This dataset provides provides comprehensive demographic and development information for the Local Government Areas (LGAs) within Lagos State, Nigeria for the year 2024. The data covers the estimated population density, health facilities, median age, and growth rate for each LGA. This data has been compiled using publicly available statistics from the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Lagos State Government reports, and other relevant governmental sources. The inspiration for creating this dataset comes from the need to better understand and manage the rapid growth of Lagos State , one of Africa's largest metropolitan areas. The dataset aims to provide a foundation for data-driven decision-making that can support sustainable growth, improve service delivery, and enhance the overall quality of life in Lagos State's local government areas.

Cairo, in Egypt, ranked as the most populated city in Africa as of 2025, with an estimated population of over 23 million inhabitants living in Greater Cairo. Kinshasa, in Congo, and Lagos, in Nigeria, followed with some 17.8 million and 17.2 million, respectively. Among the 15 largest cities in the continent, another one, Kano, was located in Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa. Population density trends in Africa As of 2023, Africa exhibited a population density of 50.1 individuals per square kilometer. Since 2000, the population density across the continent has been experiencing a consistent annual increment. Projections indicated that the average population residing within each square kilometer would rise to approximately 58.5 by the year 2030. Moreover, Mauritius stood out as the African nation with the most elevated population density, exceeding 627 individuals per square kilometre. Mauritius possesses one of the most compact territories on the continent, a factor that significantly influences its high population density. Urbanization dynamics in Africa The urbanization rate in Africa was anticipated to reach close to 45.5 percent in 2024. Urbanization across the continent has consistently risen since 2000, with urban areas accommodating only around a third of the total population then. This trajectory is projected to continue its rise in the years ahead. Nevertheless, the distribution between rural and urban populations shows remarkable diversity throughout the continent. In 2024, Gabon and Libya stood out as Africa’s most urbanized nations, each surpassing 80 percent urbanization. As of the same year, Africa's population was estimated to expand by 2.27 percent compared to the preceding year. Since 2000, the population growth rate across the continent has consistently exceeded 2.3 percent, reaching its pinnacle at 2.63 percent in 2013. Although the growth rate has experienced a deceleration, Africa's population will persistently grow significantly in the forthcoming years.

As of July 2024, Nigeria's population was estimated at around 229.5 million. Between 1965 and 2024, the number of people living in Nigeria increased at an average rate of over two percent. In 2024, the population grew by 2.42 percent compared to the previous year. Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa. By extension, the African continent records the highest growth rate in the world. Africa's most populous country Nigeria was the most populous country in Africa as of 2023. As of 2022, Lagos held the distinction of being Nigeria's biggest urban center, a status it also retained as the largest city across all of sub-Saharan Africa. The city boasted an excess of 17.5 million residents. Notably, Lagos assumed the pivotal roles of the nation's primary financial hub, cultural epicenter, and educational nucleus. Furthermore, Lagos was one of the largest urban agglomerations in the world. Nigeria's youthful population In Nigeria, a significant 50 percent of the populace is under the age of 19. The most prominent age bracket is constituted by those up to four years old: comprising 8.3 percent of men and eight percent of women as of 2021. Nigeria boasts one of the world's most youthful populations. On a broader scale, both within Africa and internationally, Niger maintains the lowest median age record. Nigeria secures the 20th position in global rankings. Furthermore, the life expectancy in Nigeria is an average of 62 years old. However, this is different between men and women. The main causes of death have been neonatal disorders, malaria, and diarrheal diseases.

All 16 LGAs were chosen and two wards from each LGA were randomly sampled, resulting in a total of 32 wards. Street trees were defined as "trees located in or near roads or streets" (Thomsen et al. 2016) for the purpose of this research. The road network dataset for Nigeria, which includes main roads, was obtained from the OpenStreetMap data and prepared by the World Food Programme (WFP) following the United Nations Spatial Data Infrastructure standards. This dataset was used to count and identify all trees on both sides of every street in the selected wards. The size, or basal diameter, of trees on the left side of the street was subsequently measured. The location of each tree was recorded using a handheld Garmin GPS 64x device. Furthermore, the usability ratings (edible, medicinal, and other uses) of the surveyed species were recorded based on the information provided by the “Useful Tropical Plants Database” (https://tropical.theferns.info/). The edible and medicinal usability rating...

Surgo Ventures' Africa CCVI ranks 756 regions across 48 African countries on their vulnerability—or their ability to mitigate, treat, and delay transmission of the coronavirus. Vulnerability is assessed based on many factors grouped into seven themes: socioeconomic status, population density, access to transportation and housing; epidemiological factors; health system factors; fragility; and age. The index reflects risk factors for COVID-19, both in terms of clinical outcomes and socioeconomic impact.

The Africa CCVI is the only index to measure vulnerability to COVID-19 within most countries in Africa at this level of detail. The index is modular to reflect the reality that vulnerability is a multi-dimensional construct, and two regions could be vulnerable for very different reasons. This allows stakeholders to customize pandemic responses informed by vulnerability on each dimension. For example, policymakers can identify areas for scaling up COVID-19 testing that are more vulnerable on theme two - population density - or direct community health workers or mobile health units to areas that are vulnerable due to weak health systems infrastructure. The modularity of the Africa CCVI can help governments design lean and precise responses for subnational regions during each phase of the pandemic.

Data files:

Africa_CCVI_subnational_zenodo.csv: Africa CCVI and seven themes' scores for 756 administrative level-1 regions across 48 countries

Africa_CCVI_country_zenodo.csv: Africa CCVI and seven themes scores across 36 countries (12 countries excluded as country-specific data sources were used for them)

DHS_raw_indicators_Zenodo.csv: this CSV contains indicator data for 36 countries, data was primarily sourced from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in addition to other sources (listed in accvi-data-sources.xlsx)

non_DHS_raw_indicators_Zenodo.csv: 12 countries that did not have a recent DHS, so we used country-specific surveys, MICS UNICEF, and other sources (listed in accvi-data-sources.xlsx)

accvi-data-sources.xlsx: data sources used for ACCVI indicators

zenodo_data_dictionary.csv: names and definitions of variables used in data files