In 1995, Israel had a Jewish population of approximately 4.5 million people, of whom approximately 1.75 million were born abroad. Over one million of these immigrants were born in Europe, with over 650,000 of these born in the former Soviet Union. Despite Poland having the largest Jewish population in the world in the pre-WWII years, the number of Polish Jewish migrants and descendents in Israel was relatively small in 1995 when compared to the USSR due to the impact of the Holocaust.

Outside of Europe, Morocco had the largest number of Jewish immigrants and descendents in Israel by 1995. Morocco had the largest Jewish population in the Muslim world when Israel was founded in 1948, with over 250,000 people. Many Moroccan Jews sought to emigrate to Israel at this time, but often faced resistance from authorities and local populations who believed the Jews would join in the fight against the Arab forces seeking to establish a Muslim state in Palestine. The government of Morocco then officially prohibited emigration to Israel after gaining independence from France in 1956, however this policy was reversed in 1961 whereby the Moroccan government began facilitating Jewish emigration to Israel in return for payments from Jewish organizations in the U.S. and Israel. By the 1970s, Morocco's Jewish population had fallen to less than 15 percent of its size in 1948.

Jews were the dominant religious group in the Israel-Palestine region at the beginning of the first millennia CE, and are the dominant religious group there today, however, there was a period of almost 2,000 years where most of the world's Jews were displaced from their spiritual homeland. Antiquity to the 20th century Jewish hegemony in the region began changing after a series of revolts against Roman rule led to mass expulsions and emigration. Roman control saw severe persecution of Jewish and Christian populations, but this changed when the Byzantine Empire adopted Christianity as its official religion in the 4th century. Christianity then dominated until the 7th century, when the Rashidun Caliphate (the first to succeed Muhammad) took control of the Levant. Control of region split between Christians and Muslims intermittently between the 11th and 13th centuries during the Crusades, although the population remained overwhelmingly Muslim. Zionism until today Through the Paris Peace Conference, the British took control of Palestine in 1920. The Jewish population began growing through the Zionist Movement after the 1880s, which sought to establish a Jewish state in Palestine. Rising anti-Semitism in Europe accelerated this in the interwar period, and in the aftermath of the Holocaust, many European Jews chose to leave the continent. The United Nations tried facilitating the foundation of separate Jewish and Arab states, yet neither side was willing to concede territory, leading to a civil war and a joint invasion from seven Arab states. Yet the Jews maintained control of their territory and took large parts of the proposed Arab territory, forming the Jewish-majority state of Israel in 1948, and acheiving a ceasefire the following year. Over 750,000 Palestinians were displaced as a result of this conflict, while most Jews from the Arab eventually fled to Israel. Since this time, Israel has become one of the richest and advanced countries in the world, however, Palestine has been under Israeli military occupation since the 1960s and there are large disparities in living standards between the two regions.

As of 2024, the population of Israel reached about *** million permanent residents in total. About *** million were registered as Jews or other non-Arab populations. Furthermore, some *** million Arabs lived in the country.

The two countries with the greatest shares of the world's Jewish population are the United States and Israel. The United States had been a hub of Jewish immigration since the nineteenth century, as Jewish people sought to escape persecution in Europe by emigrating across the Atlantic. The Jewish population in the U.S. is largely congregated in major urban areas, such as New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago, with the New York metropolitan area being the city with the second largest Jewish population worldwide, after Tel Aviv, Israel. Israel is the world's only officially Jewish state, having been founded in 1948 following the first Arab-Israeli War. While Jews had been emigrating to the holy lands since the nineteenth century, when they were controlled by the Ottoman Empire, immigration increased rapidly following the establishment of the state of Israel. Jewish communities in Eastern Europe who had survived the Holocaust saw Israel as a haven from persecution, while the state encouraged immigration from Jewish communities in other regions, notably the Middle East & North Africa. Smaller Jewish communities remain in Europe in countries such as France, the UK, and Germany, and in other countries which were hotspots for Jewish migration in the twentieth century, such as Canada and Argentina.

Israel Population: 2022 Census: excl Foreign Workers: End Period: Jews and Others: ow Jews data was reported at 7,249.800 Person th in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,243.900 Person th for Feb 2025. Israel Population: 2022 Census: excl Foreign Workers: End Period: Jews and Others: ow Jews data is updated monthly, averaging 7,162.900 Person th from Jan 2023 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,249.800 Person th in Mar 2025 and a record low of 7,060.400 Person th in Jan 2023. Israel Population: 2022 Census: excl Foreign Workers: End Period: Jews and Others: ow Jews data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.G001: Population.

Israel Population: 2008 Census: excl Foreign Workers: End Period: Jews and Others data was reported at 7,068.800 Person th in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,055.800 Person th for Sep 2018. Israel Population: 2008 Census: excl Foreign Workers: End Period: Jews and Others data is updated monthly, averaging 6,446.100 Person th from Jan 2009 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 118 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,068.800 Person th in Oct 2018 and a record low of 5,926.300 Person th in Jan 2009. Israel Population: 2008 Census: excl Foreign Workers: End Period: Jews and Others data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.G001: Population. The group 'Jews and others' includes Jews, population not classified by religion and non-Arab Christians.

Population: 2008 Census: excl Foreign Workers: End Period: Jews and Others: ow Jews data was reported at 6,646.100 Person th in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,635.400 Person th for Sep 2018. Population: 2008 Census: excl Foreign Workers: End Period: Jews and Others: ow Jews data is updated monthly, averaging 6,099.800 Person th from Jan 2009 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 118 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,646.100 Person th in Oct 2018 and a record low of 5,616.100 Person th in Jan 2009. Population: 2008 Census: excl Foreign Workers: End Period: Jews and Others: ow Jews data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.G001: Population. The group 'Jews and others' includes Jews, population not classified by religion and non-Arab Christians.

The average for 2013 based on 21 countries was 4.3 percent. The highest value was in Israel: 76.2 percent and the lowest value was in Hungary: 0.2 percent. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2013. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Israel's population is aging steadily, with the median age projected to rise from ** years in 2020 to ** years by 2050. This demographic shift reflects global trends of increasing life expectancy and declining birth rates, though Israel maintained a relatively young population compared to many developed nations. The country's unique religious and cultural makeup contributed to regional variations in age distribution, presenting both opportunities and challenges for policymakers. Which region has the oldest population? As of 2023, over a ******* of Israelis were under the age of 14 years. The largest age group in the country being ************** and below. Interestingly, significant regional differences existed within the country when it came to age distribution and aging. While the median age in the Jerusalem district was below **, Tel Aviv was the oldest region with an average age of over ** years, highlighting significant demographic variations across different areas. How does religion influence demographics? Religious affiliation played a role in Israel's age structure and demographics. Muslims are the youngest religious group with a median age of ** years, while Christians of Arab ethnicity are the oldest, at ** years. Jews, the largest religious-ethnic group, had a median age of almost ** years, but within the Jewish demographic, age and fertility varied greatly between people based on religiosity. These differences play a significant role in the country's population and future growth patterns.

The world's Jewish population has had a complex and tumultuous history over the past millennia, regularly dealing with persecution, pogroms, and even genocide. The legacy of expulsion and persecution of Jews, including bans on land ownership, meant that Jewish communities disproportionately lived in urban areas, working as artisans or traders, and often lived in their own settlements separate to the rest of the urban population. This separation contributed to the impression that events such as pandemics, famines, or economic shocks did not affect Jews as much as other populations, and such factors came to form the basis of the mistrust and stereotypes of wealth (characterized as greed) that have made up anti-Semitic rhetoric for centuries. Development since the Middle Ages The concentration of Jewish populations across the world has shifted across different centuries. In the Middle Ages, the largest Jewish populations were found in Palestine and the wider Levant region, with other sizeable populations in present-day France, Italy, and Spain. Later, however, the Jewish disapora became increasingly concentrated in Eastern Europe after waves of pogroms in the west saw Jewish communities move eastward. Poland in particular was often considered a refuge for Jews from the late-Middle Ages until the 18th century, when it was then partitioned between Austria, Prussia, and Russia, and persecution increased. Push factors such as major pogroms in the Russian Empire in the 19th century and growing oppression in the west during the interwar period then saw many Jews migrate to the United States in search of opportunity.

Addressing vaccine hesitancy requires culturally adaptable tools. This study aimed to provide a better understanding of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Israel’s ultraorthodox Jewish community, where vaccine hesitancy is prevalent. We developed and validated a COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy questionnaire and explored correlates of intention to receive the fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in this population. A mixed-methods study employing an exploratory sequential design was conducted in May-September 2022. Building on qualitative data, a questionnaire was developed and validated in a cross-sectional study when the fourth dose was recommended to all adults. Thematic analysis identified several factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine decision-making, predominantly religious authority alongside health information sources, perceived vaccine safety, effectiveness, and trust in state authorities. In the cross-sectional study, 96/106 (90.6%) participants were vaccinated against COVID-19; 5.2%, 25.0%, 65.6%, and 4.2% received 1, 2, 3, and 4 doses, respectively. Intention to receive the fourth dose (yes/maybe) was reported by 46%. A factor analysis yielded several scales expressing perceptions regarding COVID-19, with Cronbach’s Alpha mostly between 0.689 and 0.887. Correlates of intention to receive the fourth dose were age ≥ 50 years: OR = 12.45 (95% CI 1.42–108.93), male-sex: 4.97 (1.47–16.81), perceiving the vaccine as important/effective and safe: 4.11 (1.29–13.13), utilizing ultraorthodox communication channels: 5.86 (1.58–21.73), and the number of previously received doses: 3.14 (1.31–7.53). Complementary evidence emphasized the role of religious authority and information sources (ultraorthodox communication channels) and balancing perceived vaccine safety and effectiveness and disease risk in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Israel’s ultraorthodox Jewish population.

Analysis unit

Persons, households, and dwellings Age is grouped into categories

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: yes* - Vacant Units: No - Households: yes - Individuals: yes - Group quarters: yes*

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: no - Households: A group of persons living together in the same dwelling who prepare most of their meals together. Generally, this term is identical with members of a family who live in the same dwelling. A person living alone is considered to be a household. - Group quarters: An administrative unit that provides dormitory facilities and usually food services to at least five individuals.

Universe

Permanent residents of Israel, including those who were abroad on the census date but had been absent from Israel no longer than one year continuously. Jewish persons living in Jewish localities in administered territories.

Kind of data

Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen]

Sampling procedure

MICRODATA SOURCE: Central Bureau of Statistics - Israel

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 315608.

SAMPLE DESIGN: Systematic sample of every 5th household after a random start. 1-in-2 sample drawn from that by IPUMS.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The census was conducted in two stages and for each one there a separate enumeration form. In the first stage (A), the entire population was enumerated. The stage A questionnaire was designed to cover all households and every member in the houusehold.

The purpose of this study is to examine the attitudes of Jews and Arabs in Israel concerning the role of the police in counterterrorism. The study focuses on the public perception of the effect of the police’s involvement in counterterrorism on their ability to perform traditional police roles; how the police’s role in fighting terrorism affects the relationship between police and the community; and the willingness of Jews and Arabs in Israel to assist the police by reporting crimes and terrorism threats. These questions are asked against the backdrop of majority-minority relations, in which the ways both the majority Jewish population and the minority Arab population in Israel responds are examined. Data included in this study was gathered from a community survey. The computer software “Dvash” and the database “Bezek,” which includes all residents of Israel who have "land" phone lines were used to conduct the survey. The low response rate (58%) of the community survey limits the extent to which the results can be applied to the entire Israeli population. Variables affecting the data gathered include the respondent’s past experiences with the po lice, their religion or ethnicity, their trust in the capabilities of the police, and their views on the consequences of policing terrorism.

In 2023, the population of Jewish people in Israel was estimated at **** million. This marked an increase of about *** percent compared to the previous year. Over the period observed, the Jewish population in the country experienced a steady growth.

About this dataset

Context

This list ranks the 3 cities in the Walton County, FL by Israeli population, as estimated by the United States Census Bureau. It also highlights population changes in each city over the past five years.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year Estimates, including:

• 2019-2023 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
• 2014-2018 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
• 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates

Variables / Data Columns

• Rank by Israeli Population: This column displays the rank of city in the Walton County, FL by their Israeli population, using the most recent ACS data available.
• City: The City for which the rank is shown in the previous column.
• Israeli Population: The Israeli population of the city is shown in this column.
• % of Total City Population: This shows what percentage of the total city population identifies as Israeli. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.
• % of Total Walton County Israeli Population: This tells us how much of the entire Walton County, FL Israeli population lives in that city. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.
• 5 Year Rank Trend: This column displays the rank trend across the last 5 years.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

The Bene Israel Jewish community from West India is a unique population whose history before the 18th century remains largely unknown. Bene Israel members consider themselves as descendants of Jews, yet the identity of Jewish ancestors and their arrival time to India are unknown, with speculations on arrival time varying between the 8th century BCE and the 6th century CE. Here, we characterize the genetic history of Bene Israel by collecting and genotyping 18 Bene Israel individuals. Combining with 486 individuals from 41 other Jewish, Indian and Pakistani populations, and additional individuals from worldwide populations, we conducted comprehensive genome-wide analyses based on FST, principal component analysis, ADMIXTURE, identity-by-descent sharing, admixture linkage disequilibrium decay, haplotype sharing and allele sharing autocorrelation decay, as well as contrasted patterns between the X chromosome and the autosomes. The genetics of Bene Israel individuals resemble local Indian populations, while at the same time constituting a clearly separated and unique population in India. They are unique among Indian and Pakistani populations we analyzed in sharing considerable genetic ancestry with other Jewish populations. Putting together the results from all analyses point to Bene Israel being an admixed population with both Jewish and Indian ancestry, with the genetic contribution of each of these ancestral populations being substantial. The admixture took place in the last millennium, about 19–33 generations ago. It involved Middle-Eastern Jews and was sex-biased, with more male Jewish and local female contribution. It was followed by a population bottleneck and high endogamy, which can lead to increased prevalence of recessive diseases in this population. This study provides an example of how genetic analysis advances our knowledge of human history in cases where other disciplines lack the relevant data to do so.

Objectives: The long-term impact of COVID-19 on health inequalities is under-researched. We investigated changes in health-related inequalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection between the Jewish majority and the Arab/Druze minority in Israel.Methods: Patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test processed from one of the Northern-Israeli government hospitals between 03/2021 and 05/2022 were invited to participate. We collected socio-demographic, COVID-19-related, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) information using a validated questionnaire. We compared pre- and post COVID-19 HRQoL changes between Jews and Arabs/Druze, up to 12+ months post-infection using an adjusted linear regression model.Results: Among the 881 included participants the average post-COVID HRQoL score was lower among Arabs/Druze than Jews (0.83 vs. 0.88; p = 0.005). Until 12 months post-infection, HRQoL changes were similar for Arabs/Druze and Jews. After 12 months, HRQoL dropped significantly more among Arabs/Druze than among Jews (0.11 points difference between the groups; p = 0.014), despite adjusting for socioeconomic variables.Conclusion: 12 months post-infection, COVID-19 affected the HRQoL of Arabs/Druze more than Jews, with the gap not fully explained by socio-economic differences. The COVID-19 pandemic may widen pre-existing long-term health inequalities.

Abstract (en): This election study was carried out in one panel during July 8-12, 1984, days before the elections for the Knesset. The study investigates attitudes toward the upcoming election, the current state of Israeli affairs, the question of territorial concessions for Judea, Samaria, and the Gaza Strip, and the presence of ethnic discrimination in Israel. Respondents were asked which political party they believed was best suited to address the challenges of the economy, defense, foreign affairs, and the democratic state. Their views were also sought on which political party--Alignment or Likud--was characterized by experienced leaders, represented minorities, represented the Jewish population, would stand firm in peace negotiations, knew how to withdraw from Lebanon while maintaining the Northern border, would reduce the ethnic gap, and would maintain a democratic regime. In addition, respondents were asked which political party they blamed for the problems of violence, emigration from Israel, high inflation, corruption, crime, and the ethnic gap. Background information on respondents includes age, gender, education, religion, voter participation history, ethnicity, political party membership, political orientation, social class, place of birth, father's place of birth, employment status, monthly expenditures, number of rooms in the home, and number of people living in the home. Adult Jewish population in Israel, not including residents of kibbutzim and settlers in the occupied territories. Representative sample of the population of Israel in 1984. The fieldwork was carried out by Dahaf.This collection has not been processed by ICPSR staff. ICPSR is distributing the data and documentation for this collection in essentially the same form in which they were received. When appropriate, documentation has been converted to Portable Document Format (PDF), data files have been converted to non-platform-specific formats, and variables have been recoded to ensure respondents' anonymity.

Jerusalem was the city with the largest population of Ultra-Orthodox Jewish residents in Israel in 2022, reaching ******* people. The community accounted for almost ** percent of the city's total population. The town with the second-highest number of Ultra-Orthodox Jews was Bnei Brak, with ******* residents. Beit Shemesh and Modi'in Illit also made up a sizable portion of the Ultra-Orthodox community in Israel.

The data reported here are from the 2000 Annual Survey of American Jewish Opinion, sponsored by the American Jewish Committee, detailing the views of American Jews about a broad range of subjects. Among the topics covered in the present survey are the Israel-Arab peace process, the attachment of American Jews to Israel, political and social issues in the United States, Jewish perceptions of anti-Semitism, Jewish opinion about various countries, and Jewish identity concerns. Some of the questions appearing in the survey are new; others are drawn from previous American Jewish Committee surveys, including the 1997, 1998, and 1999 Annual Surveys of American Jewish Opinion. The 2000 survey was conducted for the American Jewish Committee by Market Facts, Inc., a leading survey-research organization. Respondents were interviewed by telephone during September 14-28, 2000; no interviewing took place on the Sabbath. The sample consisted of 1,010 self-identified Jewish respondents selected from the Market Facts consumer mail panel. The respondents are demographically representative of the United States adult Jewish population on a variety of measures. (AJC 3/4/2015).

Please Note: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research at https://doi.org/10.25940/ROPER-31094161. We highly recommend using the Roper Center version as they may make this dataset available in multiple data formats in the future.