Italy recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 135.30 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Italy Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Italy was 135.33 percent in 2024. From 1988 to 2024, the ratio rose by 39.61 percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. Between 2024 and 2030, the ratio will rise by 1.68 percentage points, showing an overall upward trend with periodic ups and downs.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

In 2024, the Italian public debt reached 135 percent of the country's GDP. Since 2000, the ratio has grown by almost 30 percentage points. In 2020, the government debt-to-GDP ratio reached 154 percent due to a contraction of the GDP and the increase in public spending to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for Italy (GGGDTAITA188N) from 1988 to 2024 about Italy, debt, gross, and government.

Key information about Italy Total Debt: % of GDP

• Italy Total Debt accounted for 555.5 % of the country's GDP in 2025, compared with the ratio of 551.0 % in the previous quarter.
• Italy Total Debt: % of GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1995 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 726.0 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 378.4 % in Mar 1996.

CEIC calculates quarterly Total Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Total Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Total Debt is calculated as Total Liabilities less Equity & Investment Fund Shares and Financial Derivatives for Central Bank, Monetary Financial Institutions excl Central Bank, Other Financial Intermediaries, Financial Auxiliaries, Insurance Corporations, Pension Funds, Non Financial Corporations, Central Government, Local Government, Social Security Funds, Household and NPISH. Bank of Italy provides Total Debt in EUR. Italian National Institute of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in EUR.

Private Debt to GDP in Italy decreased to 100.30 percent in 2024 from 103.40 percent in 2023. Italy Private Debt to GDP - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Key information about Italy External Debt: % of GDP

• Italy External Debt accounted for 120.8 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 118.5 % in the previous year.
• Italy External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2002 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 139.9 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 78.6 % in Dec 2002.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Bank of Italy provides External Debt in EUR based on BPM6. Italian National Institute of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in EUR. External Debt prior to 2008 is based on BPM5.


Related information about Italy External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Italy, Current Account recorded a surplus of 4.0 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 4.2 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Italy Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 6.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 9.8 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• The country's External Debt reached 3,291,705.3 in Jun 2025.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 659.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.

External Debt to GDP in Italy increased to 126 percent of GDP in the second quarter of 2025 from 122 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Italy External Debt To GDP.

Graph and download economic data for Household Debt to GDP for Italy (HDTGPDITA163N) from 2005 to 2024 about Italy, debt, households, and GDP.

In 2021, the government debt in Italy was estimated to reach ***** percent of the country's GDP. In 2022, the government debt is believed to decrease by about three percentage points. Italy's debt has been increasing over the last two decades. However, the COVID-19 emergency has led the country to a higher spending and to a much larger increase in debt.

Key information about Italy National Government Debt

• Italy National Government Debt reached 3,615.5 USD bn in Sep 2025, compared with 3,603.6 USD bn in the previous month.
• Italy National Government Debt data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1957 to Sep 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 3,615.5 USD bn in Sep 2025 and a record low of 10.0 USD bn in Feb 1957.

CEIC converts monthly Government Debt into USD. The Bank of Italy provides Government Debt in EUR. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.


Related information about Italy National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 3.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2025.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 138.0 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2025.
• Italy Nominal GDP reached 659.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.

Italy's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) amounted to 2.2 trillion euros in 2024. The Italian economy grew at low rates between 2010 and 2019 and significantly shrank in 2020 following the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy. However, since 2021, GDP has recorded a steady uprise, with remarkably higher growth rates compared to the pre-pandemic period. A difficult outlook for the Italian economy Besides the positive performance recorded right after the COVID-19 pandemic, projections indicate a different outlook. The slow growth of the Italian economy, less than one percent each year from 2025 to 2029, is believed to remove Italy from the giants of the global players. Indeed, by 2028, the ranking of the world's largest economies might appear quite different from the present one. In addition to slow growth, Italy's economy is characterized by large internal disparities. After 160 years of national unity, the country is still very divided, as data on unemployment, GDP, and poverty confirm. National debt: Italy's most difficult challenge Italy still ranks among the top 20 largest economies in the world. However, the large amount of the national debt risks hampering future growth. In 2024, it reached 135 percent of the GDP, equivalent to 3.2 trillion U.S. dollars, and forecasts expect figures to increase over the coming years. By 2029, the debt-to-GDP ratio may hit 137 percent. A large amount of national debt significantly limits the government's possibility to earmark resources for public investments. In fact, a considerable share of the state budget is devoted to reimbursing the debt.

Historical dataset showing Italy debt to gdp ratio by year from 1991 to 2022.

Monthly and long-term Italy External Debt (% of GDP) data: historical series and analyst forecasts curated by FocusEconomics.

This statistic shows the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in Italy from 1987 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. GDP refers to the total market value of all goods and services that are produced within a country per year. It is an important indicator of the economic strength of a country. In 2024, the GDP per capita in Italy was around 40,224.01 U.S. dollars. Italy's struggling economy Italy’s GDP per capita has been unstable since 2008, often experiencing slight increases and decreases annually. The third largest economy of the euro area not only suffered from the global financial crisis, they were also one of the primary victims of the euro area crisis. One of the outcomes is the significant growth of Italy’s national debt, which saw continued upsurges every year over the past decade. With the collapse of investments and loss of industrial production, the Italian state was forced to resort to increase taxation and decrease spending. Additionally, Italy was forced to borrow more, which in turn increased national debt and furthermore their debt-to-GDP ratio. A debt-to-GDP ratio is significant to help determine if a country can pay off its debts without incurring more. Increased taxation and decrease spending helped with reducing expenditures as well as raising revenues, however Italy still maintained a trade balance deficit, which has only recently< started to recover. Several reasons for Italy’s downturn as a country are unnecessary spending and incompetent leadership.

Graph and download economic data for Outstanding Domestic Private Debt Securities to GDP for Italy (DDDM03ITA156NWDB) from 1996 to 2011 about Italy, debt, domestic, securities, private, and GDP.

Households Debt in Italy decreased to 36.10 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 36.20 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Italy Households Debt To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Italy IT: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government data was reported at 133.712 % in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 133.440 % for Mar 2018. Italy IT: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government data is updated quarterly, averaging 112.989 % from Sep 1995 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 92 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 135.010 % in Jun 2015 and a record low of 0.268 % in Sep 1995. Italy IT: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Italy – Table IT.World Bank.QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government.

Italy IT: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Short Term: Currency and Deposits data was reported at 10.453 % in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 10.063 % for Dec 2017. Italy IT: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Short Term: Currency and Deposits data is updated quarterly, averaging 9.049 % from Sep 1995 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 91 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.866 % in Sep 2017 and a record low of 0.012 % in Sep 1995. Italy IT: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Short Term: Currency and Deposits data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Italy – Table IT.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government.

Yearly (annual) dataset of the Italy Debt to GDP Ratio, including historical data, latest releases, and long-term trends from 1988-12-31 to 2024-12-31. Available for free download in CSV format.