In 2023, the total population in Japan slightly decreased to just below *** million people compared to the previous year, with the female population reaching around **** million, as compared to **** million men. The oldest population in the world  Japanese society is facing severe demographic problems such as decreasing birthrates, remaining under *** million births annually recently, and a thereby aging population. The country’s average age lies at around ** years, making its population the oldest in the world. Elderly people aged 65 years and older accounted for about ** percent of the population in 2023. According to a forecast, this age group would make up approximately ** percent of the Japanese population by 2070. Challenges with the demographic shift The rapid aging of the society poses significant economic and sociopolitical challenges to the country, as the workforce will continue to shrink while increasingly more elderly will receive long-term support. Currently, close to ***** million Japanese require long-term care, leading to national benefit expenses of over ** trillion yen annually, including in-home and community-based services.

Japan Population Census: Male: Age 35 to 39 Years data was reported at 4,204,202.000 Person in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,950,122.000 Person for 2010. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 35 to 39 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 3,859,640.500 Person from Dec 1920 (Median) to 2015, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,398,230.000 Person in 1985 and a record low of 1,707,771.000 Person in 1920. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 35 to 39 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.G002: Population: Annual.

In 2024, the number of men within the age group of 65 years and older in Japan was forecast at approximately **** million people. While the projection indicated a constant decrease for men aged under 14 years and from 15 to 64 years, the male population aged 65 and older was forecast to grow until 2040 and thereafter drop to about **** million by 2120.

Collective data of Japan's birth-related statistics from 1899 to 2022. Some data are missing between the years 1944 and 1946 due to records lost during World War II.

For use case and analysis reference, please take a look at this notebook Japan Birth Demographics Analysis

Feature Descriptions

• year: The year.
• birth_total: The total number of births.
• birth_male: The total number of male births.
• birth_female: The total number of female births.
• birth_rate: The birth rate. Equation is birth_total / population_total * 1,000
• birth_gender_ratio: The birth gender ratio. Equation is birth_male / birth_female * 1,000
• total_fertility_rate: The average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime.
• population_total: The total population.
• population_male: The total male population.
• population_female: The total female population.
• infant_death_total: The total infant deaths.
• infant_death_male: The total male infant deaths.
• infant_death_female: The total female infant deaths.
• infant_death_unknown_gender: The total unknown gender infant deaths.
• infant_death_rate: The infant death rate. Equation is infant_death_total / birth_total * 1,000
• infant_death_gender_ratio: The infant death gender ratio. Equation is infant_death_male / infant_death_female * 1,000
• infant_deaths_in_total_deaths: The infant death ratio among other deaths.
• stillbirth_total: The total number of stillbirths (dead born).
• stillbirth_male: The total number of male stillbirths.
• stillbirth_female: The total number of female stillbirths.
• stillbirth_unknown_gender: The total number of unknown gender stillbirths.
• stillbirth_rate: The stillbirth rate. Equation is stillbirth_total / (birth_total + stillbirth_total) * 1,000
• stillbirth_gender_ratio: The stillbirth gender ratio. Equation is stillbirth_male / stillbirth_female * 1,000
• firstborn: The number of firstborns.
• secondborn: The number of secondborns.
• thirdborn: The number of thirdborns.
• forthborn: The number of forthborns.
• fifthborn_and_above: The number of fifthborns and above.
• weeks_under_28: The number of births occurred under week 28. Early terms.
• weeks_28-31: The number of births occurred between weeks 28 and 31. Early terms.
• weeks_32-36: The number of births occurred between weeks 32 and 36. Early terms.
• weeks_37-41: The number of births occurred between weeks 37 and 41. Full terms.
• weeks_over_42: The number of births occurred over week 42. Late terms.
• mother_age_avg: The mother's average age.
• mother_age_firstborn: The mother's average age of the firstborn.
• mother_age_secondborn: The mother's average age of the secondborn.
• mother_age_thirdborn: The mother's average age of the thirdborn.
• mother_age_under_19: The number of births by mothers under age 19.
• mother_age_20-24: The number of births by mothers between age 20 and 24.
• mother_age_25-29: The number of births by mothers between age 25 and 29.
• mother_age_30-34: The number of births by mothers between age 30 and 34.
• mother_age_35-39: The number of births by mothers between age 35 and 39.
• mother_age_40-44: The number of births by mothers between age 40 and 44.
• mother_age_over_45: The number of births by mothers over 45.
• father_age_avg: The father's average age.
• father_age_firstborn: The father's average age of the firstborn.
• father_age_secondborn: The father's average age of the secondborn.
• father_age_thirdborn: The father's average age of the thirdborn.
• legitimate_child: The Number of births under married parents.
• illegitimate_child: The number of births under non-married parents.

Acknowledgement

E-Stat Demographic Survey

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Working-Age Population Male: 15 Years or over for Japan (LFWATTMAJPM647S) from Jan 1955 to Aug 2025 about working-age, 15 years +, males, Japan, and population.

Japan Population Census: Male: Age 50 to 54 Years data was reported at 3,968,311.000 Person in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,809,576.000 Person for 2010. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 50 to 54 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 2,179,935.000 Person from Dec 1920 (Median) to 2015, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,210,038.000 Person in 2000 and a record low of 1,122,240.000 Person in 1920. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 50 to 54 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.G002: Population: Annual.

Japan Population Census: Male: Age 25 to 29 Years data was reported at 3,255,717.000 Person in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3,691,723.000 Person for 2010. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 25 to 29 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 3,875,527.000 Person from Dec 1920 (Median) to 2015, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,426,289.000 Person in 1975 and a record low of 1,603,664.000 Person in 1945. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 25 to 29 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.G002: Population: Annual.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Working-Age Population Male: From 15 to 24 Years for Japan (LFWA24MAJPQ647S) from Q1 1970 to Q3 2025 about working-age, 15 to 24 years, males, Japan, and population.

Population of compulsory school age, male (number) in Japan was reported at 5156573 Persons in 2018, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Population of compulsory school age, male - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

Approximately **** million women within the age group of 65 years and older were forecast for 2024 in Japan. While the projection indicated a constant decrease for women aged under 65 years, the female population aged 65 and older was forecast to grow until 2040 and thereafter drop to about ** million by 2120.

School age population, secondary education, male (number) in Japan was reported at 3521054 Persons in 2018, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Population of the official age for secondary education, male - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

School age population, primary education, male (number) in Japan was reported at 3421331 Persons in 2018, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Population of the official age for primary education, male - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

Japan Population Census: Male: Age 40 to 44 Years data was reported at 4,914,018.000 Person in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,400,375.000 Person for 2010. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 40 to 44 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 3,219,758.500 Person from Dec 1920 (Median) to 2015, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,349,985.000 Person in 1990 and a record low of 1,624,224.000 Person in 1925. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 40 to 44 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.G002: Population: Annual.

Japan Population Census: Male: Age 85 to 89 Years data was reported at 1,056,641.000 Person in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 744,222.000 Person for 2010. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 85 to 89 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 744,222.000 Person from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2015, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,056,641.000 Person in 2015 and a record low of 555,126.000 Person in 2005. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 85 to 89 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.G002: Population: Annual.

School age population, lower secondary education, male (number) in Japan was reported at 1735242 Persons in 2018, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Population of the official age for lower secondary education, male - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

Population of the official entrance age to primary education, male (number) in Japan was reported at 563760 Persons in 2018, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Population of the official entrance age to primary education, male - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

Actual value and historical data chart for Japan Population Of The Official Entrance Age To Secondary General Education Male Number

In 2023, people in their forties comprised the largest share of Japan's caravanning participants, comprised of **** percent men and **** percent women. Men were more likely to participate in caravanning than women.

Japan Population Census: Male: Age 55 to 59 Years data was reported at 3,729,523.000 Person in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,287,489.000 Person for 2010. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 55 to 59 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 1,998,839.000 Person from Dec 1920 (Median) to 2015, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,077,369.000 Person in 2005 and a record low of 912,085.000 Person in 1920. Japan Population Census: Male: Age 55 to 59 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.G002: Population: Annual.

Actual value and historical data chart for Japan Population Of The Official Age For Upper Secondary Education Male Number