In a survey conducted in 2019, 42.4 percent of respondents in Japan considered themselves lower middle class. The share of respondents identifying themselves as lower middle class has decreased by 14 percent since 1990.

A breakdown of annual household incomes in Japan showed that around ***** percent of households earned less than *** million Japanese yen per year as of 2024. That year, the average annual household income of Japanese households was approximately *** million yen compared to a median household income of *** million yen.

In 2024, the highest salary-earning households in Tokyo Prefecture made close to *********** Japanese yen on average per month. By comparison, the gross income of the lowest-paid households in the prefecture amounted to around ******* yen a month.

Japan JP: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Middle East & North Africa data was reported at 0.884 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.910 % for 2015. Japan JP: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Middle East & North Africa data is updated yearly, averaging 2.345 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.964 % in 1975 and a record low of 0.884 % in 2016. Japan JP: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Middle East & North Africa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East and North Africa are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Middle East and North Africa region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Japan JP: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Europe & Central Asia data was reported at 1.540 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.399 % for 2015. Japan JP: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Europe & Central Asia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.512 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.952 % in 2008 and a record low of 0.176 % in 1960. Japan JP: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Europe & Central Asia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe and Central Asia are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Europe and Central Asia region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Japan JP: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: South Asia data was reported at 1.056 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.004 % for 2015. Japan JP: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: South Asia data is updated yearly, averaging 1.210 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.449 % in 1960 and a record low of 0.693 % in 2004. Japan JP: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: South Asia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.WDI: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the South Asia region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Market Size and Growth: The Japan Wealth Management Industry has a significant market size of 4.49 million and is projected to grow at a steady CAGR of 4.12% during the forecast period (2025-2033). The growth is attributed to factors such as rising affluence, increasing demand for personalized wealth management solutions, and a favorable regulatory environment that encourages long-term savings. Market Dynamics: Key drivers of the industry include the growing middle class and the aging population, which are leading to an increase in the number of high-net-worth individuals and a need for tailored wealth management services. Other factors contributing to growth are the rise of robo-advisors and fintech solutions, making wealth management more accessible and affordable. However, challenges such as low interest rates and competition from traditional banks may restrain market expansion. The industry is segmented by client type (retail, pension funds, insurance companies, banks, others), type of mandate (investment funds, discretionary mandates), asset class (equity, fixed income, cash/money market, other asset classes), and region (Japan). Major players in the market include Nomura Asset Management, Nikko Asset Management, and Daiwa Asset Management, among others. Recent developments include: July 2023: Nikko Asset Management and Osmosis (Holdings) Limited announced a non-binding agreement for a strategic partnership. Under this agreement, Nikko AM aims to acquire a minority stake in Osmosis and obtain distribution rights for Osmosis' investment products and strategies.March 2022: Allianz Real Estate, a global real estate investment manager, finalized an agreement to purchase a portfolio of high-quality multi-family residential properties in Tokyo for around USD 90 million. This acquisition was made on behalf of the Allianz Real Estate Asia-Pacific Japan Multi-Family Fund.March 2022: KKR & Co. announced its acquisition of Japanese real estate asset manager Mitsubishi Corp.-UBS Realty Inc. (MC-UBSR) for JPY 230 billion (USD 1.94 billion). This move was expected to strengthen the US private equity firm's footprint in Japan. The acquisition involved KKR purchasing MC-UBSR from Mitsubishi Corp. (8058.T) and UBS Asset Management.. Key drivers for this market are: Aging Population Led to a Growing Demand for Retirement Planning and Wealth Management Services, Growing Demand for Investment Products and Services. Potential restraints include: Aging Population Led to a Growing Demand for Retirement Planning and Wealth Management Services, Growing Demand for Investment Products and Services. Notable trends are: ESG Integration Reshaping Japan's Asset Management Landscape.

Japanese households had an average annual income of approximately *** million Japanese yen in 2024, constituting an increase of *** percent compared to the previous year. Stagnant wages and regional income disparitiesHousehold income refers to the combined gross income of all household members aged 15 years and older, regardless of relation. While the average number of household members was **** in 2022, there were only about **** earners per household. A look at the time series reveals that the average income stagnated in the last ten years. Japan’s well-beingOften cited with family income and per capita income, the annual average household income is a useful economic indicator of a country’s living standard and individual wealth. In terms of well-being, Japan’s performance is mixed compared to other OECD countries. While low labor market insecurity and a high employment rate indicate Japan is performing well relative to other OECD countries, average earnings, as well as household net adjusted disposable income were lower than the OECD average.

Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise exports) in Japan was reported at 8.383 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Merchandise exports to developing economies outside region (% of total merchandise exports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise imports) in Japan was reported at 5.6862 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Merchandise imports from developing economies outside region (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise imports) in Japan was reported at 36.59 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Merchandise imports from developing economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

Japan JP: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Latin America & The Caribbean data was reported at 3.660 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.851 % for 2015. Japan JP: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Latin America & The Caribbean data is updated yearly, averaging 4.443 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.427 % in 1974 and a record low of 2.768 % in 1989. Japan JP: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Latin America & The Caribbean data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Latin America and the Caribbean are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Latin America and the Caribbean region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Tokyo is the city where the highest number of consumers counts as middle class and above. In the Japanese capital, ** million people earned at least the equivalent of the highest ** percent of global income earners as of 2022 in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Delhi and Shanghai followed behind.

Japan JP: Income Share Held by Highest 20% data was reported at 39.700 % in 2008. Japan JP: Income Share Held by Highest 20% data is updated yearly, averaging 39.700 % from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2008, with 1 observations. Japan JP: Income Share Held by Highest 20% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.; ; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).; ; The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (industrialized economies). While income distribution data are published for all countries with data available, poverty data are published for low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia) only. See PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/WhatIsNew.aspx) for definitions of geographical regions and industrialized countries.

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports) in Japan was reported at 0.16948 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Merchandise imports from developing economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on September of 2025.

The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has dominated Japanese politics since its foundation in 1955. The party’s ability to support the interests of small farmers and its commitment to the middle-class through redistributive economic policies have been regarded as among the primary factors leading to its prolonged hegemony. Yet, the LDP has occasionally relied on non-economic political appeals addressing rather conservative issues such as Japan’s military force and the country’s traditional values. These appeals have significantly intensified under the premiership of Junichirō Koizumi and his successor Shinzō Abe, whose authoritative leadership styles and nationalist agendas reveal the relevance of non-economic values. This study focuses on the role of authoritarian values in shaping vote choice in 21st century Japan. Previously emphasized in The Japanese Voter, the authority-liberty dimension has gradually lost prominence in recent models of voting behavior, where socioeconomic factors have had a central role in explaining vote choice. Our inquiry places new emphasis on this value dimension and provides evidence of the enduring relevance of individual authoritarian dispositions in models of vote choice.

Japan JP: Income Share Held by Highest 10% data was reported at 24.700 % in 2008. Japan JP: Income Share Held by Highest 10% data is updated yearly, averaging 24.700 % from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2008, with 1 observations. Japan JP: Income Share Held by Highest 10% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles.; ; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).; ; The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (industrialized economies). While income distribution data are published for all countries with data available, poverty data are published for low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia) only. See PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/WhatIsNew.aspx) for definitions of geographical regions and industrialized countries.

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise imports) in Japan was reported at 0.98283 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Merchandise imports from developing economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise imports) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

The health and survival of women and their new-born babies in low income countries is a key public health priority, but basic and consistent subnational data on the number of live births to support decision making has been lacking. WorldPop integrates small area data on the distribution of women of childbearing age and age-specific fertility rates to map the estimated distributions of births for each 1x1km grid square across all low and middle income countries. Further details on the methods can be found in Tatem et al. and James et al..
Data for earlier dates is available directly from WorldPop.

WorldPop (www.worldpop.org - School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton). 2018. Japan 1km Births. Version 1.0 2015 estimates of numbers of live births per grid square, with national totals adjusted to match UN national estimates on numbers of live births (http://esa.un.org/wpp/). DOI: 10.5258/SOTON/WP00559

The Japanese life and non-life insurance market is a significant and well-established industry, showcasing steady growth over the past years. The market size, valued at XX million in 2023, is projected to grow at a CAGR of XX% during the forecast period of 2023-2033. This growth is driven by various factors, including an aging population, increasing awareness of financial planning, and a growing middle class with disposable income. Key market drivers include rising healthcare costs, increasing natural disasters, and evolving regulatory landscapes. The life insurance segment dominates the market, with individual life insurance policies accounting for a substantial share. The non-life insurance segment, on the other hand, is segmented into home, motor, and other lines of coverage. Direct distribution channels, such as company websites and mobile applications, are gaining popularity due to their convenience and cost-effectiveness. Major companies operating in the market include Nippon Life Insurance Company, Japan Post Insurance Co Ltd, National Mutual Insurance Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives, and Tokio Marine & Nichido Fire Insurance Co Ltd. The Japanese life and non-life insurance market remains highly competitive, with a focus on innovation, customer service, and product diversification to cater to the evolving needs of policyholders. Notable trends are: Increase in Number of Individual Insurance Policies and Policies in Force.