Italy recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 135.30 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Italy Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Italy was 135.33 percent in 2024. From 1988 to 2024, the ratio rose by 39.61 percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. Between 2024 and 2030, the ratio will rise by 1.68 percentage points, showing an overall upward trend with periodic ups and downs.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

In 2024, the Italian public debt reached 135 percent of the country's GDP. Since 2000, the ratio has grown by almost 30 percentage points. In 2020, the government debt-to-GDP ratio reached 154 percent due to a contraction of the GDP and the increase in public spending to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for Italy (GGGDTAITA188N) from 1988 to 2024 about Italy, debt, gross, and government.

Private Debt to GDP in Italy decreased to 100.30 percent in 2024 from 103.40 percent in 2023. Italy Private Debt to GDP - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Key information about Italy External Debt: % of GDP

• Italy External Debt accounted for 120.8 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 118.5 % in the previous year.
• Italy External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2002 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 139.9 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 78.6 % in Dec 2002.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Bank of Italy provides External Debt in EUR based on BPM6. Italian National Institute of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in EUR. External Debt prior to 2008 is based on BPM5.


Related information about Italy External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Italy, Current Account recorded a surplus of 4.0 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 4.2 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Italy Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 6.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 9.8 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• The country's External Debt reached 3,291,705.3 in Jun 2025.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 659.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.

In 2021, the government debt in Italy was estimated to reach ***** percent of the country's GDP. In 2022, the government debt is believed to decrease by about three percentage points. Italy's debt has been increasing over the last two decades. However, the COVID-19 emergency has led the country to a higher spending and to a much larger increase in debt.

Key information about Italy Total Debt: % of GDP

• Italy Total Debt accounted for 555.5 % of the country's GDP in 2025, compared with the ratio of 551.0 % in the previous quarter.
• Italy Total Debt: % of GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1995 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 726.0 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 378.4 % in Mar 1996.

CEIC calculates quarterly Total Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Total Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Total Debt is calculated as Total Liabilities less Equity & Investment Fund Shares and Financial Derivatives for Central Bank, Monetary Financial Institutions excl Central Bank, Other Financial Intermediaries, Financial Auxiliaries, Insurance Corporations, Pension Funds, Non Financial Corporations, Central Government, Local Government, Social Security Funds, Household and NPISH. Bank of Italy provides Total Debt in EUR. Italian National Institute of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in EUR.

Historical dataset showing Italy debt to gdp ratio by year from 1991 to 2022.

External Debt to GDP in Italy increased to 126 percent of GDP in the second quarter of 2025 from 122 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Italy External Debt To GDP.

The ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Italy was about 135.29 percent in 2024. From 1988 to 2024, the ratio rose by approximately 39.57 percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. Between 2024 and 2030, the ratio will rise by around 2.41 percentage points, showing an overall upward trend with periodic ups and downs.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

Yearly (annual) dataset of the Italy Debt to GDP Ratio, including historical data, latest releases, and long-term trends from 1988-12-31 to 2024-12-31. Available for free download in CSV format.

Graph and download economic data for Household Debt to GDP for Italy (HDTGPDITA163N) from 2005 to 2024 about Italy, debt, households, and GDP.

In the third quarter of 2024, Greece's national debt was the highest in all the European Union, amounting to 158 percent of Greece's gross domestic product. In spite of Greece's total being high by EU standards, it marks a substantial decrease from the historical high point reached by the country's national debt of 207 percent of GDP in 2020. Italy, France, Spain, Belgium, and Portugal also all have government debt worth over one year's production of their economies, while the small Baltic country of Estonia has the smallest national debt when compared with GDP, at only 24 percent. In debitum incrementum?A country’s national debt, also known as government debt or public debt, is defined as all borrowings owed by the government of a country. It usually comprises internal debt – owed to other governmental departments – and external debt, which is held by the public and is owed to government bond owners. National debt can be caused by a struggling economy in general, or by low tax income, which usually leads to money being borrowed from other governments for support, which in turn cannot be paid back right away. At first glance, a high national debt is not always a sign of a struggling economy – but since increasing debt can slow down economic growth significantly, it is imperative for the respective government to seek a steady reduction in the long run.

Key information about Italy National Government Debt

• Italy National Government Debt reached 3,615.5 USD bn in Sep 2025, compared with 3,603.6 USD bn in the previous month.
• Italy National Government Debt data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1957 to Sep 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 3,615.5 USD bn in Sep 2025 and a record low of 10.0 USD bn in Feb 1957.

CEIC converts monthly Government Debt into USD. The Bank of Italy provides Government Debt in EUR. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.


Related information about Italy National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 3.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2025.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 138.0 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2025.
• Italy Nominal GDP reached 659.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.

This dataset provides values for GOVERNMENT DEBT TO GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Household debt to GDP, in percent in Italy, March, 2025 The most recent value is 36.1 percent as of March 2025, a decline compared to the previous value of 36.2 percent. Historically, the average for Italy from March 1999 to March 2025 is 36.57 percent. The minimum of 19.3 percent was recorded in March 1999, while the maximum of 44.9 percent was reached in December 2020. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

This statistic shows the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in Italy from 1987 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. GDP refers to the total market value of all goods and services that are produced within a country per year. It is an important indicator of the economic strength of a country. In 2024, the GDP per capita in Italy was around 40,224.01 U.S. dollars. Italy's struggling economy Italy’s GDP per capita has been unstable since 2008, often experiencing slight increases and decreases annually. The third largest economy of the euro area not only suffered from the global financial crisis, they were also one of the primary victims of the euro area crisis. One of the outcomes is the significant growth of Italy’s national debt, which saw continued upsurges every year over the past decade. With the collapse of investments and loss of industrial production, the Italian state was forced to resort to increase taxation and decrease spending. Additionally, Italy was forced to borrow more, which in turn increased national debt and furthermore their debt-to-GDP ratio. A debt-to-GDP ratio is significant to help determine if a country can pay off its debts without incurring more. Increased taxation and decrease spending helped with reducing expenditures as well as raising revenues, however Italy still maintained a trade balance deficit, which has only recently< started to recover. Several reasons for Italy’s downturn as a country are unnecessary spending and incompetent leadership.

Households Debt in Italy decreased to 36.10 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 36.20 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Italy Households Debt To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP

• Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 3.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2025, compared with a deficit equal to 3.4 % in the previous quarter
• Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance to GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1999 to Mar 2025, with an average ratio of -3.7 %
• The data reached an all-time high of -1.1 % in Mar 2000 and a record low of -10.4 % in Mar 2021

CEIC calculates quarterly Consolidated Fiscal Balance as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Consolidated Fiscal Balance and quarterly Nominal GDP. Italian National Institute of Statistics provides Consolidated Fiscal Balance in EUR and Nominal GDP in EUR.


Further information about Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Italy National Government Debt reached 3,615.5 USD bn in Sep 2025
• Italy Nominal GDP reached 659.7 USD bn in Sep 2025