At the end of 2023, the population of Israel reached almost 9.7 million permanent residents. Jewish residents formed the largest religious group, with just over 7.15 million people. The Muslim population in the country, formed the largest religious minority at over 1.7 million individuals. Conversely, the smallest religious group was that of the Druze with about 151,000 people.

According to a 2023 survey, over ** percent of Jews in Israel were secular, while **** identified as ultra-orthodox. On the other hand, less than *** percent of Muslims in Israel were non-religious, and almost ** percent identified as religious.

As of 2023, the youngest population group by religion in Israel were Muslims, with a median age of 24 years. On the other hand, the religious group was that of Christians of Arab ethnicity, at 35 years. The median age among Jews, the most populous group in the country, was ****.

In 2023, the Jewish population had the highest total fertility rate in Israel, at an average of * births per woman. Muslim women, on the other hand, had a rate of **** children. The Druze and Christian religious communities had a total fertility rate of **** and ****, respectively.

In 2023, there were 179,400 Christians living in Israel. Christians of Arabic ethnic background accounted for the majority, with 141,800 individuals. Non-Arab Christians comprised 37,600 people in the country.

Comprehensive dataset containing 705 verified Religious organization businesses in Israel with complete contact information, ratings, reviews, and location data.

Comprehensive dataset containing 445 verified Religious destination businesses in Israel with complete contact information, ratings, reviews, and location data.

These data were collected for a study of how the characteristics of political parties influence women's chances in assuming leadership positions within the parties' inner structures. Data were compiled by Fatima Sbaity Kassem for a case-study of Lebanon and by national and local researchers for 25 other countries in Asia, Africa and Europe. The researchers collected raw data on women in politics from party administrators and government officials. Researchers gathered information about parties' year of origin, number of seats in parliament, political platform, and all gender-disaggregated party data (in percentages) on overall party membership, shares in executive and decision-making bodies, and nominations on electoral lists. A key variable measures party religiosity, which refers to the religious components on their political platforms or the extent to which religion penetrates their political agendas.

Only parties that have at least one seat in any of the last three parliaments were included. These are referred to as 'relevant' parties. The four data sets combined cover 330 political parties in Lebanon plus 12 other Arab countries (Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Mauritania, Morocco, Palestine, Tunisia, and Yemen), seven non-Arab Muslim-majority countries (Albania, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Indonesia, Senegal, and Turkey), five European countries with dominant Christian democratic parties (Austria, Belgium, Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands), and Israel.

Jews were the dominant religious group in the Israel-Palestine region at the beginning of the first millennia CE, and are the dominant religious group there today, however, there was a period of almost 2,000 years where most of the world's Jews were displaced from their spiritual homeland. Antiquity to the 20th century Jewish hegemony in the region began changing after a series of revolts against Roman rule led to mass expulsions and emigration. Roman control saw severe persecution of Jewish and Christian populations, but this changed when the Byzantine Empire adopted Christianity as its official religion in the 4th century. Christianity then dominated until the 7th century, when the Rashidun Caliphate (the first to succeed Muhammad) took control of the Levant. Control of region split between Christians and Muslims intermittently between the 11th and 13th centuries during the Crusades, although the population remained overwhelmingly Muslim. Zionism until today Through the Paris Peace Conference, the British took control of Palestine in 1920. The Jewish population began growing through the Zionist Movement after the 1880s, which sought to establish a Jewish state in Palestine. Rising anti-Semitism in Europe accelerated this in the interwar period, and in the aftermath of the Holocaust, many European Jews chose to leave the continent. The United Nations tried facilitating the foundation of separate Jewish and Arab states, yet neither side was willing to concede territory, leading to a civil war and a joint invasion from seven Arab states. Yet the Jews maintained control of their territory and took large parts of the proposed Arab territory, forming the Jewish-majority state of Israel in 1948, and acheiving a ceasefire the following year. Over 750,000 Palestinians were displaced as a result of this conflict, while most Jews from the Arab eventually fled to Israel. Since this time, Israel has become one of the richest and advanced countries in the world, however, Palestine has been under Israeli military occupation since the 1960s and there are large disparities in living standards between the two regions.

Israel Consumer Price Index (CPI): 2008=100: EC: CE: Religious Artifacts and Ornaments data was reported at 101.400 2008=100 in Dec 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 101.300 2008=100 for Nov 2010. Israel Consumer Price Index (CPI): 2008=100: EC: CE: Religious Artifacts and Ornaments data is updated monthly, averaging 77.250 2008=100 from Jan 1983 (Median) to Dec 2010, with 336 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 103.500 2008=100 in Mar 2009 and a record low of 0.400 2008=100 in Jan 1983. Israel Consumer Price Index (CPI): 2008=100: EC: CE: Religious Artifacts and Ornaments data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.I010: Consumer Price Index: 2008=100.

The purpose of this study is to examine the attitudes of Jews and Arabs in Israel concerning the role of the police in counterterrorism. The study focuses on the public perception of the effect of the police’s involvement in counterterrorism on their ability to perform traditional police roles; how the police’s role in fighting terrorism affects the relationship between police and the community; and the willingness of Jews and Arabs in Israel to assist the police by reporting crimes and terrorism threats. These questions are asked against the backdrop of majority-minority relations, in which the ways both the majority Jewish population and the minority Arab population in Israel responds are examined. Data included in this study was gathered from a community survey. The computer software “Dvash” and the database “Bezek,” which includes all residents of Israel who have "land" phone lines were used to conduct the survey. The low response rate (58%) of the community survey limits the extent to which the results can be applied to the entire Israeli population. Variables affecting the data gathered include the respondent’s past experiences with the po lice, their religion or ethnicity, their trust in the capabilities of the police, and their views on the consequences of policing terrorism.

Dataset in SPSS verson 25 and an output file

The "Religious Fundamentalism and Radicalization Survey (RFRS)" is a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and non-believers in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Turkey, and the USA. The survey is designed specifically to test hypotheses related to determinants of religious radicalization. It includes a broad range of variables concerning religiosity, religious knowledge, and fundamentalism, as well as a survey experiment concerning the effect of religious scripture on religious violence legitimation. The data collection in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey was funded by the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, whereas the data collection in the USA was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (#435-2012-0922). The fieldwork for the survey took place between November 2016 and June 2017. The data set currently only includes the variables used in the following publications: Kanol, Eylem (2021): Explaining Unfavorable Attitudes Toward Religious Out-Groups Among Three Major Religions. In: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. Early view articles. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12725 Koopmans, Ruud; Kanol, Eylem; Stolle, Dietlind (2021): Scriptural legitimation and the mobilisation of support for religious violence: Experimental evidence across three religions and seven countries. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47 (7), pp. 1498-1516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1822158 Kanol, Eylem (2024): Who Supports Jihadi Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq? Assessing the Role of Religion- and Grievance-based Explanations. In: Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19434472.2024.2306872 Analyses of other parts of the data set are ongoing. Once these are completed, the entire data set will be made publicly available.

The Religion and State (RAS) project is a university-based project located at Bar Ilan University in Ramat Gan, Israel. Its goal is to create a set of measures that systematically gauge the intersection between government and religion. The RAS dataset measures the extent of government involvement in religion (GIR), or the lack thereof, for 175 states on a yearly basis between 1990 and 2002. This constitutes all countries with populations of 250,000 or more, as well as a sampling of smaller states.

The number of households registered as Jewish in Israel reached roughly **** million in 2023. In the same year, ******* households were registered as Arab, while ****** households were registered as belonging to population groups of other religions.

Comprehensive dataset containing 89 verified Religious book store businesses in Israel with complete contact information, ratings, reviews, and location data.

Abstract

The World Values Survey (www.worldvaluessurvey.org) is a global network of social scientists studying changing values and their impact on social and political life, led by an international team of scholars, with the WVS association and secretariat headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden.

The survey, which started in 1981, seeks to use the most rigorous, high-quality research designs in each country. The WVS consists of nationally representative surveys conducted in almost 100 countries which contain almost 90 percent of the world’s population, using a common questionnaire. The WVS is the largest non-commercial, cross-national, time series investigation of human beliefs and values ever executed, currently including interviews with almost 400,000 respondents. Moreover the WVS is the only academic study covering the full range of global variations, from very poor to very rich countries, in all of the world’s major cultural zones.

The WVS seeks to help scientists and policy makers understand changes in the beliefs, values and motivations of people throughout the world. Thousands of political scientists, sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists and economists have used these data to analyze such topics as economic development, democratization, religion, gender equality, social capital, and subjective well-being. These data have also been widely used by government officials, journalists and students, and groups at the World Bank have analyzed the linkages between cultural factors and economic development.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Household Individual

Universe

National population, both sexes,18 and more years.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample size: 1199

The sample was not designed to be representative of the entire adult population. We excluded the non-urban population (communities that include less than 2000 people) which constitutes 9% of the Israeli population. There were different stages in the sampling procedure: - Division into strata (based on geographic location, community size and socio-economic characteristics). - With strata sampling of statistical areas (the smallest ecological unit). - Interviewing of specified number of persons within statistical units based on Kish-grid.

Stratification factors were used such as: - Socio-economic characteristics of statistical area - Geographical region of statistical area.

Remarks about sampling: - Final numbers of clusters or sapling points: 47 - Sample unit from office sampling: Address point in the selection area, and the procedures for continued movement.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The WVS questionnaire was translated from the English questionnaire by a member of the research team. The questionnaire was translated to Hebrew and Arabic. The translated questionnaire was back-translated into English and the translated questionnaire was also pre-tested with 10 face to face interviews. We used the ISSP questionnaire for the demographic questions. There have been some optional questions included: V120-121, V124-125, V36, V133, V139, V217, V83-85, V97-102. There have been some country-specific questions included in the questionnaire but there have not been included before the demographic questions. The questions included were: b38-b42b45b46, b48-b61,b63-b80 were country-specific. Also, it is important to mention that not all the questions were in the prescribed order. The sample was not designed to be representative of the entire adult population. We excluded the non-urban population (communities that include less than 2000 people) which constitutes 9% of the Israeli population. The lower age cut-off for the sample was 18 and there was not any upper age cut-off for the sample.

Response rate

The following table presents completion rate results: -Total number of starting names/addresses 3617 - Addresses established as empty, demolished or containing no private dwellings 241 - Selected Respondent had inadequate understanding of language of survey 278 -No contact at selected address 296 -No refusal at selected address 1367 -Other type of unproductive (please write in full details in the box below) 236 -Full productive interview 1199

Sampling error estimates

Estimated error: 2.9

According to a survey, ** percent of the Jewish population in Israel followed kosher practices consistently in accordance with the Jewish tradition. On the other hand, ** percent of Jews did not keep kosher at all, and ** percent mostly kept kosher.

This study is one in a series of election studies conducted since 1969 by Arian and Shamir, investigating voting patterns, public opinion, and political participation in Israel. This study in particular was conducted during February-April 2006, prior to the elections of the 17th Knesset. Respondents provided their opinions on the general condition of Israel, handling of national issues, and the main problem facing the Israeli government. Views were also elicited from respondents in regard to the development of a peace agreement with the Palestinians to end the Arab-Israeli conflict, evaluation of Arab aspirations, and values in the possible development of the State of Israel. Respondents answered a set of questions regarding their support for the Kadima Party, the Labor Party, the Likud Party, and other political parties, their support for Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, Defense Minister Amir Peretz, Likud Party Chairman Benjamin Netanyahu, and other political leaders, and several combinations of political coalitions. They also gave their views on issues such as Jerusalem, terrorism, economics including their personal situation, social policy, foreign and security matters, state-religion relations, the positions of political parties, attributes of political parties and leaders, and factors that would affect voting decisions. Respondents were asked about media access, their participation in political discussion, their ability to influence government policy, their voting intention, their prediction of the results of the upcoming elections among political parties and coalitions, to provide an account of their past electoral behavior, and to answer knowledge questions about the government. Demographic questions asked of respondents included gender, age, self-definition of identity, religion, birthplace, immigration, residence, education, employment, monthly family expenditures, household characteristics, and left-right political self-placement.

The Religion and State (RAS) project is a university-based project located at Bar Ilan University in Ramat Gan, Israel. The general goal is to provide detailed codings on several aspects of separation of religion and state for 183 states on a yearly basis between 1990 and 2014. This constitutes all countries with populations of 250,000 or more, as well as a sampling of countries with lower populations.