Price Paid Data tracks the residential property sales in England and Wales that are lodged with HM Land Registry for registration.

Our price paid data tracks the residential property sales in England and Wales that are lodged with us for registration. The dataset is a reliable source of house price information and consists of more than 24 million definitive records dating back to January 1995. For more information on this dataset and what it does and doesn't include, visit https://www.gov.uk/about-the-price-paid-data

Choose from three options to select the data that best meets your requirements:

• monthly file: contains a single monthly file of the transactions received in the period from the first to the last day of the corresponding month, including any changes or deletions to previously downloaded data. The data is updated monthly and the average size of this file is 11 MB.

• single file: contains all the up to date data from 1995 to the current date. The data is updated monthly and the average size of this file is 2.86 GB.

• yearly files: contains annual files of up to date data, ranging from 1995 to the current date. Unlike the monthly files described above, yearly files are collated on the date of the transaction/deed date rather than the date that the information was lodged with HM Land Registry. The data is updated monthly and the sizes of these files range from 87 MB to 222 MB. If you are having trouble downloading any of the year files in full, they are also available as two smaller, evenly split CSV files.

We try to make sure that our public data is accurate, but cannot guarantee that it is free from errors or fit for your purpose or use. Reports are based on data collected at the time a property transaction is registered with us and will not necessarily be up to date with the most recent information. For more information, read https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/price-paid-data-downloads#when-using-or-publishing-our-price-paid-data

HM Land Registry’s Price Paid Data records and tracks property sales in England and Wales as submitted to HM Land Registry for registration. The dataset contains single residential properties sold for value since 1995, and since 2013 includes transfers under power of sale/repossessions, buy-to-lets (where identifiable by Mortgage type) and transfers to non-private individuals. The dataset is subject to certain exclusions. It is available for download as single, monthly or yearly files

Transaction details for all property sales in England.

HM Land Registry Price Paid Data tracks land and property sales in England and Wales submitted to us for registration.

Summary statistics for housing transactions by local authority in England and Wales, on an annual basis, updated quarterly using HM Land Registry Price Paid Data. Select values from the Year and Month dimensions for data for a 12-month period ending that month and year (e.g. selecting June and 2018 will return the twelve months to June 2018).

HM Land Registry Price Paid Data tracks land and property sales in England and Wales submitted to us for registration. Under the Open Government Licence (OGL), HM Land Registry permits you to use the Price Paid Data for commercial or non-commercial purposes. However, OGL does not cover the use of third party rights, which we are not authorised to license. Price Paid Data contains address data processed against Ordnance Survey’s AddressBase Premium product, which incorporates Royal Mail’s PAF® database (Address Data). Royal Mail and Ordnance Survey permit your use of Address Data in the Price Paid Data: • for personal and/or non-commercial use • to display for the purpose of providing residential property price information services If you want to use the Address Data in any other way, you must contact Royal Mail. Email address.management@royalmail.com.

Annual mean and median property prices calculated by the GLA from Price Paid Data published on Land Registry website. Number of property sales also included. Data has been aggregated to Borough, Ward, MSOA, LSOA, Postcode Districts and Postcode Sectors. Caution should be used when analysing figures based on a low number of sales. Price Paid Data provides information on every residential property sale in England and Wales that has been lodged with HM Land Registry for registration. Download full price paid data from the Land Registry. Click on the image below to access an interactive dashboard using some of the data available from this page.

Content

This is the dataset for 1995 to 2014.

The companion dataset for 2015 to 2019 is at:

https://www.kaggle.com/dmaso01dsta/house-price-data-england-wales-2015-to-2019

Date, price paid and other data, for residential property transactions in England & Wales from (and including) 1995 to (and including) 2014 as collected and published by HM Land Registry. Due to the size of the data (25 million records in total taking up 4.5GB) a file for each year has been uploaded. These files contain data for that calendar year only, ie. there are no headers. Header (ie. column) information can be obtained from HM Land Registry web site: https://www.gov.uk/guidance/about-the-price-paid-data#explanations-of-column-headers-in-the-ppd

Acknowledgements

Data is downloadable directly from HM Land Registry: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/price-paid-data-downloads

Licensed under the Open Government License for Public Sector Information: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/

Transaction data gives numbers of applications for first registrations, leases, transfers of part, dealings, official copies and searches lodged with HM Land Registry by account holders in the preceding month. The information is divided into data showing all applications lodged, transactions for value, by region and local authority district. Transactions for value include freehold and leasehold sales.

The data published on this page gives you information about the number and types of applications. The data reflects the volume of applications lodged by customers using an HM Land Registry account number on their application form. The data does not include applications that are not yet completed, or were withdrawn.

Content

This dataset has been altered from its original format. Specifically, the monthly files have been aggregated and columns whose names changed over time have been merged to use the current title. Some acronyms that will be helpful to know while reading the column names, per the documentation:

Acronym Title Description

DFL Dispositionary first lease An application for the registration of a new lease granted by the proprietor of registered land

DLG Dealing An application in respect of registered land. This includes transfers of title, charges and notices

FR First registration An application for a first registration of land both freehold and leasehold. For leasehold this applies when the landlord’s title is not registered

TP Transfer of part An application to register the transfer of part of a registered title

OS(W) Search of whole An application to protect a transaction for value, such as purchase, lease or charge for the whole of a title

OS(P) Search of part An application to protect a transaction for value, such as purchase, lease or charge for part of a title

OS(NPW) Non-priority search of whole An application to search the whole of the register without getting priority

OS(NPP) Non-priority search of part An application to search a part of the register without getting priority

OC1 Official copy An application to obtain an official copy of a register or title plan represents a true record of entries in the register and extent of the registered title at a specific date and time. The data includes historical editions of the register and title plan where they are kept by the registrar in electronic form

OC2 Official copy of a deed or document An application to obtain a copy of a document referred to in the register or relates to an application. This includes correspondence, surveys, application forms and emails relating to applications that are pending, cancelled or completed

SIM Search of the index map An application to find out whether or not land is registered and, if so, to obtain the title number

Acknowledgements

This data was kindly released by HM Land Registry under the Open Government License 3.0. You can find their current release here.

Inspiration

-What does this dataset tell us about the HM Land Registry's records of housing Prices Paid? Are searches a leading indicator of price changes?

This is the unadjusted median house priced for residential property sales (transactions) in the area for a 12 month period with April in the middle (year-ending September). These figures have been produced by the ONS (Office for National Statistics) using the Land Registry (LR) Price Paid data on residential dwelling transactions.

The LR Price Paid data are comprehensive in that they capture changes of ownership for individual residential properties which have sold for full market value and covers both cash sales and those involving a mortgage.

The median is the value determined by putting all the house sales for a given year, area and type in order of price and then selecting the price of the house sale which falls in the middle. The median is less susceptible to distortion by the presence of extreme values than is the mean. It is the most appropriate average to use because it best takes account of the skewed distribution of house prices.

Note that a transaction occurs when a change of freeholder or leaseholder takes place regardless of the amount of money involved and a property can transact more than once in the time period.

The LR records the actual price for which the property changed hands. This will usually be an accurate reflection of the market value for the individual property, but it is not always the case. In order to generate statistics that more accurately reflect market values, the LR has excluded records of houses that were not sold at market value from the dataset. The remaining data are considered a good reflection of market values at the time of the transaction. For full details of exclusions and more information on the methodology used to produce these statistics please see http://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/housing/qmis/housepricestatisticsforsmallareasqmi

The LR Price Paid data are not adjusted to reflect the mix of houses in a given area. Fluctuations in the types of house that are sold in that area can cause differences between the median transactional value of houses and the overall market value of houses. Therefore these statistics differ to the new UK House Price Index (HPI) which reports mix-adjusted average house prices and house price indices.

If, for a given year, for house type and area there were fewer than 5 sales records in the LR Price Paid data, the house price statistics are not reported. Data is Powered by LG Inform Plus and automatically checked for new data on the 3rd of each month.

Last updated on 22 Feb 2025

Introduction

This dataset provides comprehensive information on property sales in England and Wales, sourced from the UK government's HM Land Registry. Although the government site claims to update on the same day each month, actual updates can vary. To bridge this update variation gap, our fully automated ETL pipeline retrieves the official government data on a daily basis. This ensures that the dataset always reflects the most current transaction data available.

ETL Process

Our ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) process is designed to automate the data update and publishing workflow: 1. Extract:
The pipeline uses web scraping to retrieve the latest data from the official government website. This step is necessary as the site does not offer an API. 2. Transform:
Before loading the data, the ETL pipeline processes the dataset to ensure consistency and usability. As part of the transformation stage, the first column (Transaction_unique_identifier) is removed. This column is dropped during staging to focus on the most relevant transactional information. The column removal successfully reduces the data file size from almost 6GB to 3.1GB, and therefore will greatly increase the data analysis efficiency, and reduces the chance of kernal error/restart. 3. Load:
Finally, the transformed data is loaded into the dataset.

The transformed data is loaded into the dataset in two parts: - Complete Data (pp-complete.csv): This file encompasses all records from January 1995 to the present. The complete data file is replaced during each update to reflect any corrections or additional historical data. The first column is price. - Monthly Data: A separate monthly file is amended each month. This monthly archive ensures a complete record of updates over time, allowing users to track changes and trends more granularly.

Summary of Results

The dataset (pp-complete.csv) contains records of property sales dating back to January 1995, up to the most recent monthly data. It covers various types of transactions—from residential to commercial properties—providing a holistic view of the real estate market in England and Wales.

Column Descriptions

The original data includes the following columns: - Transaction_unique_identifier
- price
- Date_of_Transfer
- postcode
- Property_Type
- Old/New
- Duration
- PAON
- SAON
- Street
- Locality
- Town/City
- District
- County
- PPDCategory_Type
- Record_Status - monthly_file_only

Note: As part of the transformation process, the Transaction_unique_identifier column is removed from the final published pp-complete.csv data file. Therefore the first column of the pp-complete.csv file is price.

Address data Explanation - Postcode: The postal code where the property is located. - PAON (Primary Addressable Object Name): Typically the house number or name. - SAON (Secondary Addressable Object Name): Additional information if the building is divided into flats or sub-buildings. - Street: The street name where the property is located. - Locality: Additional locality information. - Town/City: The town or city where the property is located. - District: The district in which the property resides. - County: The county where the property is located. - Price Paid: The price for which the property was sold.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Ownership and Attribution This dataset is the property of HM Land Registry and is released under the Open Government Licence (OGL). If you use or publish this dataset, you are required to include the following attribution statement:

>"Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2021. This data is licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0."

Usage Guidelines

The data can be used for both commercial and non-commercial purposes.

The OGL does not cover third-party rights, which HM Land Registry is not authorized to license. For any other use of the Address Data, you must contact Royal Mail.

Suggested Usages

Market Trend Analysis: Understand the ups and downs of the property market over time. Investment Research: Identify potential areas for property investment. Academic Studies: Use the data for economic research and studies related to the housing market. Policy Making: Assist government agencies in making informed decisions regarding housing policies. Real Estate Apps: Integrate the data into apps that provide property price information services.

By using this dataset, you agree to abide by the terms and conditions as specified by HM Land Registry. Failure to do so may result in legal consequences.

Land Registry Price Paid Data (PPD) have been published as open data since 2013. These data have been transformative for house price variation research in the UK as they are a comprehensive record of residential transactions at address level and cover the whole of England and Wales over a period dating back to 1995. Despite the utility of these data, a lack of attribute information relating to the properties, such as total floor area information, is identified as one of the major shortcomings of the PPD data. This means that the impacts of stock mix on broader price patterns cannot be fully accounted for. This research outlines one approach which addresses this deficiency by combining transaction information from the official open Land Registry Price Paid Data (PPD) with property size information form the official open Domestic Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs). A four-stage data linkage is created to generate a new linked dataset, representing 79% of the full market sales in the Land Registry PPD. This new linked dataset details 5,732,838 transactions in England and Wales between 2011 and 2019, along with each property's total floor area and the number of habitable rooms. Codes for other commonly used spatial units from Output Area to Local Authority are also included in the dataset. This offers greater flexibility for the exploration of house price variation in England and Wales at different spatial scales. The data collection includes the scripts used for linkage, as well as the resulting dataset.

Current residential house price variation research in the UK is limited by lack of an open and comprehensive house price database that contains both transaction price alongside dwelling attributes such as size. This research outlines one approach which addresses this deficiency in England and Wales through combining transaction information from the official open Land Registry Price Paid Data (PPD) and property size information form the official open Domestic Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs). A four-stage data linkage is created to generate a new linked data, representing 79% of the full market sales in Land Registry PPD. This new linked dataset offers greater flexibility for the exploration of house price (house price per square metre) variation in England and Wales at different spatial scales over postcode unit between 2011 and 2019.

introduction

This dataset provides comprehensive information on property sales in England and Wales, as sourced from the UK government's HM Land Registry. It offers valuable insights into property transactions, including sale prices, locations, and types of properties sold. This dataset is particularly useful for analysts, researchers, and businesses looking to understand market trends, property valuations, and investment opportunities in the real estate sector of England and Wales.

Summary of Results

The dataset contains records of property sales dating back to January 1995, up to the most recent monthly data. It covers various types of transactions, from residential to commercial properties, providing a holistic view of the real estate market in England and Wales.

Column Descriptions

colnames=['Transaction_unique_identifier', 'price', 'Date_of_Transfer', 'postcode', 'Property_Type', 'Old/New', 'Duration', 'PAON', 'SAON', 'Street', 'Locality', 'Town/City', 'District', 'County', 'PPDCategory_Type', 'Record_Status - monthly_file_only' ]

Address data Explaination Postcode: The postal code where the property is located. PAON (Primary Addressable Object Name): Typically the house number or name. SAON (Secondary Addressable Object Name): Additional information if the building is divided into flats or sub-buildings. Street: The street name where the property is located. Locality: Additional locality information. Town/City:The town or city where the property is located. District: The district in which the property resides. County:The county where the property is located. Price Paid:The price for which the property was sold.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Ownership and Attribution

This dataset is the property of HM Land Registry and is released under the Open Government Licence (OGL). If you use or publish this dataset, you are required to include the following attribution statement:

"Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2021. This data is licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0."

Usage Guidelines

The data can be used for both commercial and non-commercial purposes.

The OGL does not cover third-party rights, which HM Land Registry is not authorized to license. For any other use of the Address Data, you must contact Royal Mail.

##Suggested Usages Market Trend Analysis: Understand the ups and downs of the property market over time. Investment Research: Identify potential areas for property investment. Academic Studies: Use the data for economic research and studies related to the housing market. Policy Making: Assist government agencies in making informed decisions regarding housing policies. Real Estate Apps: Integrate the data into apps that provide property price information services.

By using this dataset, you agree to abide by the terms and conditions as specified by HM Land Registry. Failure to do so may result in legal consequences.

The UK house price index (UK HPI) represents changes in the value of UK residential properties (i.e., detached houses, semi-detached houses, terraced houses, flats and maisonettes) and indicates trends in the UK housing market. The UK HPI applies a hedonic regression model that utilises the various sources of data on property price (e.g., HM Land Registry's Price Paid dataset) to allow for a true comparison of UK property prices in each period. The data is sourced from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and HM Land Registry, using house sales data from HM Land Registry, Registers of Scotland, and Land and Property Services Northern Ireland. Forecast data is estimated by IBISWorld, with reference to Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) forecasts submitted in its 'Economic and fiscal outlook – March 2022' publication. The figures are presented with a base month in 2015 (i.e., January 2015 = 100) and are averages of the UK HPI over each financial year (i.e., April-March).

SDLT data from HMRC and HM Land Registry to gather evidence of value of property. Updated: regularly

Dwelling transactions: the total number of changes of ownership of dwellings in a calendar year, with statistics on the prices paid. Source: Land Registry Publisher: Neighbourhood Statistics Geographies: Middle Layer Super Output Area (MSOA), Local Authority District (LAD), Government Office Region (GOR), National Geographic coverage: England Time coverage: 2001 to 2008 Type of data: Administrative data Notes: The dataset covers a total of 266,871 transactions.

This repository is the fourth updated version of the attribute-linked residential property price dataset in the UK Data Service ReShare (854240) (https://reshare.ukdataservice.ac.uk/854240/). This dataset contains individual property transactions and associated variables from both Land Registry Price Paid Dataset (LR PPD) and the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC, formerly MHCLG) Domestic Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) data. It is a linked dataset produced by address matching between LR PPD data (1/1/1995–31/10/2024) and Domestic EPC data (up to 31/10/2024). It is the full version of the 2024 update of the dataset published in the Greater London Authority (GLA) London Datastore (https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/house-price-per-square-metre-in-england-and-wales).

The linked dataset (tranall_link_26122024) provided here is the initial, uncleaned version, intended to offer maximum flexibility for users to clean the data according to their research purposes. This linked dataset records over 22 million transactions with 106 variables across England and Wales, covering the period from 01/01/1995 to 31/10/2024. We have provided technical validation and data cleaning code in UKDA ReShare 854240 to help users evaluate the data structure and perform their own cleaning. There is no single way to clean this raw linked dataset, so we encourage users to develop their own cleaning process based on their research needs. This repository also includes the original Land Registry Price Paid Data (LR PPD) and Domestic EPCs used to create the linked dataset (house price per square metre dataset). Unlike previous versions, this updated dataset no longer includes the id variable (created by the authors). Instead, for the first time, both the Domestic EPCs and the linked dataset retain the LMK_KEY variable, which originates from the Domestic EPCs dataset. This change was made because LMK_KEY serves as a unique identifier, with no duplicate records since 2024. Five address-related variables from the original Domestic EPCs dataset(ADDRESS1, ADDRESS2, ADDRESS3, POSTCODE, and ADDRESS) have been removed from the EPC data in this repository. The priceper and classt variables were created by the authors and can be found in the linked dataset (tranall_link_26122024.zip). A detailed explanation of these fields is available on the GLA London Datastore (https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/house-price-per-square-metre-in-england-and-wales). The lad23cd field originates from the NSPL dataset. Since November 2021, DLUHC has published Domestic EPCs with the Unique Property Reference Number (UPRN). As a result, both the EPC and the full linked dataset in this repository include UPRN information from the Domestic EPCs