Italy recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 135.30 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Italy Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The budget balance in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP) in Italy stood at -3.45 percent in 2024. From 1988 to 2024, the budget balance rose by 7.13 percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. Between 2024 and 2030, the budget balance will rise by 0.99 percentage points, showing an overall upward trend with periodic ups and downs.The indicator describes the general government net lending / borrowing, which is calculated as revenue minus total expenditure. The International Monetary Fund defines the general government expenditure as consisting of total expenses and the net acquisition of nonfinancial assets. The general government revenue consists of the revenue from taxes, social contributions, grants receivable, and other revenue.

Italy recorded a Government Budget deficit equal to 3.40 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Italy Government Budget - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Italy was 135.33 percent in 2024. From 1988 to 2024, the ratio rose by 39.61 percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. Between 2024 and 2030, the ratio will rise by 1.68 percentage points, showing an overall upward trend with periodic ups and downs.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for Italy (GGGDTAITA188N) from 1988 to 2024 about Italy, debt, gross, and government.

In 2023, the government deficit in relation to the GDP in Italy decreased by around *** percentage point compared to 2022. In total, the government deficit amounted to *** percent of GDP in 2023. Net lending/net borrowing shows the financial position of a government after accounting for expenditures. Net lending means that a government is providing financial resources to other sectors, while net borrowing means that a government is borrowing resources from other sectors.

In 2024, the Italian public debt reached 135 percent of the country's GDP. Since 2000, the ratio has grown by almost 30 percentage points. In 2020, the government debt-to-GDP ratio reached 154 percent due to a contraction of the GDP and the increase in public spending to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Graph and download economic data for Household Debt to GDP for Italy (HDTGPDITA163N) from 2005 to 2024 about Italy, debt, households, and GDP.

Key information about Italy Total Debt: % of GDP

• Italy Total Debt accounted for 555.5 % of the country's GDP in 2025, compared with the ratio of 551.0 % in the previous quarter.
• Italy Total Debt: % of GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1995 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 726.0 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 378.4 % in Mar 1996.

CEIC calculates quarterly Total Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Total Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Total Debt is calculated as Total Liabilities less Equity & Investment Fund Shares and Financial Derivatives for Central Bank, Monetary Financial Institutions excl Central Bank, Other Financial Intermediaries, Financial Auxiliaries, Insurance Corporations, Pension Funds, Non Financial Corporations, Central Government, Local Government, Social Security Funds, Household and NPISH. Bank of Italy provides Total Debt in EUR. Italian National Institute of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in EUR.

Key information about Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP

• Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 3.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2025, compared with a deficit equal to 3.4 % in the previous quarter
• Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance to GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1999 to Mar 2025, with an average ratio of -3.7 %
• The data reached an all-time high of -1.1 % in Mar 2000 and a record low of -10.4 % in Mar 2021

CEIC calculates quarterly Consolidated Fiscal Balance as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Consolidated Fiscal Balance and quarterly Nominal GDP. Italian National Institute of Statistics provides Consolidated Fiscal Balance in EUR and Nominal GDP in EUR.


Further information about Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Italy National Government Debt reached 3,615.5 USD bn in Sep 2025
• Italy Nominal GDP reached 659.7 USD bn in Sep 2025

Key information about Italy External Debt: % of GDP

• Italy External Debt accounted for 120.8 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 118.5 % in the previous year.
• Italy External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2002 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 139.9 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 78.6 % in Dec 2002.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Bank of Italy provides External Debt in EUR based on BPM6. Italian National Institute of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in EUR. External Debt prior to 2008 is based on BPM5.


Related information about Italy External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Italy, Current Account recorded a surplus of 4.0 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 4.2 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Italy Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 6.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 9.8 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• The country's External Debt reached 3,291,705.3 in Jun 2025.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 659.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.

External Debt to GDP in Italy increased to 126 percent of GDP in the second quarter of 2025 from 122 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Italy External Debt To GDP.

Italy IT: General Government: Primary Balance: % of GDP data was reported at 3.612 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.595 % for 2022. Italy IT: General Government: Primary Balance: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 1.964 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.654 % in 1997 and a record low of -1.787 % in 1990. Italy IT: General Government: Primary Balance: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Italy – Table IT.IMF.FM: Government Finance Statistics.

Graph and download economic data for Cash surplus/deficit (% of GDP) for Italy (CASHBLITA188A) from 1973 to 2014 about cash, budget, Italy, and GDP.

Private Debt to GDP in Italy decreased to 100.30 percent in 2024 from 103.40 percent in 2023. Italy Private Debt to GDP - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Outstanding Domestic Private Debt Securities to GDP for Italy (DDDM03ITA156NWDB) from 1996 to 2011 about Italy, debt, domestic, securities, private, and GDP.

Key information about Italy National Government Debt

• Italy National Government Debt reached 3,615.5 USD bn in Sep 2025, compared with 3,603.6 USD bn in the previous month.
• Italy National Government Debt data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1957 to Sep 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 3,615.5 USD bn in Sep 2025 and a record low of 10.0 USD bn in Feb 1957.

CEIC converts monthly Government Debt into USD. The Bank of Italy provides Government Debt in EUR. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.


Related information about Italy National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Italy Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 3.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2025.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 138.0 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2025.
• Italy Nominal GDP reached 659.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.

In 2021, the government debt in Italy was estimated to reach ***** percent of the country's GDP. In 2022, the government debt is believed to decrease by about three percentage points. Italy's debt has been increasing over the last two decades. However, the COVID-19 emergency has led the country to a higher spending and to a much larger increase in debt.

Overview with Chart & Report: Government Deficit GDP Ratio reflects a percentage difference between Italy's revenues and total expenditures in relation to the national GDP. A positive value indicates a budget deficit, which may

Historical dataset showing Italy debt to gdp ratio by year from 1991 to 2022.