The 2005 Kansas Land Cover Patterns (KLCP) Mapping Initiative was a two-phase mapping endeavor that occurred over a three-year period (2007-2009). Note that while the processing occurred during the 2207-2009 period, all satellite data used in the project was acquired in 2005. Concurrent with mapping the state of Kansas, the Kansas River Watershed was also mapped. The Kansas River Watershed extends into southern Nebraska and includes a portion of eastern Colorado. During Phase I a Modified Level I map was produced. In Phase II a series of maps, Modified Level II through IV, were produced. All KLCP 2005 map products were produced at four spatial extents: the state of Kansas plus a 300 meter buffer, a DEM-derived watershed boundary of the Kansas River, the Kansas River watershed boundary plus a 1,000 meter buffer, and a combined dataset of the state of Kansas plus 300 meter buffer and the watershed plus 1,000 meter buffer.These extents are annotated in the file names with the extentions k, w, wb, and kwb respectively.

The goal of Phase II was to map subclasses for grassland and cropland, classes which were mapped during Phase I. For the Level II map, cool- and warm-season grasslands were mapped along with Spring Crop, Summer Crop, Alfalfa, Fallow, and Double-Crop classes. For the Level III map, the Summer Crop subclasses Corn, Soybean, and Sorghum were mapped, and the Spring Crop class was reassigned to Winter Wheat. In the Level IV map, irrigation status was mapped and added to the Level III crop type map.The Kansas Land Cover Patterns Level IV map contains twenty-four land use/land cover classes and has a positional accuracy and spatial resolution appropriate for producing 1:50,000 scale maps. The minimum map unit (MMU) varies by land cover class and ranges from 0.22 to 5.12 acres.

In general, the mapping methodology used a hybrid, hierarchical classification of multi-temporal, multi-resolution imagery to develop modified Anderson Level II through Anderson Level IV land cover maps of the Kansas River Watershed and the State of Kansas. More specifically, multi-seasonal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery from the 2004 and 2005 growing season was used to map the grassland subclasses (cool- and warm-season grasslands). while MODIS NDVI time-series imagery from the 2005 growing season was used to map cropland subclasses.

The land use/land cover classes in the Level IV map are coded hierarchically to allow aggregation of land use and land cover classes as needed by the end-user. For example, a user can aggregate the Level IV map classes to a Level III classification by ignoring or eliminating the last digit of each land use/land cover class. Likewise, a Level II and Level I map can be created from the Level IV map by eliminating the last two and three digits, respectively, from each Level IV land use/land cover class.

A formal accuracy assessment found the Level II, Level III, and Level IV maps to have overall accuracy levels of 86.3%, 82.0%, and 74.3%, respectively. User and Producer (per-class errors of commission and omission) accuracies vary by land cover class and users are encouraged to reference the reported accuracy levels in the final report and/or metadata when using the Kansas Land Cover Patterns map series. Digital versions of the map, metadata, and accuracy assessment can be accessed from the Data Access Support Center (http://www.kansasgis.org/) or the Kansas Applied Remote Sensing Program (http://www.kars.ku.edu/).

This database was developed as part of the Core Database for the State of Kansas. It is suited for county-level and watershed-level analysis that involve land use and land cover.

[Summary provided by the Kansas Applied Remote Sensing, KARS, at the Kansas Biological Survey.]

Land cover describes the surface of the earth. This time-enabled service of the National Land Cover Database groups land cover into 20 classes based on a modified Anderson Level II classification system. Classes include vegetation type, development density, and agricultural use. Areas of water, ice and snow and barren lands are also identified.The National Land Cover Database products are created through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium (MRLC). The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of federal agencies, consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the U.S. Forest Service, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service.Time Extent: 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2016, 2019, and 2021 for the conterminous United States. The layer displays land cover for Alaska for the years 2001, 2011, and 2016. For Puerto Rico there is only data for 2001. For Hawaii, Esri reclassed land cover data from NOAA Office for Coastal Management, C-CAP into NLCD codes. These reclassed C-CAP data were available for Hawaii for the years 2001, 2005, and 2011. Hawaii C-CAP land cover in its original form can be used in your maps by adding the Hawaii CCAP Land Cover layer directly from the Living Atlas.Units: (Thematic dataset)Cell Size: 30m Source Type: Thematic Pixel Type: Unsigned 8 bitData Projection: North America Albers Equal Area Conic (102008)Mosaic Projection: North America Albers Equal Area Conic (102008)Extent: 50 US States, District of Columbia, Puerto RicoSource: National Land Cover DatabasePublication date: June 30, 2023Time SeriesThis layer is served as a time series. To display a particular year of land cover data, select the year of interest with the time slider in your map client. You may also use the time slider to play the service as an animation. We recommend a one year time interval when displaying the series. If you would like a particular year of data to use in analysis, be sure to use the analysis renderer along with the time slider to choose a valid year.North America Albers ProjectionThis layer is served in North America Albers projection. Albers is an equal area projection, and this allows users of this service to accurately calculate acreage without additional data preparation steps. This also means it takes a tiny bit longer to project on the fly into Web Mercator projection, if that is the destination projection of the service.Processing TemplatesCartographic Renderer - The default. Land cover drawn with Esri symbols. Each year's land cover data is displayed in the time series until there is a newer year of data available.Cartographic Renderer (saturated) - This renderer has the same symbols as the cartographic renderer, but the colors are extra saturated so a transparency may be applied to the layer. This renderer is useful for land cover over a basemap or relief. MRLC Cartographic Renderer - Cartographic renderer using the land cover symbols as issued by NLCD (the same symbols as is on the dataset when you download them from MRLC).Analytic Renderer - Use this in analysis. The time series is restricted by the analytic template to display a raster in only the year the land cover raster is valid. In a cartographic renderer, land cover data is displayed until a new year of data is available so that it plays well in a time series. In the analytic renderer, data is displayed for only the year it is valid. The analytic renderer won't look good in a time series animation, but in analysis this renderer will make sure you only use data for its appropriate year.Simplified Renderer - NLCD reclassified into 10 broad classes. These broad classes may be easier to use in some applications or maps.Forest Renderer - Cartographic renderer which only displays the three forest classes, deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forest.Developed Renderer - Cartographic renderer which only displays the four developed classes, developed open space plus low, medium, and high intensity development classes.Hawaii data has a different sourceMRLC redirects users interested in land cover data for Hawaii to a NOAA product called C-CAP or Coastal Change Analysis Program Regional Land Cover. This C-CAP land cover data was available for Hawaii for the years 2001, 2005, and 2011 at the time of the latest update of this layer. The USA NLCD Land Cover layer reclasses C-CAP land cover codes into NLCD land cover codes for display and analysis, although it may be beneficial for analytical purposes to use the original C-CAP data, which has finer resolution and untranslated land cover codes. The C-CAP land cover data for Hawaii is served as its own 2.4m resolution land cover layer in the Living Atlas.Because it's a different original data source than the rest of NLCD, different years for Hawaii may not be able to be compared in the same way different years for the other states can. But the same method was used to produce each year of this C-CAP derived land cover to make this layer. Note: Because there was no C-CAP data for Kaho'olawe Island in 2011, 2005 data were used for that island.The land cover is projected into the same projection and cellsize as the rest of the layer, using nearest neighbor method, then it is reclassed to approximate the NLCD codes. The following is the reclass table used to make Hawaii C-CAP data closely match the NLCD classification scheme:C-CAP code,NLCD code0,01,02,243,234,225,216,827,818,719,4110,4211,4312,5213,9014,9015,9516,9017,9018,9519,3120,3121,1122,1123,1124,025,12USA NLCD Land Cover service classes with corresponding index number (raster value):11. Open Water - areas of open water, generally with less than 25% cover of vegetation or soil.12. Perennial Ice/Snow - areas characterized by a perennial cover of ice and/or snow, generally greater than 25% of total cover.21. Developed, Open Space - areas with a mixture of some constructed materials, but mostly vegetation in the form of lawn grasses. Impervious surfaces account for less than 20% of total cover. These areas most commonly include large-lot single-family housing units, parks, golf courses, and vegetation planted in developed settings for recreation, erosion control, or aesthetic purposes.22. Developed, Low Intensity - areas with a mixture of constructed materials and vegetation. Impervious surfaces account for 20% to 49% percent of total cover. These areas most commonly include single-family housing units.23. Developed, Medium Intensity - areas with a mixture of constructed materials and vegetation. Impervious surfaces account for 50% to 79% of the total cover. These areas most commonly include single-family housing units.24. Developed High Intensity - highly developed areas where people reside or work in high numbers. Examples include apartment complexes, row houses and commercial/industrial. Impervious surfaces account for 80% to 100% of the total cover.31. Barren Land (Rock/Sand/Clay) - areas of bedrock, desert pavement, scarps, talus, slides, volcanic material, glacial debris, sand dunes, strip mines, gravel pits and other accumulations of earthen material. Generally, vegetation accounts for less than 15% of total cover.41. Deciduous Forest - areas dominated by trees generally greater than 5 meters tall, and greater than 20% of total vegetation cover. More than 75% of the tree species shed foliage simultaneously in response to seasonal change.42. Evergreen Forest - areas dominated by trees generally greater than 5 meters tall, and greater than 20% of total vegetation cover. More than 75% of the tree species maintain their leaves all year. Canopy is never without green foliage.43. Mixed Forest - areas dominated by trees generally greater than 5 meters tall, and greater than 20% of total vegetation cover. Neither deciduous nor evergreen species are greater than 75% of total tree cover. 51. Dwarf Scrub - Alaska only areas dominated by shrubs less than 20 centimeters tall with shrub canopy typically greater than 20% of total vegetation. This type is often co-associated with grasses, sedges, herbs, and non-vascular vegetation.52. Shrub/Scrub - areas dominated by shrubs; less than 5 meters tall with shrub canopy typically greater than 20% of total vegetation. This class includes true shrubs, young trees in an early successional stage or trees stunted from environmental conditions.71. Grassland/Herbaceous - areas dominated by gramanoid or herbaceous vegetation, generally greater than 80% of total vegetation. These areas are not subject to intensive management such as tilling, but can be utilized for grazing.72. Sedge/Herbaceous - Alaska only areas dominated by sedges and forbs, generally greater than 80% of total vegetation. This type can occur with significant other grasses or other grass like plants, and includes sedge tundra, and sedge tussock tundra.73. Lichens - Alaska only areas dominated by fruticose or foliose lichens generally greater than 80% of total vegetation.74. Moss - Alaska only areas dominated by mosses, generally greater than 80% of total vegetation.Planted/Cultivated 81. Pasture/Hay - areas of grasses, legumes, or grass-legume mixtures planted for livestock grazing or the production of seed or hay crops, typically on a perennial cycle. Pasture/hay vegetation accounts for greater than 20% of total vegetation.82. Cultivated Crops - areas used for the production of annual crops, such as corn, soybeans, vegetables, tobacco, and cotton, and also perennial woody crops such as orchards and vineyards. Crop vegetation accounts for greater than 20% of total vegetation. This class also includes all land being actively tilled.90. Woody Wetlands - areas where forest or shrubland vegetation accounts for greater than 20% of vegetative cover and the soil or

Date of Images:9/29/2022, 10/2/2022, 10/3/2022, 10/4/2022Date of Next Image:N/ASummary:RADARSAT-2 and MSFC Sentinel-1:Scientists at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center created these water extents on September 29, 2022 using the RADARSAT-2 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument. These images can be used to see where open water is visible at the time of the satellite overpass. This product shows all water detected and differentiates between normal water areas and some flooded areas. This product was classified using the USDA Crop Data Layer for 2021. It's important to note that all flooded areas may not be captured do to the sensors limitations of not being able to "see" through vegetation and buildings. To determine where additional flooding may have occurred, combine this layer with other data sets.ARIA Flood Proxy Map:This Flood Proxy Map (FPM) depicts areas that are likely flooded in Florida due to Hurricane Ian. This map was derived from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired by the Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) before (9/30/2021) and after (10/2/2022) the event.Dartmouth Flood Observatory at the University of Colorado and NASA GSFC PlanetScope, Sentinel-1, and MODIS:Potentially flooded area created using PlanetScope imagery from October 2, 2022, October 3, 2022, and October 4, 2022 using a beta PlanetScope Flood Mapping system created in partnership between NASA GSFC and Dartmouth Flood Observatory at the University of Colorado.Potentially flooded area created using Sentinel-1 SAR data from October 2, 2022. The product is processed by the Dartmouth Flood Observatory at the University of Colorado, from Copernicus/European Space Agency Sentinel 1 SAR data. The NASA Earth Sciences Program provided funding to the University for Colorado for this work.Potentially flooded area created using MODIS data from September 30, 2022, October 2, 2022, and October 3, 2022. The product is processed by the Dartmouth Flood Observatory at the University of Colorado, MODIS instrument on the Terra and Aqua satellites. The NASA Earth Sciences Program provided funding to the University for Colorado for this work.Suggested Use:RADARSAT-2 and MSFC Sentinel-1:This product shows water that is detected by the sensor with different colors indicating different land cover/land use classifications from the USDA Crop Data Layer for 2021 that appear to have water and are potentially flooded.Blue (1): Known WaterRed (2): Anomalous WaterGreen (3): Flooded WetlandsBrown (4): Flooded CroplandsPurple (5): Potentially Flooded Developed Areas (Low Confidence)(0): No DataARIA Flood Proxy Map:Dark red pixels indicate areas that are likely flooded.This flood proxy map should be used as a guide to identify areas that are likely flooded, and is less reliable over urban and vegetated areas.Caveats: the majority of developed areas were filtered out due the capabilities of the sensor to detect urban flooding. As a result, these images may not detect all flooding and some potentially flooded developed areas could be inaccurate.Dartmouth Flood Observatory at the University of Colorado and NASA GSFC PlanetScope, Sentinel-1, and MODIS:In some cases, responders need this information only during the event. In many others, "building back better" requires accurate knowledge of what land areas were flooded, and also how large the event was compared to previous events. Input from disaster responders, flood risk analysts, and all others seeking information of what land was flooded during major events is welcomed. In many cases, Dartmouth Flood Observatory can produce information products tailored to end user GIS systems and analysis objectives. Write to Robert.Brakenridge@Colorado.edu or Albert.Kettner@Colorado.eduSatellite/Sensor:RADARSAT-2 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)Copernicus Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)PlanetScopeMODISResolution:PlanetScope: 3 metersRADARSAT-2: ~20 metersSentinel-1: 30 metersMODIS: 250 metersCredits:NASA Disasters Program, Dartmouth Flood Observatory at the University of Colorado, NASA MSFC, NASA GSFCRADARSAT-2: This service contains modified RADARSAT-2 data, collected through Hazards Data Distribution System (HDDS)-USGS; post-processing and data product development performed by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. RADARSAT-2 Data and Products © Maxar Technologies Ltd. (2022) - All Rights Reserved. RADARSAT is an official mark of the Canadian Space Agency.Sentinel-1: Sentinel data used in this derived product, contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2022), processed by ESA, Alaska Satellite Facility, NASA Marshall Space Flight CenterThe FPM contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2021-2022), processed by the European Space Agency and analyzed by the NASA-JPL/Caltech ARIA team. Part of the funding was provided by NASA's Earth Applied Sciences Disasters Program.PlanetScope: Includes copyrighted material of Planet Labs PBC. All rights reserved.Esri REST Endpoint:See URL section on the right side of page.WMS Endpoint: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/ags04/services/hurricane_ian_2022/water_extents/MapServer/WMSServer Data Download: DFO PlanetScope (flood extent): https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/download/gis_products/event_specific/2022/hurricane_ian_2022/planet/dfo_gsfc/ DFO Sentinel 1: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/download/gis_products/event_specific/2022/hurricane_ian_2022/sentinel1/dfo/ DFO MODIS: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/download/gis_products/event_specific/2022/hurricane_ian_2022/modis/ Radarsat 2: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/download/gis_products/event_specific/2022/hurricane_ian_2022/radarsat2/ ARIA FPM: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/download/gis_products/event_specific/2022/hurricane_ian_2022/aria/ MSFC Sentinel-1: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/download/gis_products/event_specific/2022/hurricane_ian_2022/sentinel1/