In 2023, Japanese men in their forties had the highest body weight, amounting to an average of 70.4 kilograms. Japanese men aged 26 to 29 years old had an average body weight of 69.1 kilograms.

As of November 2023, the majority of men in Japan were within the normal range of the body mass index (BMI). According to the survey, approximately ** percent of male respondents aged 20 to 29 years were of normal weight, while around ** percent were classified as overweight.

Japan JP: Prevalence of Overweight: Weight for Height: Male: % of Children Under 5 data was reported at 1.900 % in 2010. Japan JP: Prevalence of Overweight: Weight for Height: Male: % of Children Under 5 data is updated yearly, averaging 1.900 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2010, with 1 observations. Japan JP: Prevalence of Overweight: Weight for Height: Male: % of Children Under 5 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: Health Statistics. Prevalence of overweight, male, is the percentage of boys under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations above the median for the international reference population of the corresponding age as established by the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.; ; World Health Organization, Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. Country-level data are unadjusted data from national surveys, and thus may not be comparable across countries.; Linear mixed-effect model estimates; Estimates of overweight children are also from national survey data. Once considered only a high-income economy problem, overweight children have become a growing concern in developing countries. Research shows an association between childhood obesity and a high prevalence of diabetes, respiratory disease, high blood pressure, and psychosocial and orthopedic disorders (de Onis and Blössner 2003). Childhood obesity is associated with a higher chance of obesity, premature death, and disability in adulthood. In addition to increased future risks, obese children experience breathing difficulties and increased risk of fractures, hypertension, early markers of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and psychological effects. Children in low- and middle-income countries are more vulnerable to inadequate nutrition before birth and in infancy and early childhood. Many of these children are exposed to high-fat, high-sugar, high-salt, calorie-dense, micronutrient-poor foods, which tend be lower in cost than more nutritious foods. These dietary patterns, in conjunction with low levels of physical activity, result in sharp increases in childhood obesity, while under-nutrition continues

According to a survey conducted in February 2024, women in Japan spent on average eight thousand Japanese yen per weight reduction session, while men spent on average 5.18 thousand yen for a weight reduction session. Weight reduction treatments belong to the more expensive services available in the beauty services industry in Japan.

JP: Prevalence of Severe Wasting: Weight for Height: Male: % of Children under 5 data was reported at 0.300 % in 2010. JP: Prevalence of Severe Wasting: Weight for Height: Male: % of Children under 5 data is updated yearly, averaging 0.300 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2010, with 1 observations. JP: Prevalence of Severe Wasting: Weight for Height: Male: % of Children under 5 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: Health Statistics. Prevalence of severe wasting, male, is the proportion of boys under age 5 whose weight for height is more than three standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59.; ; World Health Organization, Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. Country-level data are unadjusted data from national surveys, and thus may not be comparable across countries.; Linear mixed-effect model estimates; Undernourished children have lower resistance to infection and are more likely to die from common childhood ailments such as diarrheal diseases and respiratory infections. Frequent illness saps the nutritional status of those who survive, locking them into a vicious cycle of recurring sickness and faltering growth (UNICEF, www.childinfo.org). Estimates of child malnutrition, based on prevalence of underweight and stunting, are from national survey data. The proportion of underweight children is the most common malnutrition indicator. Being even mildly underweight increases the risk of death and inhibits cognitive development in children. And it perpetuates the problem across generations, as malnourished women are more likely to have low-birth-weight babies. Stunting, or being below median height for age, is often used as a proxy for multifaceted deprivation and as an indicator of long-term changes in malnutrition.

Sex ratio theory suggests that females should bias offspring sex ratios based on maternal condition and the availability of critical food resources. Work in birds indicates that females do, indeed, bias sex ratios according to maternal condition and food quality and quantity. Yet it is unknown whether these sex ratio skews occur due to fluctuations in particular micro- or macro-nutrients, caloric content overall, or even the perception of food availability. We hypothesized that dietary fats may drive biases in offspring sex ratios, because measures of maternal condition often reflect fat reserves, and fats are critical for the process of egg-laying in birds. To test this, we provided breeding Japanese quail, a species that biases sex ratios in response to maternal condition, with either a control breeding diet or a diet supplemented with two oils (safflower oil and flaxseed oil). These oils were chosen for their high omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid content as well as their importance in mammalian sex allocation. We then measured influences of these diets on the sex ratio of offspring, the change in maternal weight, and the laying rates of female quail. The dietary oil supplements increased weight gains in quail but decreased the number of eggs laid during the experiment. There was no influence of the oil supplements on offspring sex ratios. This indicates that fat may not be a macro-nutrient involved in the process of sex ratio adjustment in quail. Methods Housing and Bird Care Sexually mature Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) (n=65 males and 65 females) were pair-housed in wire cages (6”x12”x10”) with one male and one female per cage. Quail had ad libitum access to water and feed throughout the entire experiment through nipple drinkers and trough feeders. The quail cages were housed in a single, climate-controlled room with a light clock schedule of 14:10 hours of light to dark. These quail were part of a breeding colony maintained by the University of Georgia and were available for inclusion in this experiment when they were in peak lay, at approximately 24 weeks old. Japanese quail lay one egg per day, and clutch sizes range from 10–14 eggs per clutch (Lukanov and Pavlova 2020) with an average lag of 21.6h between successive clutches (Aggrey et al. 1993). In our breeding colony, we have noted similar clutch sizes, but rarely, we have observed females lay more than one egg per day, a phenomenon that has never been officially reported on in quail but has been observed previously in chickens (Navara and Wrobel 2019). The average fertility rates in previous studies of domestic quail were around 87% (reviewed in Lukanov and Pavlova 2020), though it is not uncommon in our breeding colony to see lower fertility rates, between 60 and 70%, in unmanipulated birds. It is still unknown whether wild Japanese quail are monogamous or polygynous; instead, it is likely that they can exhibit either mating strategy, but we maintain our birds in monogamous pairs, and female quail conduct all parental care in both wild and domestic situations. Design and Dietary Treatments The control diet was the standard quail layer diet used at the University of Georgia Poultry Research Facility (Table 1). Our high-fat diet was formulated by a poultry nutritionist at the University of Georgia (Dr. Woo Kim); it included 5% safflower seed oil (Hollywood® Safflower Oil) and 5% flaxseed oil (Puritan’s Pride® Natural Organic Flaxseed Oil) by weight and a reduction of carbohydrate content to account for the increased caloric load of the two added oils. We chose these amounts because it was the largest change in dietary fat that we could achieve without reducing a majority of the other critical nutrients in the diet other than carbohydrates. Overall, the formulation effectively elevated the fat content of the diet while simultaneously decreasing the carbohydrate content. We chose to decrease the carbohydrate content rather than increase the total caloric content of the diet because it would have been impossible to determine whether any effects caused were because of caloric content or a particular macronutrient. Unfortunately, it was impossible to adjust fat content by itself, so results will be interpreted with the understanding that carbohydrate content was reduced in this study as well, with the assumption that any effects we saw would need to be further examined to ensure that the decrease in carbohydrate content was not playing a role. We allocated 30 quail pairs to the fat-supplemented group and 35 pairs were allocated to stay on the control diet. The two groups remained on these diets for the remainder of the experiment. After two weeks on the dietary treatments, eggs were then collected for 14 days (Figure 1). We waited this two-week period because quail eggs can take anywhere from 4–7 days to complete rapid yolk deposition (Bacon and Koontz 1971); we wanted to be sure that all birds had acclimated to the treatment for at least two weeks and all eggs we measured were influenced by the dietary supplementation. We collected a total of 496 eggs from control females and 312 eggs from females on the experimental diet. Female body weights were measured both before and at the end of the experiment using a digital scale (accuracy 0.01g). Sexing of Offspring After collecting eggs, we stored them in a cooler at 4℃ for a maximum of seven days before transferring them to an incubator at 37.5℃ at 58% relative humidity for four days. The incubated eggs were then removed and frozen at -50℃. While some suggest that sexing unincubated eggs is a better method of detecting primary sex ratios (Klein et al., 2003), there have been questions about whether contamination with maternal granulosa cells may influence the results (Arnold et al. 2003a). We opted to incubate for four days, as we have in previous studies, because this provided ample embryonic tissue for DNA extraction (Gam et al. 2011, Pinson et al. 2015). A total of 332 eggs from control females and 187 eggs from females on the experimental diet were fertile, and embryos were collected from these eggs. The remaining 164 eggs from control females and 125 eggs from females on the experimental diet were infertile and did not yield embryonic material for sexing. To extract DNA from embryos, we used a standard salt extraction according to procedures described in Lambert et al. (2000). While eggs were still frozen, we removed their eggshells and weighed out 10–20mg of embryonic tissue. DNA amplification was focused around the CHD-1 alleles to visualize male and female sex chromosomes (Fridolfsson and Ellegren 1999). PCR primers and reaction concentrations were the same as specified in Pinson et al. (2015). Reaction times and temperatures were as described in Fridolfsson and Ellegren (1999). Primers used were 2550F (5'-GTTACTGATTCGTCTACGAGA-3') and 2718R (5'-ATTGAAATGATCCAGTGCTTG-3'). PCR products were visualized utilizing ethidium bromide staining of a 3% agarose gel. Male products presented as a single band while female products presented as two bands. Eggs for which there was no evidence of embryonic development were deemed to be infertile. Statistical Analyses To test whether the treatment influenced the sex ratio of embryos produced by females, embryos were coded as “1” for female and “0” for male. We then conducted a generalized linear mixed effects model, including dietary treatment, the change in weight, the log-transformed value of initial weight, and the interactions of these variables as fixed factors and female ID as a random effect. We conducted a similar analysis to test the effects of treatment on whether the eggs laid were fertile (fertile eggs were coded as “1” while infertile eggs were coded as “0”), and whether an egg was laid on a given day, since quail generally lay one egg per day (egg laid was coded as “1” while egg not laid was coded as “0”). Because quail in our population occasionally lay more than one egg per day, we also tested whether treatment influenced the incidence of double eggs using a logistic regression analysis; females that laid 2 eggs in one day were coded as “1” and females that did not were coded as “0”. Next, we tested whether the initial weight and/or change in weight of the females was related to the number of eggs they laid using general linear models. We tested whether female body weights were different between the two treatment groups at the beginning and the end of the experiment using a repeated measures ANOVA. The residuals of the initial and final weights were both non-normally distributed based on Shapiro-Wilks tests and needed to be log-transformed for analysis. We also tested whether treatment influenced the change in weight over the duration of the experiment using a general linear model with dietary treatment as the predictor variable and change in weight as the dependent variable. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05 and results are reported below with means ± standard deviations. Statistical analyses were carried out using RStudio (version 4.2.1), using the lmer package for sex ratio analyses.

Introduction

The Japanese Scripted Monologue Speech Dataset for the Delivery & Logistics Domain is a meticulously curated resource developed to support Japanese language speech recognition technologies, with a focus on real-world delivery and logistics applications.

Speech Data

This dataset includes 6,000+ high-quality scripted monologue recordings in Japanese, crafted to simulate practical scenarios in the delivery and logistics industry. These prompts are ideal for building robust, domain-specific conversational AI and customer support systems.

Topic & Scenario Coverage

The dataset captures a wide variety of realistic delivery and logistics situations, including:

Linguistic Features

To simulate authentic conversations, prompts include:

Transcription

Each audio file is paired with a verbatim transcription, enhancing usability for training and validation:

Metadata

Comprehensive metadata accompanies every audio file and participant profile, supporting flexible filtering and model adaptation:

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to demonstrate live weight estimation based on age by using Newton Interpolation method for male and female quails for seven weeks of fattening. A total of 138-day-old quail chicks were used in the study. The study demonstrated a 6th-degree polynomial interpolation for the function values obtained at seven equal intervals from 7 to 49 days. Live weight increase prediction was calculated for male and female quails between the 7th and 49th days using Newton Interpolation. Daily live weight increase for male and female quails based on observed live weights was determined. Female quails displayed more live weight increase after the 19th day compared with males. Average live weight increase in male quails was 3.81 g, and 4.63 g for females until the 49th day. The highest live weight increase was observed during the fourth week for all quails. Sum of squared errors and coefficient of determination (R2) for fit of the model were calculated and the F test was performed. F, sum of squared errors, and R2 obtained by Newton Interpolation for male quails and female quail were very large: 0 (approximately zero) and 0.999, respectively. The interpolation method is suitable for breeding studies.

Japan Consumer Price Index (CPI): Weight: C&F: Clothes: Clothing: Men: Suits: Summer: Medium data was reported at 7.000 Per 10TH in Dec 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 7.000 Per 10TH for Nov 2016. Japan Consumer Price Index (CPI): Weight: C&F: Clothes: Clothing: Men: Suits: Summer: Medium data is updated monthly, averaging 7.000 Per 10TH from Jul 2011 (Median) to Dec 2016, with 66 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.000 Per 10TH in Dec 2016 and a record low of 7.000 Per 10TH in Dec 2016. Japan Consumer Price Index (CPI): Weight: C&F: Clothes: Clothing: Men: Suits: Summer: Medium data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.I016: Consumer Price Index: 2010=100: Weight.

Japan Consumer Price Index (CPI): Weight: C&F: Clothes: Clothing: Men: Suits: Winter: Medium data was reported at 5.000 Per 10TH in Dec 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 5.000 Per 10TH for Nov 2016. Japan Consumer Price Index (CPI): Weight: C&F: Clothes: Clothing: Men: Suits: Winter: Medium data is updated monthly, averaging 5.000 Per 10TH from Jul 2011 (Median) to Dec 2016, with 66 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.000 Per 10TH in Dec 2016 and a record low of 5.000 Per 10TH in Dec 2016. Japan Consumer Price Index (CPI): Weight: C&F: Clothes: Clothing: Men: Suits: Winter: Medium data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.I016: Consumer Price Index: 2010=100: Weight.

According to a survey conducted in November 2023, most women in Japan were within the normal range of the body mass index (BMI). Around **** percent of female respondents in the age group 30 to 39 years were of normal weight in terms of BMI, while about **** percent were overweight. Weights control in Japan The majority of deaths in recent Japanese society are caused by lifestyle diseases. In order to reduce the number of deaths from lifestyle diseases, the Japanese government implemented a new annual metabolic syndrome examination in 2008 for citizens aged over 40 years old. People who are classified as having metabolic syndrome or pre-metabolic syndrome at the examination receive advice and support from a nutritionist to improve their diet and lifestyle habits. The government also introduced a new license Tokuho in 1991 for food and beverages that contain ingredients that can have a positive influence on the physiological function. Major companies in Japan currently produce a lot of food and drink products that can meet the requirement of the license. Despite those measures, the share of people in Japan that are classified as overweight has not fluctuated much in recent years. As of 2019, close to ** percent of Japanese men were classified as obese. Underweight among young women In contrast to the people categorized as overweight, young female Japanese are facing an underweight problem. According to the survey, approximately ** percent of women in their twenties and **** percent of girls below 20 years old were reported as being underweight. The Japanese health ministry pointed out that the dissemination of beauty standards in society and media, alongside the flooded information about diet methods, are facilitating young Japanese women’s desire to be “thin.” To reduce the risk of health disorders, such as amenorrhea and osteoporosis among women, the government has set the goal of less than 15 percent of the female population under 30 years old to be underweight by 2032.

Japan Consumer Price Index (CPI): W: C&F: Clothes: Clothing: Men: Suits: Atmn&Wntr: Medium data was reported at 5.000 Per 10TH in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 5.000 Per 10TH for Feb 2025. Japan Consumer Price Index (CPI): W: C&F: Clothes: Clothing: Men: Suits: Atmn&Wntr: Medium data is updated monthly, averaging 5.000 Per 10TH from Jan 1970 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 663 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.000 Per 10TH in Mar 2025 and a record low of 5.000 Per 10TH in Mar 2025. Japan Consumer Price Index (CPI): W: C&F: Clothes: Clothing: Men: Suits: Atmn&Wntr: Medium data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.I008: Consumer Price Index: 2020=100: Fixed Weight.

居民消费价格指数：TKY：FW：C＆F：服装：服装：男性：套装：春夏装：中型在04-01-2025达6.000Per 10TH，相较于03-01-2025的6.000Per 10TH保持不变。居民消费价格指数：TKY：FW：C＆F：服装：服装：男性：套装：春夏装：中型数据按月更新，05-01-1970至04-01-2025期间平均值为6.000Per 10TH，共660份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于04-01-2025，达6.000Per 10TH，而历史最低值则出现于04-01-2025，为6.000Per 10TH。CEIC提供的居民消费价格指数：TKY：FW：C＆F：服装：服装：男性：套装：春夏装：中型数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于総務省統計局，数据归类于全球数据库的日本 – Table JP.I024: Consumer Price Index: Tokyo: 2020=100: Fixed Weight。