the remaining features. Click on any feature to link to the IAU planetary gazetteer site hosted at USGS. Planetary nomenclature, like terrestrial nomenclature, is used to uniquely identify a feature on the surface of a planet or satellite so that the feature can be easily located, described, and discussed. This gazetteer contains detailed information about all names of topographic and albedo features on planets and satellites (and some planetary ring and ring-gap systems) that the International Astronomical Union (IAU) has named and approved from its founding in 1919 through the present time. Definition of types: https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/DescriptorTerms.Mars MRO HiRISE Uncontrolled PSP/ESP Equatorial Mosaic (credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona/USGS/Esri). This is very sparse equatorial uncontrolled mosaic for the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) using all available "red" Primary Science Phase (PSP) and Extended Science Phase (ESP) images as released through 2018. The HiRISE instrument, operated by the University of Arizona, is onboard NASA's 2005 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). Due to its extreme 0.25 - 1m/pixel spatial resolution, has attained about 3% coverage of Mars. These images are spatially located using initial pointing information for the low-resolution MOLA elevation model. Thus images can be horizontally misplaced by 100s of meters. All data used in the construction of this sparse HiRISE mosaic, were map projected at UofA, and have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression using an 8 bit data range.Mars MRO HiRISE Stereo DTM Orthorectified Images (credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona/USGS/Esri). This is very sparse mosaic for the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) stereo orthorectified images, red band, as released through 2018. The HiRISE instrument, as operated by The University of Arizona (UofA), is onboard NASA's 2005 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). Due to its extreme 0.25 - 1m/pixel spatial resolution, has attained less than 1% coverage of Mars (currently about 500 stereo pairs in total). These images are orthorectified (or terrain corrected) at native resolution (usually 0.25 - 0.5 m/pixel) through HiRISE stereo-generated digital terrain models (DTMs). These DTMs are made from two images of the same area on the ground, taken from different look angles. These DTMs and orthorectified images are generated by a variety a planetary facilities including the UofA, USGS, and others. All data used in the construction of this sparse HiRISE mosaic have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression using an 8 bit data range.Mars ME HRSC and MGS MOLA Blended Global Colorized Hillshade v2 (credit: NASA/JPL/ESA/DLR/USGS/Esri). This data product, now at version 2, is a blend of digital elevation model (DEM/DTM) data derived from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA), an instrument aboard NASA’s Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft (MGS), and the High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC), an instrument aboard the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spacecraft. The average accuracy is ~100 meters in horizontal position and the total elevation uncertainty is at least ±3 m. This blended DEM was then used to produce a hillshade colorized by elevation. This shaded relief (or hillshade) is just a visual representation for the original DEM using a simulated light source at 270 azimuth from north and 45 degrees up from the horizon. All data used in the construction of this DEM have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System and ESA Planetary Science Archive. When used, data credit should be: NASA/JPL/ESA/DLR/USGS/Esri. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression over an 8 bit data range.Mars MRO Caltech Murray Lab CTX Uncontrolled Mosaic Beta01 (credit: NASA/JPL/MSSS/The Caltech Murray Lab/Esri). This is a preliminary uncontrolled Context Camera (CTX) mosaic, called beta01, that the Murray Lab at Caltech has created to (1) generate a list of orbits that will be included in the final mosaic, (2) decipher challenges involved with generating a product of this unprecedented scale, and (3) solicit feedback from the Mars science community for how best to generate the mosaic in a way that helps as diverse a group of scientists as possible. The CTX camera, as managed by Malin Space Science Systems (MSSS), has attained near global coverage of Mars at the scale of ~5 m/pixel. All data used in the construction of this CTX global mosaic have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System. The Murray Lab/Caltech grants free use of the beta01 version of the mosaic for all purposes. When used, data credit should be: NASA/JPL/MSSS/The Caltech Murray Lab/Esri. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression at an 8 bit data range. Mars MO THEMIS IR Daytime/Nighttime Near-global Mosaic (credit: NASA/JPL/ASU/USGS/Esri). The Mars Odyssey THEMIS IR Daytime and Nighttime near-global controlled mosaics were created by Astrogeology at 100m/p using data originally from Arizona State University (and NASA's Mars Odyssey mission). This represents all tiles that were completed as of Oct. 2018. It is fully-controlled and should closely align to the MOLA DEM/hillshade. This mosaic only covers from -65 to 65 latitude. For more background please see: https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/maps/mars-themis-controlled-mosaics-and-final-smithed-kernels Mars Viking Digital Image Controlled Mosaic (MDIM) v2.1 (credit: NASA/JPL/USGS/Esri). This global image map of Mars has a resolution of 231 m/pixel at the equator. The colorized mosaic was completed by NASA AMES which warped the original Viking colorized mosaic and blended it over the latest black/white Viking-based Mars Digital Image Model (MDIM 2.1) created by the USGS. The positional accuracy of features in MDIM 2.1 is estimated to be roughly one pixel (200 m). This new mosaic uses the most recent coordinate system definitions for Mars. As a result, MDIM 2.1 not only registers precisely with data from current missions such as Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) and 2001 Mars Odyssey but will serve as an accurate base map on which data from future missions can be plotted. All data used in the construction of this Viking global mosaic have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression at an 8 bit data range.

The National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) acquires aerial imagery during the agricultural growing seasons in the continental U.S. A primary goal of the NAIP program is to make digital ortho photography available to governmental agencies and the public within a year of acquisition.

NAIP is administered by the USDA's Farm Service Agency (FSA) through the Aerial Photography Field Office in Salt Lake City. This "leaf-on" imagery is used as a base layer for GIS programs in FSA's County Service Centers, and is used to maintain the Common Land Unit (CLU) boundaries.

This Mars viewer highlights foundational controlled mosaics including Viking MDIM v2.1, MOLA/HRSC Blended Hillshade, THEMIS IR Day/Night mosaics and uncontrolled but high-resolution mosaics (Caltech Murray Lab CTX and Hirise PSP/ESP). Datasets have been compiled together and gratefully hosted as a Tiled Web Services by Esri.Data descriptions and their creators are provided below:IAU Mars nomenclature (credit: IAU/USGS). This set of layers are split into scale-friendly layers showing albedo features, small (lt 100km), large craters (gt 100km), and miscellaneous for the remaining features. Click on any feature to link to the IAU planetary gazetteer site hosted at USGS. Planetary nomenclature, like terrestrial nomenclature, is used to uniquely identify a feature on the surface of a planet or satellite so that the feature can be easily located, described, and discussed. This gazetteer contains detailed information about all names of topographic and albedo features on planets and satellites (and some planetary ring and ring-gap systems) that the International Astronomical Union (IAU) has named and approved from its founding in 1919 through the present time. Definition of types: https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/DescriptorTerms.Mars MRO HiRISE Uncontrolled PSP/ESP Equatorial Mosaic (credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona/USGS/Esri). This is very sparse equatorial uncontrolled mosaic for the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) using all available "red" Primary Science Phase (PSP) and Extended Science Phase (ESP) images as released through 2018. The HiRISE instrument, operated by the University of Arizona, is onboard NASA's 2005 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). Due to its extreme 0.25 - 1m/pixel spatial resolution, has attained about 3% coverage of Mars. These images are spatially located using initial pointing information for the low-resolution MOLA elevation model. Thus images can be horizontally misplaced by 100s of meters. All data used in the construction of this sparse HiRISE mosaic, were map projected at UofA, and have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression using an 8 bit data range.Mars MRO HiRISE Stereo DTM Orthorectified Images (credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona/USGS/Esri). This is very sparse mosaic for the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) stereo orthorectified images, red band, as released through 2018. The HiRISE instrument, as operated by The University of Arizona (UofA), is onboard NASA's 2005 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). Due to its extreme 0.25 - 1m/pixel spatial resolution, has attained less than 1% coverage of Mars (currently about 500 stereo pairs in total). These images are orthorectified (or terrain corrected) at native resolution (usually 0.25 - 0.5 m/pixel) through HiRISE stereo-generated digital terrain models (DTMs). These DTMs are made from two images of the same area on the ground, taken from different look angles. These DTMs and orthorectified images are generated by a variety a planetary facilities including the UofA, USGS, and others. All data used in the construction of this sparse HiRISE mosaic have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression using an 8 bit data range.Mars ME HRSC and MGS MOLA Blended Global Colorized Hillshade v2 (credit: NASA/JPL/ESA/DLR/USGS/Esri). This data product, now at version 2, is a blend of digital elevation model (DEM/DTM) data derived from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA), an instrument aboard NASA’s Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft (MGS), and the High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC), an instrument aboard the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spacecraft. The average accuracy is ~100 meters in horizontal position and the total elevation uncertainty is at least ±3 m. This blended DEM was then used to produce a hillshade colorized by elevation. This shaded relief (or hillshade) is just a visual representation for the original DEM using a simulated light source at 270 azimuth from north and 45 degrees up from the horizon. All data used in the construction of this DEM have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System and ESA Planetary Science Archive. When used, data credit should be: NASA/JPL/ESA/DLR/USGS/Esri. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression over an 8 bit data range.Mars MRO Caltech Murray Lab CTX Uncontrolled Mosaic Beta01 (credit: NASA/JPL/MSSS/The Caltech Murray Lab/Esri). This is a preliminary uncontrolled Context Camera (CTX) mosaic, called beta01, that the Murray Lab at Caltech has created to (1) generate a list of orbits that will be included in the final mosaic, (2) decipher challenges involved with generating a product of this unprecedented scale, and (3) solicit feedback from the Mars science community for how best to generate the mosaic in a way that helps as diverse a group of scientists as possible. The CTX camera, as managed by Malin Space Science Systems (MSSS), has attained near global coverage of Mars at the scale of ~5 m/pixel. All data used in the construction of this CTX global mosaic have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System. The Murray Lab/Caltech grants free use of the beta01 version of the mosaic for all purposes. When used, data credit should be: NASA/JPL/MSSS/The Caltech Murray Lab/Esri. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression at an 8 bit data range. Mars MO THEMIS IR Daytime/Nighttime Near-global Mosaic (credit: NASA/JPL/ASU/USGS/Esri). The Mars Odyssey THEMIS IR Daytime and Nighttime near-global controlled mosaics were created by Astrogeology at 100m/p using data originally from Arizona State University (and NASA's Mars Odyssey mission). This represents all tiles that were completed as of Oct. 2018. It is fully-controlled and should closely align to the MOLA DEM/hillshade. This mosaic only covers from -65 to 65 latitude. For more background please see: https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/maps/mars-themis-controlled-mosaics-and-final-smithed-kernels Mars Viking Digital Image Controlled Mosaic (MDIM) v2.1 (credit: NASA/JPL/USGS/Esri). This global image map of Mars has a resolution of 231 m/pixel at the equator. The colorized mosaic was completed by NASA AMES which warped the original Viking colorized mosaic and blended it over the latest black/white Viking-based Mars Digital Image Model (MDIM 2.1) created by the USGS. The positional accuracy of features in MDIM 2.1 is estimated to be roughly one pixel (200 m). This new mosaic uses the most recent coordinate system definitions for Mars. As a result, MDIM 2.1 not only registers precisely with data from current missions such as Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) and 2001 Mars Odyssey but will serve as an accurate base map on which data from future missions can be plotted. All data used in the construction of this Viking global mosaic have been publicly released and are freely available via the NASA Planetary Data System. This tiled web service, as hosted by Esri, is made available using lossy Jpeg compression at an 8 bit data range.

Aquarius Level 3 sea surface salinity (SSS) standard mapped image data contains gridded 1 degree spatial resolution SSS averaged over daily, 7 day, monthly, and seasonal time scales. This particular data set is the Daily,Descending sea surface salinity product for version 5.0 of the Aquarius data set, which is the official end of mission public data release from the AQUARIUS/SAC-D mission. Only retrieved values for Descending passes have been used to create this product. The Aquarius instrument is onboard the AQUARIUS/SAC-D satellite, a collaborative effort between NASA and the Argentinian Space Agency Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE). The instrument consists of three radiometers in push broom alignment at incidence angles of 29, 38, and 46 degrees incidence angles relative to the shadow side of the orbit. Footprints for the beams are: 76 km (along-track) x 94 km (cross-track), 84 km x 120 km and 96km x 156 km, yielding a total cross-track swath of 370 km. The radiometers measure brightness temperature at 1.413 GHz in their respective horizontal and vertical polarizations (TH and TV). A scatterometer operating at 1.26 GHz measures ocean backscatter in each footprint that is used for surface roughness corrections in the estimation of salinity. The scatterometer has an approximate 390km swath.

The ESA SPOT 1-5 collection is a dataset of SPOT 1 to 5 Panchromatic and Multispectral products that ESA collected over the years. The HRV(IR) sensor onboard SPOT 1-4 provides data at 10 m spatial resolution Panchromatic mode (-1 band) and 20 m (Multispectral mode -3 or 4 bands). The HRG sensor on board of SPOT-5 provides spatial resolution of the imagery to < 3 m in the panchromatic band and to 10 m in the multispectral mode (3 bands). The SWIR band imagery remains at 20 m. The dataset mainly focuses on European and African sites but some American, Asian and Greenland areas are also covered. Spatial coverage: Check the spatial coverage of the collection on a map available on the Third Party Missions Dissemination Service. The SPOT Collection

Aquarius Level 3 sea surface density standard mapped image data contains gridded 1 degree spatial resolution derived density averaged over daily, 7 day, monthly, and seasonal time scales. This particular data set is the Seasonal, sea surface density product forversion 5.0 of the Aquarius data set, which is the official end of mission public data release from the AQUARIUS/SAC-D mission. Surface density estimates are based on TEOS-10 and derived using retrieved salinity from Aquarius and collocated ancillary SST (Reynolds OI 0.25 degree product). The Aquarius instrument is onboard the AQUARIUS/SAC-D satellite, a collaborative effort between NASA and the Argentinian Space Agency Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE). The instrument consists of three radiometers in push broom alignment at incidence angles of 29, 38, and 46 degrees incidence angles relative to the shadow side of the orbit. Footprints for the beams are: 76 km (along-track) x 94 km (cross-track), 84 km x 120 km and 96km x 156 km, yielding a total cross-track swath of 370 km. The radiometers measure brightness temperature at 1.413 GHz in their respective horizontal and vertical polarizations (TH and TV). A scatterometer operating at 1.26 GHz measures ocean backscatter in each footprint that is used for surface roughness corrections in the estimation of salinity. The scatterometer has an approximate 390km swath.

Aquarius Level 3 sea surface salinity (SSS) standard mapped image data contains gridded 1 degree spatial resolution SSS averaged over daily, 7 day, monthly, and seasonal time scales.This particular data set is the 7-Day sea surface salinity product for version 5.0 of the Aquarius data set, which is the official end of mission public data release from the AQUARIUS/SAC-D mission. The Aquarius instrument is onboard the AQUARIUS/SAC-D satellite, a collaborative effort between NASA and the Argentinian Space Agency Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE). The instrument consists of three radiometers in push broom alignment at incidence angles of 29, 38, and 46 degrees incidence angles relative to the shadow side of the orbit. Footprints for the beams are: 76 km (along-track) x 94 km (cross-track), 84 km x 120 km and 96km x 156 km, yielding a total cross-track swath of 370 km. The radiometers measure brightness temperature at 1.413 GHz in their respective horizontal and vertical polarizations (TH and TV). A scatterometer operating at 1.26 GHz measures ocean backscatter in each footprint that is used for surface roughness corrections in the estimation of salinity. The scatterometer has an approximate 390km swath.

Aquarius Level 3 sea surface salinity (SSS) standard mapped image data contains gridded 1 degree spatial resolution SSS averaged over daily, 7 day, monthly, and seasonal timescales. This particular data set is the seasonal climatology sea surface salinity product for version 5.0 of the Aquarius data set, which is the official end of mission public data release from the AQUARIUS/SAC-D mission. The Aquarius instrument is onboard the AQUARIUS/SAC-D satellite, a collaborative effort between NASA and the Argentinian Space Agency Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE). The instrument consists of three radiometers in push broom alignment at incidence angles of 29, 38, and 46 degrees incidence angles relative to the shadow side of the orbit. Footprints for the beams are: 76 km (along-track) x 94 km (cross-track), 84 km x 120 km and 96km x 156 km, yielding a total cross-track swath of 370 km. The radiometers measure brightness temperature at 1.413 GHz in their respective horizontal and vertical polarizations (TH and TV). A scatterometer operating at 1.26 GHz measures ocean backscatter in each footprint that is used for surface roughness corrections in the estimation of salinity. The scatterometer has an approximate 390km swath.

Aquarius Level 3 ocean surface wind speed standard mapped image data contains gridded 1 degree spatial resolution wind speed data averaged over daily, 7 day, monthly, and seasonal time scales. This particular data set is theSeasonal, Ascending wind speed product for version 5.0 of the Aquarius data set, which is the official end of mission public data release from the AQUARIUS/SAC-D mission. Only retrieved values for Ascending passes have been used to create this product. The Aquarius instrument is onboard the AQUARIUS/SAC-D satellite, a collaborative effort between NASA and the Argentinian Space Agency Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE). The instrument consists of three radiometers in push broom alignment at incidence angles of 29, 38, and 46 degrees incidence angles relative to the shadow side of the orbit. Footprints for the beams are: 76 km (along-track) x 94 km (cross-track), 84 km x 120 km and 96km x 156 km, yielding a total cross-track swath of 370 km. The radiometers measure brightness temperature at 1.413 GHz in their respective horizontal and vertical polarizations (TH and TV). A scatterometer operating at 1.26 GHz measures ocean backscatter in each footprint that is used for surface roughness corrections in the estimation of salinity. The scatterometer has an approximate 390km swath.