The Emerging Markets Bond Index (EMBI), commonly known as "riesgo país" in Spanish speaking countries, is a weighted financial benchmark that measures the interest rates paid each day by a selected portfolio of government bonds from emerging countries. It is measured in base points, which reflect the difference between the return rates paid by emerging countries' government bonds and those offered by U.S. Treasury bills. This difference is defined as "spread". Which Latin American country has the highest risk bonds? As of September 19, 2024, Venezuela was the Latin American country with the greatest financial risk and highest expected returns of government bonds, with an EMBI spread of around 254 percent. This means that the annual interest rates paid by Venezuela's sovereign debt titles were estimated to be exponentially higher than those offered by the U.S. Treasury. On the other hand, Brazil's EMBI reached 207 index points at the end of August 2023. In 2023, Venezuela also had the highest average EMBI in Latin America, exceeding 40,000 base points. The impact of COVID-19 on emerging market bonds The economic crisis spawned by the coronavirus pandemic heavily affected the financial market's estimated risks of emerging governmental bonds. For instance, as of June 30, 2020, Argentina's EMBI spread had increased more than four percentage points in comparison to January 30, 2020. All the Latin American economies measured saw a significant increase of the EMBI spread in the first half of the year.

The yield on Italy 10Y Bond Yield rose to 3.49% on July 23, 2025, marking a 0.02 percentage point increase from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.01 points and is 0.31 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Italy 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

India Capital Market size was valued at USD 3.58 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 5.96 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 6.6% from 2026 to 2032.

India Capital Market Drivers

Economic Growth: India's expanding economy, with its increasing GDP, drives investment and participation in the capital market. Strong corporate earnings and positive economic outlooks boost investor confidence. Increasing Retail Investor Participation: The rise of online trading platforms and increased financial literacy are bringing more individual investors into the market. The growth of demat accounts and mutual fund participation is a significant driver. Government Policies and Reforms: Government initiatives aimed at promoting investment, such as infrastructure development and privatization, stimulate market activity. Regulatory reforms by SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) enhance market transparency and efficiency. Foreign Institutional Investor (FII) Flows: India's growing economic importance attracts foreign investment, which significantly impacts market liquidity. Inclusion in global bond indices, such as the JP Morgan Global Bond Index, increases foreign investment.

The leading ESG fund in Europe in the third quarter of 2024 was BlackRock World ESG Insights Equity Fund, with net inflows of around **** billion U.S. dollars. The following two ESG funds with the ******* inflows were JPMorgan US Research Enhanced Index Equity (ESG) ETF and, BlackRock Global Credit ESG Insights Bond Fund, amounting to *** and **** billion U.S. dollars, respectively.