In 2015, the population of Kolkata amounted to more than ** million inhabitants, showing an increase of approximately *** million inhabitants compared to the year 2000. The population density across the country stood at around *** thousand people per square kilometer in 2015.

Delhi was the largest city in terms of number of inhabitants in India in 2023.The capital city was estimated to house nearly 33 million people, with Mumbai ranking second that year. India's population estimate was 1.4 billion, ahead of China that same year.