Key information about Japan Government Debt: % of GDP

• Japan Government debt accounted for 216.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with the ratio of 217.2 % in the previous quarter.
• Japan government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1994 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 225.8 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 55.9 % in Dec 1994.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Bank of Japan provides Government Debt in local currency. The Economic and Social Research Institute provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about Japan Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Japan National Government Debt reached 9,396.6 USD bn in Apr 2023.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 1,080.1 USD bn in Mar 2023.

The statistic shows the national debt of Japan from 2020 to 2023, with projections up until 2030. The amount of Japan's national debt in 2023 amounted to about 9.91 trillion U.S. dollar. In a ranking of debt to GDP per country, Japan is thus currently ranked first. Japan's economic power With one of the largest gross domestic products (GDP), Japan is among the largest economies in the world. However, ever since the global financial crisis, Japan's GDP - like many others - has been slightly unstable; Japan even reported a negative GDP growth in comparison to the previous year in 2011 and in 2014. Still, it is estimated that gross domestic product in Japan will continue to thrive over the next decade. One indicator is Japan's inflation rate: Despite the aforementioned economic slumps, Japan has managed to maintain one of the lowest inflation rates in the world, and it also reduced its unemployment rate. Between 2010 and 2013, the unemployment rate in Japan decreased by approximately one percent, and it is expected to drop even lower over the next years. Recently, Japan has been reporting a trade deficit, meaning the value of its imports exceeds the value of its exports. Most of these imports have come from China and the United States. The trade deficit is one of the causes for in an increase of the national debt. It is estimated that the national debt in relation to the GDP will increase further until 2020.

Japan recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 236.70 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Japan Government Debt to GDP - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The statistic shows Japan's national debt from 2020 to 2023 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP), with projections up until 2030. In 2023, the national debt of Japan amounted to about 239.97 percent of the gross domestic product. An eye on Japan’s national debt Japan’s national debt ranks first among countries with the highest debt levels in the world, far surpassing the debt levels of Greece - which ranks number two - whose financial crisis has been in the spotlight recently. Italy is third, followed by Jamaica, Lebanon and Enritrea. Currently, Japan’s national debt amounts more than a thousand trillion yen and the country’s debt is predicted to keep rising for the foreseeable future, albeit only slightly. Japan’s national debt is not without consequence for the global economy, because the country claims the fourth-largest share in global gross domestic product. Therefore, the effects on the global economy would and could have a much greater global impact than that of a country such as Greece - considering its share of the global economy adjusted for purchase power parity was less than 0.29 percent in 2011. The debt levels of China, the United States and India should also be watched closely as they together make up the largest share of global GDP. At the moment, Japan’s inflation rate is among the lowest in the world, but as Japan attempts to reduce its national debt, this could change.

External Debt in Japan decreased to 679157 JPY Billion in the first quarter of 2025 from 684935 JPY Billion in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Japan External Debt - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Private Debt to GDP in Japan decreased to 172.40 percent in 2023 from 176.80 percent in 2022. Japan Private Debt to GDP - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on August of 2025.

Households Debt in Japan remained unchanged at 65.10 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024 from 65.10 percent of GDP in the third quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Japan Households Debt To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Japan National Government Debt

• Japan National Government Debt reached 9,396.6 USD bn in Apr 2023, compared with 9,570.6 USD bn in the previous month.
• Japan National Government Debt data is updated monthly, available from Apr 1982 to Apr 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 12,619.3 USD bn in Sep 2012 and a record low of 422.2 USD bn in Oct 1982.

CEIC converts monthly Government Debt into USD. The Bank of Japan provides Government Debt in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about Japan National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Japan Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 6.2 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2024.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 226.1 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2023.
• Japan Nominal GDP reached 1,080.1 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Japan Central Government Debt data was reported at 1,325,727.600 JPY bn in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,319,638.000 JPY bn for Jan 2025. Japan Central Government Debt data is updated monthly, averaging 663,044.100 JPY bn from Apr 1982 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 515 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,326,530.400 JPY bn in Apr 2024 and a record low of 114,192.300 JPY bn in Jul 1982. Japan Central Government Debt data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Japan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.F029: Central Government Debt. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

In a survey conducted in Japan in July 2023, close to ** percent of the respondents named their monthly income as a source of debt repayment after borrowing from finance companies. Around ** percent of the respondents used bonus payments to repay their debt.

Graph and download economic data for Outstanding Domestic Private Debt Securities to GDP for Japan (DDDM03JPA156NWDB) from 1997 to 2020 about Japan, debt, securities, domestic, private, and GDP.

Of the G7 countries, Japan had the highest net debt in terms of share of gross domestic product (GDP) between 2010 and 2024. That year, Japan's government's net debt reached an estimated *** percent of its total GDP. Italy had the second highest debt rate at *** percent of its GDP, whereas Canada had the lowest at only ** percent.

Japan JP: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Short Term data was reported at 23.556 % in Sep 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 25.020 % for Jun 2024. Japan JP: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Short Term data is updated quarterly, averaging 20.040 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to Sep 2024, with 108 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35.060 % in Dec 2012 and a record low of 5.423 % in Sep 1998. Japan JP: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Short Term data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government.

JP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Non Financial Public Corporations data was reported at 818.746 USD bn in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 860.704 USD bn for Mar 2018. JP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Non Financial Public Corporations data is updated quarterly, averaging 1,063.346 USD bn from Mar 1995 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 86 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,322.122 USD bn in Sep 2011 and a record low of 765.881 USD bn in Jun 2015. JP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Non Financial Public Corporations data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.QPSD: Gross Public Debt: Non Financial Public Corporations.

Japan JP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Non Financial Public Corporations: Debt Securities: Market Value data was reported at 98.292 USD bn in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 99.521 USD bn for Mar 2018. Japan JP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Non Financial Public Corporations: Debt Securities: Market Value data is updated quarterly, averaging 133.819 USD bn from Mar 1995 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 86 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 561.789 USD bn in Mar 1995 and a record low of 80.642 USD bn in Mar 2006. Japan JP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Non Financial Public Corporations: Debt Securities: Market Value data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.QPSD: Gross Public Debt: Non Financial Public Corporations.

JP: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government: Debt Securities: Market Value data was reported at 194.945 % in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 194.778 % for Mar 2018. JP: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government: Debt Securities: Market Value data is updated quarterly, averaging 132.489 % from Mar 1995 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 86 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 201.263 % in Jun 2016 and a record low of 54.177 % in Mar 1995. JP: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government: Debt Securities: Market Value data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government.

JP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Non Financial Public Corporations: Loans data was reported at 647.870 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 611.437 USD bn for Dec 2017. JP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Non Financial Public Corporations: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 684.349 USD bn from Mar 1995 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 85 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,028.698 USD bn in Sep 2011 and a record low of 458.879 USD bn in Jun 1999. JP: Gross Public Debt: USD: Non Financial Public Corporations: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: Non Financial Public Corporations.

Japan JP: Gross Public Debt: Central Government: Long Term data was reported at 8,075,000.000 JPY mn in Sep 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8,851,100.000 JPY mn for Jun 2024. Japan JP: Gross Public Debt: Central Government: Long Term data is updated quarterly, averaging 1,590,700.000 JPY mn from Dec 1997 (Median) to Sep 2024, with 108 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,851,100.000 JPY mn in Jun 2024 and a record low of 0.000 JPY mn in Mar 1998. Japan JP: Gross Public Debt: Central Government: Long Term data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.QPSD: Gross Public Debt: Central Government.

Central Government Debt: Bank of Japan data was reported at 451,380.900 JPY bn in Sep 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 456,977.800 JPY bn for Aug 2018. Central Government Debt: Bank of Japan data is updated monthly, averaging 56,479.550 JPY bn from Apr 1982 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 438 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 456,977.800 JPY bn in Aug 2018 and a record low of 11,958.400 JPY bn in Jan 1987. Central Government Debt: Bank of Japan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Japan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.F030: Central Government Debt.

Japan Central Government Debt: Other Holders data was reported at 619,466.400 JPY bn in Sep 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 624,657.000 JPY bn for Aug 2018. Japan Central Government Debt: Other Holders data is updated monthly, averaging 212,013.150 JPY bn from Apr 1982 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 438 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 843,890.100 JPY bn in May 2012 and a record low of 60,647.400 JPY bn in Jul 1982. Japan Central Government Debt: Other Holders data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Japan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.F030: Central Government Debt.