The statistic displays the opinion on the two most important problems Italy has to face in 2017. According to the survey, the majority of respondents believed that economic issues (almost 44 percent) , inefficiency and political corruption (19 percent) were the most relevant problems to solve.

Almost 43 percent of Italian respondents would move to another country in which the taxes were lower than in Italy. In a survey conducted in 2017, this was the most popular factor Italians indicated as a reason to leave their country. Furthermore, the possibility to find a better job, or a job at all, was a good reason for 36.8 percent of respondents. However, better services and respect of rules were motives to move out of Italy for more than 20 percent of interviewees.

Where do Italians emigrate?  

As of January 2020, the largest share of Italians living abroad were found in Argentina. In this South American state, lived 15.8 percent of all emigrated Italians. Furthermore, Germany was the second country who housed the most Italian emigrants, followed by Brazil and Switzerland. In the last years the destination countries of Italian emigrants slightly changed. Italians who moved abroad druing 2019 preferred the United Kingdom, while Argentina only ranked eighth.

A history of emigration to South America

In the 19th and 20th centuries, Argentina was one of the main destinations for Italian emigrants. For instance, in 1913, 111.5 thousand Italians moved to this South American country. Nowadays, Argentina has a nationality law which grants citizenship according to both systems jus soli and jus sanguinis. Thus, many Italians living in Argentina could be the second or third generations of Italian migrants who moved there in the last century. Brazil was also one of the most common destinations for Italian emigrants between the 19th and 20th centuries. The number of Italians who emigrated to Brazil peaked in 1891, where 108.4 thousand emigrants arrived from Italy.

Following Goldin's methodological framework from her paper "Why Women Won" on the history of women's labour market outcomes in the US, we have compiled an analogous, detailed chronology of key moments in the history of women's rights in Italy. Our dataset classifies events into four main types: economic/social factors, political milestones, workplace regulations, and bodily autonomy issues. These classifications are inspired by Goldin's typology and provide a structured lens through which to view women's history. We use and analyse this dataset in our corresponding research article entitled "Studying the gender gap à la Claudia Goldin: a historical perspective on women's work in Italy".

Sources: Unless otherwise stated, sources are general: Camera dei Deputati (2021) on women’s suffrage, Anne Cova (2022) and the websites of Noi Donne, Il Consiglio Nazionale delle Donne Italiane, Unione Femminile Nazionale, Istituto Luigi Sturzo on women’s movements.

Note: As Italy was a founding member of the EU, some events relate to relevant EU directives with an impact on Italy, for which we could not find implementing legislation, but which were referred to by Italian lawyers.

Abstract

The World Values Survey (www.worldvaluessurvey.org) is a global network of social scientists studying changing values and their impact on social and political life, led by an international team of scholars, with the WVS association and secretariat headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. The survey, which started in 1981, seeks to use the most rigorous, high-quality research designs in each country. The WVS consists of nationally representative surveys conducted in almost 100 countries which contain almost 90 percent of the world’s population, using a common questionnaire. The WVS is the largest non-commercial, cross-national, time series investigation of human beliefs and values ever executed, currently including interviews with almost 400,000 respondents. Moreover the WVS is the only academic study covering the full range of global variations, from very poor to very rich countries, in all of the world’s major cultural zones. The WVS seeks to help scientists and policy makers understand changes in the beliefs, values and motivations of people throughout the world. Thousands of political scientists, sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists and economists have used these data to analyze such topics as economic development, democratization, religion, gender equality, social capital, and subjective well-being. These data have also been widely used by government officials, journalists and students, and groups at the World Bank have analyzed the linkages between cultural factors and economic development.

Geographic coverage

The survey covers Italy.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual

Universe

The WVS for Italy covers national population aged 18 and over, for both sexes.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

1) Classification of population by region, dimension of municipality (small, medium, medium to large, large), geographical location (mountain or plain; coast or interior); 2) Selection of 80 municipalities, taking into account their characteristics as in point 1); 3) Selection of a stratified sample of individuals within the 80 municipalities by systematic method; for large municipalities a preliminary chance selection of the electoral register was performed, stratified by location in center of the city, in the suburb and in the periphery. The stratification of the individuals sample was performed according to the nation-state strata dimensions. The population aged 18 to 74 was stratified by 20 regions, 2 genders and 3 age classes. In total the strata were 120.

Remarks about sampling: The chance selection of the individuals by systematic method was performed in order to complete each of the 120 strata. No stratification by education was possible; therefore after the interview campaign we realized that the people with lower education were under-represented and people with higher education were over-represented.

The sample size for Italy is N=1012 and includes the national population aged 18 and over, for both sexes.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

WVS question number or description of question: V80-v89; v100-v103; v152-v161; v170-v176; v231-v233. Reason(s) not included: It is a long questionnaire.

Response rate

1000 Total number of starting names/addresses - addresses which could not be traced at all 17 - addresses established as empty, demolished or containing no private dwellings 22 - selected respondent too sick/incapacitated to participate 26 - selected respondent away during survey period - seleted respondent had inadequate understanding of language of survey - no contact at selected address 94 - no contact with selected person - refusal at selected address - proxy refusal (on behalf of selected respondent) 153 - personal refusal by selected respondent 31 - other type of unproductive (please write in full details in the box below) 657 - full productive interview - partial productive interview

Sampling error estimates

+/- 3,1%

PIDOP, Processes Influencing Democratic Ownership and Participation, was a multinational research project that was funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme. The project examined the processes which influence democratic ownership and participation in nine European countries - Belgium, Czech Republic, England, Germany, Italy, Northern Ireland, Portugal, Sweden and Turkey. The project drew on the disciplines of Psychology, Politics, Sociology, Social Policy and Education to examine macro-level contextual factors (including historical, political, electoral, economic and policy factors), proximal social factors (including familial, educational and media factors) and psychological factors (including motivational, cognitive, attitudinal and identity factors) which facilitated and/or inhibited civic and political engagement and participation. The project had a distinct focus on the psychology of the individual citizen and the psychological processes through which macro-level contextual factors and proximal social factors exert their effects upon citizens' civic and political engagement and participation. Young people, women, minorities and migrants were examined as four specific groups at risk of political disengagement. The research explored the differences as well as the overlap between civic and political engagement, and both direct and representative participation. The data were collected in three phases: Phase 1 (Focus Groups), Phase 2 (Individual Interviews), and Phase 3 (Quantitative Survey). Qualitative focus group and interview data are not included as part of this data collection at this time. Data included as part of this collection includes one dataset with 8197 cases for 198 variables. Demographic variables include: age, gender, ethnicity, nationality, citizenship, education-level, occupation, marital status, children, income, and political ideology. The project had a distinct focus on the psychology of the individual citizen and the psychological processes through which macro-level contextual factors and proximal social factors exerted their effects upon citizens' civic and political engagement and participation. Young people, women, minorities and migrants were examined as four specific groups at risk of political disengagement. The research explored the differences as well as the overlap between civic and political engagement, and both direct and representative participation. Particular attention was paid to relevant phenomena at local, national and EU (European Union) levels. Stakeholders at all three levels were involved in the work to ensure that the research addressed issues of concern to them and to ensure that the policy implications and recommendations which emerged from the research were relevant to their needs. The overall aim of the survey used to collect quantitative data from the nine participating countries (England, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Sweden, Turkey, and Northern Ireland) was to examine the political and civic engagement among members of different age, gender, minority and migrant groups within each participating country, and to examine differences in the factors and processes related to engagement in these different groups. Datasets: DS1: PIDOP Survey Dataset

Snapshot img

Adult Entertainment Market Size 2025-2029

The adult entertainment market size is forecast to increase by USD 29.3 billion at a CAGR of 8.8% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth driven by the increasing acceptance and normalization of sexual health and wellness, leading to a in demand for adult products, particularly sex toys. This trend is further fueled by the expanding consumer base, including millennials and Gen Z, who are more open-minded and technologically savvy, driving the shift towards online sales channels. However, the market faces challenges from stringent regulatory policies regarding adult entertainment product material, which vary significantly across regions, necessitating careful navigation to ensure compliance.
Companies seeking to capitalize on market opportunities must prioritize innovation, focusing on developing body-safe, high-quality, and discreet products. Additionally, strategic partnerships and collaborations with healthcare professionals and sexual health advocacy groups can help bolster brand reputation and credibility. Overall, the market presents a lucrative opportunity for businesses that can navigate regulatory complexities and cater to evolving consumer preferences.

What will be the Size of the Adult Entertainment Market during the forecast period?

Request Free Sample

The market encompasses a vast and dynamic economic sector, generating significant revenue through various content distribution channels and platforms. This industry, which includes adult films, periodicals, websites, and social media, is estimated to be a multi-billion-dollar global market. Digital technologies have revolutionized the industry, enabling the proliferation of streaming platforms and subscription-based services such as OnlyFans and ManyVids. Despite its economic importance, the market remains subject to various social issues and regulatory challenges. Cultural standards, worker rights, and ethical concerns continue to shape the industry's evolution. Regulation and legal issues surrounding exploitation, distribution laws, and consumer protection are ongoing challenges.
Pirated content and production laws also pose significant threats to market participants. Social media and the internet have further complicated the landscape, with many adults consuming adult content on these platforms. The rise of ethical concerns, such as control over work, body standards, and income, has become increasingly important. The industry's future direction will depend on how it navigates these complex issues while adhering to evolving cultural norms and regulatory requirements.

How is this Adult Entertainment Industry segmented?

The adult entertainment industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Distribution Channel

  Offline
  Online


Gender

  Female
  Male
  Non-Binary


Type

  Adult Videos/Movies
  Adult Games
  Live Performances
  Magazines and Books
  Sex Toys and Accessories
  Virtual Reality (VR) Content


Age Group

  18-24
  25-34
  35-44
  45+


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  South America

    Argentina
    Brazil


  Middle East and Africa

    Egypt
    KSA
    Oman
    UAE


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Distribution Channel Insights

The offline segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The market encompasses various sectors, including user-generated content, pirated content, and professional production. Piracy and copyright infringement pose significant challenges, with pirated content proliferating on digital platforms. Legal issues surrounding pornography, consent, and cultural standards continue to shape the market. Branding, customization, and personalization are crucial marketing strategies for businesses in this industry. Payment processing and eCommerce have become essential components, with platforms like OnlyFans and ManyVids offering monetization opportunities. Social media and streaming platforms have expanded the market's reach, enabling new audience segments. Regulation, distribution laws, and production laws are key considerations for businesses. Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and digital technologies are transforming the industry, offering innovative experiences.

Ethical issues, worker rights, and consumer protection are essential social issues. The market's economic significance is substantial, with a global reach and cross-cultural appeal. The sex tech industry generates income through various channels, including digital advertisements, financial services, and collaborations. Social attitudes towards adult content conti

Snapshot img

Artichokes Market Size 2024-2028

The artichokes market size is estimated to grow by 277.7 MT, at a CAGR of 3.15% between 2023 and 2028. Market expansion hinges on several factors, notably the burgeoning organized retail sector, urbanization trends, shifting consumer lifestyles, and the increasing impact of blogs and digital media on artichoke consumption. Conversely, market growth faces hurdles such as the risk of food contamination in fruits and vegetables, a wave in unfair trade practices, and the volatility in prices of these commodities. Despite the promising prospects offered by the aforementioned growth drivers, addressing these challenges is paramount for sustained market advancement. Mitigating food contamination risks demands stringent quality control measures and hygiene standards. Similarly, combating unfair trade practices necessitates regulatory interventions and ethical business practices. Moreover, stabilizing prices through strategic supply chain management and market interventions can foster consumer confidence and drive long-term growth in the artichoke market. It also includes an in-depth analysis of drivers, trends, and challenges. Furthermore, the report includes historic market data from 2018 to 2022.

What will be the Size of the Market During the Forecast Period?

To learn more about this report, View Report Sample

Market Segmentation

The market share growth by the food and beverages segment will be significant during the forecast period. Urbanization and consumption trends have brought about major changes in consumer lifestyles, resulting in a shift towards healthier foods. People's health is an important factor in a nation's social and economic prosperity. Therefore, health-conscious people seek foods that contain essential nutrients. Artichoke-based foods and beverages can be an important part of a healthy diet when consumed in appropriate amounts. They help prevent serious diseases like cancer.

Get a glance at the market contribution of various segments View the PDF Sample

The food and beverages segment was valued at 736.30 MT in 2018. They play an important role in human nutrition as they are an excellent source of vitamins such as C and K and many other dietary fibers such as folic acid. Fruit and vegetable ingredients also help with weight management, lower blood cholesterol levels, and control insulin and blood sugar responses. Therefore, the food and beverage segment of the market is expected to grow during the forecast period.

Key Region

For more insights on the market share of various regions Download PDF Sample now!

Europe is estimated to contribute 46% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period. Europe is expected to be the largest geographic segment of the market during the forecast period. This is due to the rising disposable income of the population in this region and growing awareness of the health benefits of consuming fresh fruits and vegetable ingredients. The growing demand for healthy foods has increased the demand for fresh artichokes. Italy is the world's most populous producer, followed by Egypt and Spain, which also participate in international trade. Farmers use horticulture as a technique to produce cash crops. In addition, rising health concerns among the population are expected to boost the demand during the forecast period. Therefore, increasing demand and increasing imports and exports will boost the growth of the market during the forecast period.

Market Dynamics and Customer Landscape

The global artichoke market is thriving, driven by the nutritional and medicinal benefits of Cynara scolymus. Globe artichokes, renowned for their edible flower buds, are a staple in Mediterranean food culture and a popular dietary supplement. Rich in chromium, fiber, folate, potassium, and inulin, artichokes offer significant health benefits. They are packed with bioactive agents like apigenin, luteolin, and silymarin, which contribute to their antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial, and anticancer properties. Artichokes are celebrated for cholesterol reduction, liver protection, detoxification, and improving skin health. Their dietary fiber supports cholesterol regulation and plant-based meals, highlighting their role in modern nutrition and wellness trends.

Key Market Driver

The growing organized retail sector is notably driving market growth. The growth of the organized retail sector across the world is a key factor influencing the growth of the market during the forecast period. To generate more sales volume and revenue, companies continually focus on strengthening their distribution networks through organized retail. Organized retail grew with the establishment of several supermarkets, hypermarkets, and specialty stores. Hype

Snapshot img

Venturi Mask Market Size 2024-2028

The venturi mask market size is forecast to increase by USD 2.74 billion at a CAGR of 15.63% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing prevalence of chronic respiratory disorders, such as asthma and COPD. This trend is driven by the rising number of people suffering from these conditions and the subsequent demand for effective respiratory treatment solutions. Additionally, there is a growing focus on improved product designs for medical devices to enhance patient comfort and compliance, while healthcare services continue to prioritize innovation and patient-centered care. However, unfavorable reimbursement scenarios pose a challenge to market growth. Despite this, advancements in technology and the development of innovative mask designs offer opportunities for market expansion. The market is expected to grow steadily due to the high prevalence of chronic respiratory disorders and the availability of advanced healthcare facilities. Companies in this market are investing in research and development to create masks with superior features, such as improved fit, ease of use, and enhanced filtration capabilities. 

What will be the Size of the Venturi Mask Market During the Forecast Period?

Request Free Sample

The market, a segment of the global air pollution mitigation industry, is experiencing significant growth due to the rising prevalence of air pollution-related health issues, including preventable deaths from COPD and cardiovascular diseases. This trend is particularly prominent In the sports and geriatric populations, as physical activity and aging can exacerbate respiratory conditions. Cigarette smoke is another major contributor to air pollution and associated health risks, further driving demand for Venturi masks.
The homecare segment of the market is expected to dominate, driven by increasing healthcare costs and the growing elderly population. Economic, social, and political factors, including GDP growth rate, demographic shifts, and regulations, are influencing market dynamics. Quantitative data indicates a steady increase in market size, while qualitative data from subject-related experts advises on pricing trends and product lifecycle stages. Positive changes in regulations and public awareness of air pollution's health impacts are also contributing to market growth.

How is this Venturi Mask Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The venturi mask industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Application

  COPD
  Asthma
  Others


End-user

  Hospitals and clinics
  Homecare
  ASCs


Product Type

  Adult Venturi Masks
  Pediatric Venturi Masks
  Disposable Adjustable Venturi Masks


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  Asia

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Middle East & Africa

    UAE


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Application Insights

The COPD segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant global health concern, being the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. With an estimated 12% of the global population affected, the prevalence and related healthcare costs are projected to increase in both developed and developing countries. The primary drivers of COPD include smoking and air pollution. Long-term oxygen therapy is the primary treatment for COPD patients with chronic respiratory failure, aiming to enhance their prognosis.

This market is influenced by various economic, political, and social scenarios. Macroeconomic analysis, value chain analysis, pricing analysis, and product development are crucial factors shaping the market's competitive position. External factors, such as regulations and positive/negative changes, also impact the market's growth trajectory. Understanding these elements is essential for businesses aiming to capitalize on opportunities and mitigate risks In the market.

Get a glance at the Venturi Mask Industry report of share of various segments Request Free Sample

The COPD segment was valued at USD 747.90 million in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

North America is estimated to contribute 41% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

For more insights on the market share of various regions, Request Free Sample

The market in North America held a significant market share in 2023, with the US b

Snapshot img

Automotive Fasteners Market Size 2025-2029

The automotive fasteners market size is forecast to increase by USD 9.93 billion at a CAGR of 8.2% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the cost advantages of using plastic fasteners and the increasing popularity of lightweight fastener solutions. Plastic fasteners offer weight reduction and improved corrosion resistance, making them an attractive alternative to traditional metal fasteners. This trend is particularly prominent in the automotive industry, where reducing vehicle weight is a key focus for enhancing fuel efficiency and reducing emissions. However, the market is not without challenges. Quality control remains a critical issue, with recalls due to improper manufacturing procedures continuing to pose a risk. Ensuring the highest standards of manufacturing and quality assurance is essential for market participants to mitigate these risks and maintain consumer trust. However, the market also faces challenges, such as the increasing trend towards electric vehicle (EV) manufacturing, which requires specific fastener solutions.
Companies seeking to capitalize on market opportunities and navigate challenges effectively should prioritize innovation, operational efficiency, and a strong commitment to quality. By staying abreast of industry trends and consumer demands, they can position themselves for long-term success in the evolving market. Advancements in technology have led to the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the manufacturing process of automotive fasteners.

What will be the Size of the Automotive Fasteners Market during the forecast period?

Request Free Sample

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by various factors. Customer relationship management and social media marketing are essential strategies for automotive companies to engage with customers and build brand loyalty. In terms of product development, powder coating enhances impact resistance and improves appearance. Data privacy and creep resistance are critical considerations for manufacturers to ensure consumer trust. Life cycle analysis and quality assurance are crucial aspects of the supply chain, ensuring sustainability and reliability. Corrosion resistance, proof load, and elastic modulus are key performance indicators for fasteners in harsh environments. Digital marketing and lean manufacturing enable efficient production and cost savings. Bolts, characterized by their heads and threaded pins or rods, are commonly used for constructing wheels and other vehicle components.
Circular design and content marketing are essential for brand differentiation and customer engagement. Just-in-time inventory and break load optimization ensure that fasteners are available when needed, minimizing production delays. The market is also influenced by trends such as the Internet of Things and the increasing importance of assembly line efficiency.

How is this Automotive Fasteners Industry segmented?

The automotive fasteners industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

End-user

  OEM
  Aftermarket


Vehicle Type

  Passenger cars
  Commercial vehicles


Material

  Stainless steel
  Plastic
  Aluminum


Type

  Threaded
  Non-threaded


Application

  Engine
  Chassis
  Interior trim
  Front/rear axle
  Others


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  North America

    US
    Canada


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By End-user Insights

The OEM segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. In the automotive sector, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) dominate the global fasteners market due to their extensive usage in vehicle production. OEMs utilize various types of fasteners, including nuts, bolts, and washers, for diverse applications. Nuts featuring interior female threading secure the attachment of bolts and screws to surfaces. Bolts, characterized by heads and threaded with pins and rods, are commonly used for constructing wheels. Material innovation and environmental standards significantly impact the market. Advanced alloys, high-performance materials, and lightweight fasteners are gaining popularity due to their ability to reduce energy consumption and enhance vehicle performance.

Additionally, economic factors, such as raw material costs and labor expenses, influence market dynamics. Heavy-duty vehicles, commercial vehicles, and electric vehicles require specialized fasteners, such as high-strength fasteners and torque-controlled fasteners, for their unique applicati

Snapshot img

Precious Metals Market Size 2025-2029

The precious metals market size is forecast to increase by USD 105.3 billion at a CAGR of 6.4% between 2024 and 2029.

Precious metals, including platinum, palladium, gold, and silver, continue to be sought-after commodities in various industries, from consumer electronics and jewelry to renewable energy and wealth management. The market for precious metals is driven by their unique properties, such as high conductivity, resistance to corrosion, and use as catalysts in various applications. Composite materials incorporating precious metals, like tellurium in solar panels and beacon materials in semiconductors, are gaining popularity due to their enhanced performance. Moreover, the growing focus on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors is influencing the market, with consumers and investors increasingly demanding responsible sourcing and ethical mining practices.
Platinum, for instance, is extensively used in catalytic converters In the automotive industry to reduce emissions, making it a critical component In the transition to cleaner transportation. In the realm of consumer electronics, precious metals are essential for the production of high-performance computer components, such as memory chips and connectors. Renewable energy technologies, like solar panels and fuel cells, also rely on precious metals for their efficient operation. Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) offer investors a cost-effective way to gain exposure to the markets, making them an attractive investment option during economic uncertainty. However, challenges persist, such as the environmental impact of mining and extraction processes, geopolitical risks, and supply chain disruptions.
Addressing these challenges through sustainable mining practices, technological innovations, and strategic partnerships will be crucial for the continued growth of the market.

What will be the Size of the Precious Metals Market during the forecast period?

Request Free Sample

The market encompasses gold, silver, platinum, and palladium, each with distinct roles in various industries. Gold, a traditional safe-haven asset, maintains demand for jewelry and as a store of value. Silver, with applications in jewelry, electronics, solar panels, and electric vehicles, exhibits price volatility due to its diverse usage. Platinum and palladium, collectively known as platinum group metals, are essential components in catalytic converters, electronics, and renewable energy technologies. The market size is substantial, driven by increasing demand from the electrical and electronics sector, solar panel manufacturers, and the jewelry industry. Environmental concerns and regulations, such as those related to carbon emissions and environmental pollution, further influence market dynamics.
The Silver Institute and World Gold Council serve as key sources of industry insights and research.

How is this Precious Metals Industry segmented?

The precious metals industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Gold
  Silver
  Platinum


Application

  Industrial
  Jewelry
  Investment


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  North America

    Canada
    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK
    France
    Italy


  Middle East and Africa

    Brazil


  South America

By Type Insights

The gold segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Precious metals, including gold, silver, platinum, and palladium, held significant market value in 2024. Gold, in particular, led the segment due to its enduring appeal as a safe-haven asset and store of value. Central banks, such as the US Federal Reserve and the Bank of Germany, continue to accumulate gold reserves, while investors seek refuge during economic uncertainty. Gold's unique properties, like malleability and conductivity, make it indispensable in various industries, including electronics, dentistry, and jewelry. The rise of gold exchange-traded funds (ETFs) has boosted investor accessibility, creating liquidity and demand. Despite price fluctuations, gold's importance remains undeniable, serving as a standard for stability and asset preservation amidst global financial volatility.

Silver, platinum, and palladium also hold importance in diverse applications, such as jewelry, electronics, solar panels, electric vehicles, and catalytic converters. The market is influenced by geopolitical tensions, inflation concerns, currency fluctuations, and environmental impact, including climate change and renewable energy sources. The industry adheres to circular economy principles, sustainability, and brand reputation, offering eco-friendly products and complying wit

Socio-economic and demographic issues.

Topics: relatives abroad; countries these relatives live (other African countries, United States, U.K., Germany, Russia, Italy, other European countries, Middle East, other); ever travelled or lived outside of Ehiopia; countries the respondent has visited or lived in (other African countries, United States, U.K., Germany, Russia, Italy, other European countries, Middle East, other).

Demography: sex; age; education; main breadwinner; current employment status of respondent and main breadwinner; occupation; sector the respondent and main breadwinner are working for; instruction / subordination; work payment; judgement on household´s standard of living; monthly net household income; religion; ethnic background; mother tongue; language spoken at home; other language(s); preferred radio language; self-assessment of English language skills (understanding).

Additionally coded was: questionnaire ID; settlement size; region; urban / rural settlement; Addis Ababa or other urban or rural settelement; interview accompanied by supervisor; day of interview; date of interview (day and month); interview language; the respondent was re-contacted; age of respondent estimated by interviewer; weighting factors.

BackgroundDiabetic Macular Edema (DME) is the most common cause of vision loss in diabetic patients. Currently, the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor inhibitors (anti-VEGFs) are used as the first line of DME treatment and corticosteroid implants are usually used as a second-line treatment. These implants are a safe and effective therapeutic option that can improve the quality of life of DME patients by reducing the intravitreal injections number. We determined the economic impact related to DME, also from the social perspective, and the consequences of the increased use of the dexamethasone implant.MethodsThe analysis compares two scenarios: the first based on the current rate of recourse to the therapeutic alternatives available in the Italian healthcare setting (as is) and the second based on the assumption of an increased recourse to dexamethasone implants (to be). The results are expressed both in terms of the resource absorption associated with the two scenarios and in terms of the cost differential yielded by their comparison.ResultsThe increased use of the dexamethasone implant allows considerable savings in terms of healthcare professionals' time, follow-up and productivity lost by patients/caregivers. These savings would reduce healthcare costs for the management of DME patients in Italy by €2,058,238 in 5 years.ConclusionsTo optimize the healthcare resources allocation, it is necessary to implement treatments that yield not only cost reductions but also a clinical benefit for patients. The dexamethasone implant use is an example of DME management that generates value for patients, health system and society.