Graph and download economic data for OECD based Recession Indicators for Korea from the Period following the Peak through the Trough (DISCONTINUED) (KORRECD) from 1960-02-01 to 2022-09-30 about peak, trough, recession indicators, and Korea.

In 2025, the export value of computers and peripheral devices from South Korea is forecasted to be roughly 16.07 billion U.S. dollars. This has fluctuated throughout the survey period.

According to a survey conducted in 2023 among National Assembly members in South Korea about climate change awareness, around ** percent of respondents believed that the climate crisis is also an economic crisis because of changes in the international trade environment. The same amount of respondents also thought the same because of market instability caused by other consequences of the climate crisis.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in South Korea expanded 1.30 percent in the third quarter of 2025 over the previous quarter. This dataset provides - South Korea GDP Growth Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

As of November 2024, South Korea's financial stability index (FSI) was at **** points. Although the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused an initial economic downturn in 2020, South Korea’s financial system has remained stable and resilient during this time.

In 2023, South Korea's nominal gross domestic product (GDP) reached approximately ***** trillion South Korean won, while North Korea's amounted to about **** trillion South Korean won. Consequently, South Korea's nominal GDP was approximately ** times larger than that of North Korea during that year. Moreover, North Korea's GDP growth has been notably slower than that of South Korea.North Korea's economic development North Korea's economy is centered around its capital city and military, with particular emphasis on the expansion of its nuclear capabilities in recent decades. Roughly ** percent of foreign trade has been with China in the past decade, from which it imports mainly intermediate goods and raw materials. Food shortages, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, are a recurring issue for North Korea, as poor harvests, international sanctions, and a downturn in inter-Korean trade have created sourcing problems. The full extent of this issue remains unknown, but it is estimated that almost **** the population is undernourished. Kaesong Industrial ComplexThe Kaesong Industrial Complex project began in 2000 and was a crucial part of South Korea's efforts to improve relations with North Korea. It aimed to foster cooperation between the two Koreas and promote stability in the region. The industrial park, located in Kaesong, North Korea, was intended to provide a platform for small and medium-sized South Korean companies. South Korea would provide the necessary capital and infrastructure, while North Korean workers would be tasked with manufacturing products, aiming to stimulate economic growth on both sides of the border. Unfortunately, the complex was affected by tensions between the two Koreas and shut down in 2016. It has not been reopened since.

The statistic shows the unemployment rate in South Korea from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. In 2028, the unemployment rate in South Korea was at around 2.8 percent. See the figures for the population of South Korea for comparison. Economy of South Korea South Korea is one of the world’s richest countries as well as a member of the G20, an organization made up of the 20 strongest economies in the world. Due to excessive growth from the 1960s to the 1990s, South Korea established itself as a developed country in the world with a strong economy and high wages. Continued economic growth is attributed to a robust export-oriented economy, which was deemed necessary for the country particularly due to a scarcity in natural resources as well as overpopulation in comparison to available living space. During the global financial crisis, South Korea surprised many economists by maintaining a stable economy and even experiencing economic growth, most notably during the peak of the crisis. Through stimulus packages as well as a high level of consumption, South Korea’s strong export-oriented economy was not affected as negatively as many other developed countries. South Korea’s economy primarily revolves around the production and export of technological goods. Some primary exports of the country include electronics, ships and automobiles. South Korea also has some of the largest shipbuilding companies worldwide, which are highly profitable but also have accumulated a rather large sum of debt over the course of several years.

According to a survey conducted in South Korea in December 2024, about ** percent of respondents believed that President Yoon Suk Yeol and the ruling and opposition parties are responsible for the current political and economic crisis. Around ** percent of respondents believed that President Yoon should be held solely accountable for the current situation.

In 2024, the population of South Korea was estimated to be about ***** million. The population of North Korea was approximately ***** million, which is roughly half the population of South Korea. Economic comparison between South and North Korea Following the Korean War (1950-1953), South Korea and North Korea pursued vastly different trajectories, both politically and economically. South Korea embraced capitalism and free market principles, which fueled its rapid economic growth and transformed it into one of the world's leading economies. In contrast, North Korea adopted a state-controlled, centrally planned economy, leading to isolation and economic stagnation. While South Korea's gross domestic product (GDP) reached around ***** trillion South Korean won in 2023, only about ** trillion won was recorded for North Korea. Food crisis in North Korea North Korea has faced food insecurity for a long time, and this has been exacerbated in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was estimated that the country had a food shortage of around ******* metric tons in 2023. Although the North Korean government maintains a centrally planned economic system, food distribution has long been a problem, as an increasing number of North Korean defectors have reported that they have never received food from North Korean authorities.

The South Korea anxiety disorder and depression market was valued at USD 142.10 Million in 2024 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.20%, reaching USD 214.42 Million by 2034. The market is experiencing growth due to increasing prevalence of mental health disorders and rising adoption of antidepressant therapies.

The data and programs replicate tables and figures from "The Plant-Level View of Korea’s Growth Miracle and Slowdown" by Munseob Lee and Yongseok Shin. Please see the ReadMe file for additional details.

The pervasive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea on the daily lives of Korean citizens, as well as the nation’s economic and industrial landscape, cannot be understated. In this article, we explore the ramifications of energy price fluctuations, changes in energy efficiency, and shifts in monetary policy on the dynamic macroeconomic framework of the Korean economy during this unprecedented global crisis. Utilizing Bayesian estimation and impulse response functions, the study’s findings reveal that a surge in energy prices triggered a cascade of detrimental effects, including reductions in output, investment, employment, energy consumption, real wages, investments, real monetary holdings, and loan interest rates, while simultaneously elevating the deposit interest rate. Conversely, a positive shock to energy utilization efficiency engendered multiple favorable outcomes, such as greater output, consumption, employment, energy consumption, real wages, investment, and real money holdings, along with declines in deposit and loan interest rates. In the short term, a monetary policy shock precipitated an upswing in output, consumption, employment, energy consumption, investment, real money holdings, deposit interest rates, and loan interest rates, while exerting downward pressure on real wages. In sum, integration of these findings into the existing literature on the subject in the Korean context may significantly increase the depth and comprehensiveness of the discourse, improving our understanding of the multiple impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the nation’s economy.

In 1800, it is estimated that approximately 4.35 million people lived in the region of present-day North Korea. This figure would remain stagnant through much of the 19th century, increasing by just one million people over the next 110 years. The dissolution of the Joseon dynasty in the Korean peninsula in the late-1800s marked the end of centuries of Korean isolationism, and the new Korean Empire then opened itself to foreign trade and influence. By the start of the 20th century, the region of North Korea had a population of just over five million. This growth would increase dramatically following the annexation of the Korean peninsula by Japan in 1910, as extensive industrialization and modernization efforts would result in the population of North Korea doubling from just over five million at the turn of the century, to over ten and a half million by the start of the Korean War in 1950. The Korean War Following Japan's defeat in the Second World War, the Korean Peninsula was split along the 38th parallel, with a Soviet-backed totalitarian government established in the north, and a U.S.-backed authoritarian government in the south. Neither government recognized the legitimacy of the other, and an escalation of tensions saw the North invade the South in June 1950. By 1953, the North's population dropped below ten million. It is estimated that there were approximately three million total fatalities in the war, with North Korea having the largest share of fatalities of all forces involved; however, the North's isolationist and secretive policies have made it difficult to calculate the full impact of the war on the North's population. Most modern estimates suggest that more than 1.5 million North Koreans died or went missing over these three years. Following the establishment of an armistice between North and South Korea in 1953, the population of the newly-formed Democratic People's Republic of North Korea would begin to rise sharply, from 10 million at the time of armistice to almost 15 million in 1970, just twenty years later. North Korea today North Korea's population has increased in each year since the war's end, however, the rate of growth decreased in the late 1970s, as a severe economic crisis and a resulting lack of foreign technology would lead to a scaling back of many of social welfare programs for the country’s citizens. Growth would slow even further following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, as the loss of Soviet foreign aid would send the North Korean economy into a sharp decline. In the 1990s, a series of flooding, droughts, famine and economic mismanagement led to the deaths of between 500,000 to 600,000* North Koreans. Recent years have seen an improvement in political relations between both the North and South, and even sporadic improvements with the U.S., which could lead to a less-isolated North Korea in the future; however, the continued testing of nuclear weapons and allegations of widespread human rights violations have drawn widespread criticism from the international community. In 2020, it is estimated that approximately 25.8 million people reside in North Korea.

The South Korea travel retail market, valued at $12.6 billion in 2025, exhibits robust growth potential, projected to expand at a CAGR exceeding 5% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key drivers. Firstly, the resurgence of international tourism post-pandemic significantly impacts the market's recovery and future growth. Secondly, the increasing disposable incomes of South Korean consumers and a growing preference for luxury goods are boosting spending within travel retail channels. Furthermore, innovative marketing strategies employed by major players, coupled with the strategic expansion of airport retail spaces and improved product offerings, contribute to the market's upward trajectory. The market is segmented by product type (beauty and personal care leading the way, followed by wines and spirits, tobacco, eatables, fashion accessories, and hard luxury goods) and distribution channel (airports dominating, with airlines and ferries holding significant but smaller shares). Competition among major players like Lotte Duty Free, The Shilla Duty Free, and Dufry is fierce, driving innovation and competitive pricing. Potential restraints include economic downturns, shifts in consumer preferences, and evolving government regulations concerning alcohol and tobacco sales. The forecast for the South Korea travel retail market indicates continued growth, driven by the ongoing recovery in international travel and the country's position as a key hub for Asian tourism. However, operators must navigate potential challenges like fluctuating exchange rates, global economic uncertainty, and the increasing demand for sustainable and ethically sourced products. Strategic partnerships, personalized customer experiences, and a strong digital presence will be crucial for success. Growth in specific segments like beauty and personal care, driven by the popularity of K-beauty products, will likely outpace other categories. Meanwhile, the expansion of duty-free offerings beyond traditional airports to other travel hubs such as high-speed rail stations and cruise terminals presents promising new avenues for market expansion. Effective supply chain management and targeted marketing campaigns focused on key demographics will be vital for capitalizing on emerging opportunities. Recent developments include: July 2022: Dufry AG, the world’s largest duty-free operator, acquired Autogrill SpA, the motorway and airport catering company, from the Benetton Family., April 2022: South Korea Lotte Duty Free has partnered with Korean Seven, the operator of the 7-Eleven convenience store chain, to expand local market sales of so-called domestic customs-cleared duty-free goods.. Key drivers for this market are: Beauty Products, Jewellery, Fashion and Accessories are Faster Developing Segments in the Market. Potential restraints include: Beauty Products, Jewellery, Fashion and Accessories are Faster Developing Segments in the Market. Notable trends are: Growing Disposable Income is Driving the Market.

Although the risk for depression appears to be related to daily dietary habits, how the proportion of major macronutrients affects the occurrence of depression remains largely unknown. This study aims to estimate the association between macronutrients (i.e., carbohydrate, protein, fat) and depression through national survey datasets from the United States and South Korea. Association between the prevalence of depression and each macronutrient was measured from 60,935 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and 15,700 participants from the South Korea NHANES (K-NHANES) databases. When the proportion of calories intake by protein increased by 10%, the prevalence of depression was significantly reduced both in the United States [Odds Ratio, OR (95% CI), 0.621 (0.530–0.728)] and South Korea [0.703 (0.397–0.994)]. An association between carbohydrate intake and the prevalence of depression was seen in the United States [1.194 (1.116–1.277)], but not in South Korea. Fat intake was not significantly associated with depression in either country. Subsequent analysis showed that the low protein intake groups had significantly higher risk for depression than the normal protein intake groups in both the United States [1.648 (1.179–2.304)] and South Korea [3.169 (1.598–6.286)]. In the daily diet of macronutrients, the proportion of protein intake is significantly associated with the prevalence of depression. These associations were more prominent in adults with insufficient protein intake, and the pattern of association between macronutrients and depression in Asian American and South Korean populations were similar. Our findings suggest that the proportion of macronutrients intake in everyday life may be related to the occurrence of depression.

In 2025, the total population of South Korea is projected to be around ***** million. In thirty years, the number of people aged 15 to 64 is estimated to decrease by one-third, while the number of older adults is anticipated to more than double. Additionally, the overall population is expected to decline by around *** million people by that time. Declining birth rate Several factors are contributing to the expected demographic changes in South Korea. Firstly, the birth rate has been declining for years. As of 2024, South Korea had the lowest fertility rate in the world. This trend continues despite the efforts of successive governments to encourage young people to have children. An increasing number of South Korean women are prioritizing their careers, often choosing to focus on work rather than starting a family at a young age. While the employment rate for South Korean women is still lower than that of men, it has steadily risen over the past decade. Increase in life expectancy Secondly, life expectancy in South Korea has steadily increased due to improved living standards and healthcare. The average life expectancy at birth for South Koreans has risen from less than 75 years to almost 83 years over the past twenty years. As a result, the proportion of people aged 65 and older has grown from less than ** percent to around ** percent in the last decade.

Depression among university students and international university students is an increasing problem globally. This study aimed to clarify the differences on the conditions and determinants of the knowledge, preventive practices and depression of the Chinese international students and local Korean students in South Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online cross-sectional questionnaire including general demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related knowledge, preventive practice, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was applied from March 23 to April 22, 2020. A total of 533 university students (171 Chinese international students and 362 local South Korean students) were included in the study. The majority of both Chinese international students and local South Korean students had a good comprehension of COVID-19. Chinese international students in South Korea showed better preventive practice than local Korean students, while the proportion of moderate to severe depression of Chinese international students was relatively higher (28.07%) than that of local Korean students (22.38%). Determinants of depression of Chinese international students in South Korea were information satisfaction, likelihood of survival after infection, symptoms of a cough and feelings of discrimination, while for local Korean students were gender, educational level, family, suspected symptoms, self-assessed physical health status, COVID-19 detection, population contact history and online sources of information. These results could be used as a reference for decreasing the depressive symptoms among the university students.

Retail Sales in South Korea increased 3.50 percent in October of 2025 over the previous month. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - South Korea Retail Sales MoM - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) is one of the most widely used depression assessment tools in Korea. However, the psychometric properties and diagnostic cut-off point of the official Korean version of the BDI-II have not yet been reported. This study aims to clarify the psychometric properties and diagnostic utility of the Korean BDI-II. A total of 1,145 clinical and non-clinical Korean adults participated in this study. The BDI-II showed a high level of internal consistency and high correlations with other depression-related measures. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed, and a 3-factor model showed the best model fit. To identify the diagnostic utility of the BDI-II, the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2nd Edition (QUADAS-2) methodology was applied in participant recruitment and research design. Results of ROC curve analysis suggested two optimal cut-off scores, 23 points for detecting major depressive disorder (MDD) (83.3% sensitivity, 86.8% specificity) and 17 points for depressive-related disorder (80.9% sensitivity, 76.4% specificity). To identify the usefulness of the BDI-II as a severity assessment tool or screening tool, a test information curve (TIC) was generated with an Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis. The TIC was flat and plateau-like, indicating its appropriateness as a severity rating tool. Research data supports the BDI-II as a reliable and valid screening tool as well as a severity rating tool in the Korean adult population.

After six years of decline, the South Korean methacrylic acid market increased by 273% to $15M in 2024. In general, consumption, however, continues to indicate a abrupt downturn. Over the period under review, the market hit record highs at $77M in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2024, consumption stood at a somewhat lower figure.