This statistic shows the biggest cities in Ethiopia in 2022. In 2022, approximately 3.86 million people lived in Adis Abeba, making it the biggest city in Ethiopia.

Population in largest city in Ethiopia was reported at 5703628 in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Population in largest city - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Ethiopia ET: Population in Largest City data was reported at 4,215,965.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,039,927.000 Person for 2016. Ethiopia ET: Population in Largest City data is updated yearly, averaging 1,690,413.500 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,215,965.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 519,177.000 Person in 1960. Ethiopia ET: Population in Largest City data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population in largest city is the urban population living in the country's largest metropolitan area.; ; United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.; ;

Population in the largest city (% of urban population) in Ethiopia was reported at 18.25 % in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Population in the largest city - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Ethiopia ET: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data was reported at 15.931 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 16.255 % for 2016. Ethiopia ET: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data is updated yearly, averaging 29.736 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36.434 % in 1960 and a record low of 15.931 % in 2017. Ethiopia ET: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population in largest city is the percentage of a country's urban population living in that country's largest metropolitan area.; ; United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.; Weighted Average;

Accessibility to major cities dataset is modelled as raster-based travel time/cost analysis, computed for the largest cities (>50k habitants) in the country. This 1km resolution raster dataset is part of FAO’s Hand-in-Hand Initiative, Geographical Information Systems - Multicriteria Decision Analysis (GIS-MCDA) aimed at the identification of value chain infrastructure sites (or optimal location).

Nigeria has the largest population in Africa. As of 2025, the country counted over 237.5 million individuals, whereas Ethiopia, which ranked second, has around 135.5 million inhabitants. Egypt registered the largest population in North Africa, reaching nearly 118.4 million people. In terms of inhabitants per square kilometer, Nigeria only ranked seventh, while Mauritius had the highest population density on the whole African continent in 2023. The fastest-growing world region Africa is the second most populous continent in the world, after Asia. Nevertheless, Africa records the highest growth rate worldwide, with figures rising by over two percent every year. In some countries, such as Niger, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Chad, the population increase peaks at over three percent. With so many births, Africa is also the youngest continent in the world. However, this coincides with a low life expectancy. African cities on the rise The last decades have seen high urbanization rates in Asia, mainly in China and India. However, African cities are currently growing at larger rates. Indeed, most of the fastest-growing cities in the world are located in Sub-Saharan Africa. Gwagwalada, in Nigeria, and Kabinda, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, ranked first worldwide. By 2035, instead, Africa's fastest-growing cities are forecast to be Bujumbura, in Burundi, and Zinder, Nigeria.

Accessibility to regional cities dataset is modeled as raster-based travel time/cost analysis, computed for the largest cities surrounding the country. The following cities are included: City - Population Addis Ababa, Ethiopia - 5 153 002 Asmara, Eritrea - 1 258 001 Sohag, Egypt - 979 800 Wau, South Sudan - 328 651 Abeche, Chad - 83 155 This 500m resolution raster dataset is part of FAO’s Hand-in-Hand Initiative, Geographical Information Systems - Multicriteria Decision Analysis (GIS-MCDA) aimed at the identification of value chain infrastructure sites (or optimal location).

Socio-demographic characteristics of students of Jimma high school, Jimma town southwest Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 388).

This dataset consists of very high resolution urban land cover maps for two African cities, Mekelle, Ethiopia and Polokwane, South Africa for 2020. Maps were generated from Planet SuperDove satellite imagery at 3.125-m spatial resolution, and Worldview-3 satellite imagery (Maxar Techologies) at two spatial resolutions, 2 m for multispectral imagery and 0.5-m spatial resolution for pansharpened imagery. An object-based image classification approach was used to produce a multi-class land cover product for each image source. The aim of this work was to support fine scale urban land cover analyses and comparative assessments between different high resolution satellite imagery sources. The data are provided in shapefile format.

Abstract

The Ethiopian Socioeconomic Survey (ESS) is a collaborative project between the Central Statistics Agency (CSA) of Ethiopia and the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study- Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) team. The objective of the LSMS-ISA is to collect multi-topic panel household level data with a special focus on improving agriculture statistics and the link between agriculture and other sectors of the economy. The project also aims to build capacity, share knowledge across countries, and improve survey methodologies and technology.

The specific objectives of the ESS are:

• Development of an innovative model for collecting agricultural data in conjunction with household data;
• Strengthening the capacity to generate a sustainable system for producing accurate and timely information on agricultural households in Ethiopia;
• Development of a model of inter-institutional collaboration between the CSA and relevant federal and local government agencies as well as national and international research and development partners; and
• Comprehensive analysis of household income, well-being, and socio-economic characteristics of households in rural areas and small towns.

The ESS contains several innovative features:

• Integration of household welfare data with agricultural data;
• Creation of a panel data set that can be used to study welfare dynamics, the role of agriculture in development and the changes over time in health, education and labor activities, inter alia;.
• Collection of information on the network of buyers and sellers of goods with which the household interacts;
• Expanding the use of GPS units for measuring agricultural land areas;
• Involvement of multiple actors in government, academia and the donor community in the development of the survey and its contents as well as its implementation and analysis;
• Creation of publicly available micro data sets for researchers and policy makers;

Geographic coverage

National Coverage.

Analysis unit

Households

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

ESS is designed to collect panel data in rural and urban areas on a range of household and community level characteristics linked to agricultural activities. The first wave was implemented in 2011-12 and the second wave is implemented in 2013-14. The first wave, ERSS, covered only rural and small town areas. The second wave, ESS, added samples from large town areas. The second wave is nationally representative. The existing panel data (2011/12-2013/14) is only for rural and small towns. Large towns were added during the second wave and, so far, there is only one round. The planned follow-up ESS surveys will continue to be nationally representative. The ESS sample size provides estimates at the national level for rural and small town households. At the regional level, it provides estimates for five regions including Addis Ababa, Amhara, Oromiya, SNNP, and Tigray.

The sample is a two-stage probability sample. The first stage of sampling entailed selecting primary sampling units, which are a sample of the CSA enumeration areas (EAs). A total of 433 EAs were selected based on probability proportional to size of the total EAs in each region. For the rural sample, 290 EAs were selected from the AgSS EAs. For small town EAs, a total of 43 EAs and for large towns 100 EAs were selected. In order to ensure sufficient sample in the most populous regions (Amhara, Oromiya, SNNP, and Tigray) and Addis Ababa, quotas were set for the number of EAs in each region. The sample is not representative for each of the small regions including Afar, Benshangul Gumuz, Dire Dawa, Gambella, Harari, and Somalie regions. However, estimates can be produced for a combination of all smaller regions as one "other region" category.

During the second wave 100 urban EAs were added. The addition also included one more region to the sample, Addis Ababa. In each EA 15 households were selected. The addition of urban EAs increased the sample size from 333 to 433 EAs or from about 3,969 to 5,469 households.

The second stage of sampling was the selection of households to be interviewed in each EA. For rural EAs, a total of 12 households are sampled in each EA. Of these, 10 households were randomly selected from the sample of 30 AgSS households. The AgSS households are households which are involved in farming or livestock activities. Another 2 households were randomly selected from all other non-agricultural households in the selected rural EA (those not involved in agriculture or livestock). In some EAs, there is only one or no such households, in which case, less than two non-agricultural households were surveyed and more agricultural households were interviewed instead so that the total number of households per EA remains the same.

In the small town EAs, 12 households are selected randomly from the listing of each EA, with no stratification as to whether the household is engaged in agriculture/livestock. The same procedure is followed in the large town EAs. However, 15 households were selected in each large town EA.

Households were not selected using replacement. Thus, the final number of household interviewed was slightly less than the 5,469 as planned in the design. A total of 3,776 panel households and 1,486 new households (total 5,262 households) were interviewed with a response rate of 96.2 percent.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

The interviews were carried out using paper and pen interviewing method. However, a concurrent data entry arrangement was introduced in this wave. In this arrangement, the enumerators did not wait until all the interviews were completed. Rather, once the enumerators completed some 3 to 4 questionnaires, the supervisors collected those completed interviews from the enumerators and brought them to the branch offices for data entry, while the enumerators are still conducting interviews with other households. Then questionnaires are keyed at the branch offices as soon as they are completed using CSPro data entry application software. The data from the completed questionnaires are then checked for any interview or data entry errors using a stata program. Data entry errors are checked with the data entry clerks and the interview errors are then sent to back to the field for correction and feedback to the ongoing interviews. Several rounds of this process were undertaken until the final data files are produced. In addition, after the fieldwork was completed the paper questionnaires were sent to the CSA headquarters in Addis Ababa for further checking. Additional cleaning was carried out, as needed, by checking the hard copies.

Response rate

Response rate was 96.2 percent.

The metropolitan area of Lagos in Nigeria counted over 14 million middle-class people as of 2018. This was the highest number in Africa. Addis Ababa in Ethiopia followed with 2.7 million individuals belonging to the middle class. The middle-class population included people who had a disposable income of over 75 percent of their salary, were employed, had a business activity, or were in education, and had at least a secondary school degree.

Abstract

The DPHS in Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa was conducted in May and June 2017, with the objective to assess the role of poverty in disaster risk, focusing primarily on urban flooding but also other hazards.

This project was a collaborative effort between Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR), the Poverty Global Practice and Urban, Disaster Risk Management, Resilience and Land Global Practice (GPURL). Data collection was carried out by UDA Consulting under the supervision of the World Bank.

Geographic coverage

Cities of Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Satellite images of Addis Adaba and Dire Dawa were used to divide both cities into 100m x 100m grids and among those, 173 and 81 grids in Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa respectively were randomly selected. In each selected grid, a 10 x 10 meters secondary dot grids were created. Then, in each secondary grid, 5 households were randomly assessed for inclusion. If the house corresponded to the characteristics of a residential and “low-income/slum” dwelling, it was included in the sample. While the sampling was carried out in a manner to assure representativeness at the city level, caution should be taken before generalizing results generating from this data for the entire city population. This is because the sample intended to sample slum dwellers and low-income households (based on factors that are detectable in high-resolution satellite imagery and visible from above, such as quality of roofing and dwelling size, size of plot, etc.).

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The survey questionnaire consists of 13 sections that were used to collect the survey data. See the attached questionnaire.

Cleaning operations

The following data editing was done for anonymization purposes: • Precise location data, such as GPS coordinates, and 10 x 10 meters grids were dropped • Personal information, such as names and phone numbers were dropped • The number of religions reported was reduced from 6 to 3 categories, the number of ethnicities from 14 to 4 categories, marital status from 6 to 4 categories • Household size exceeding seven household members was categorized as “above 7 members” • Household member information for 7th member and above was dropped to avoid reconstruction of the household size variable.

For more information on the anonymization process, see the Technical Document.

ET：最大城市人口在12-01-2017达4,215,965.000人，相较于12-01-2016的4,039,927.000人有所增长。ET：最大城市人口数据按年更新，12-01-1960至12-01-2017期间平均值为1,690,413.500人，共58份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于12-01-2017，达4,215,965.000人，而历史最低值则出现于12-01-1960，为519,177.000人。CEIC提供的ET：最大城市人口数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于World Bank，数据归类于全球数据库的埃塞俄比亚 – Table ET.World Bank.WDI：人口和城市化进程统计。

Abstract

This survey was conducted as part of a review of the different civil service reform tools in Ethiopia, to assess what has been achieved, and what to consider next. The review aimed to take stock of what has been done, identify remaining and potential new challenges, and draw lessons, as well as suggest recommendations on how to move further ahead in the coming years to foster a fair, responsible, efficient, ethical, and transparent civil service. A survey of civil servants at the Federal, Regional and Woreda levels was implemented that focused on five sectors, namely, agriculture, education, health, revenue administration, and trade.

The aim of the Ethiopia Civil Servant Survey was to gather micro-level data on the perceptions and experiences of civil servants, and on the key restraints to civil servants performing their duties to the best of their abilities, and to the provision of public goods. This civil servant survey aimed to contribute to the development of diagnostic tools which would allow to better understand the incentive environments which lead to different types of behavior and the determinants of service delivery in the civil service.

Report available at: https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/981311547566282423/moving-further-on-civil-service-reforms-in-ethiopia-findings-and-implications-from-a-civil-service-survey-and-qualitative-analysis

Geographic coverage

At the Federal level 330 individuals were planned to be interviewed; 550 at the Region level (Harar, Afar, SNNPR, Oromiya, Amhara, Dire Dawa, Addis Ababa, Benishangul, Somali, Tigray, Gambella); and 1615 at the Woreda (66 Woredas) level. Within each region 50 individuals were targeted to be interviewed, except in Addis Ababa, where the target was 40 due to not having an agriculture bureau, and except in Oromiya, where, due to additional funds becoming available, the target became 60. Within each Woreda, 25 individuals were planned to be sampled.

Analysis unit

Public servants, including managers and non-managers at the Federal, Regional and Woreda levels.

Kind of data

Aggregate data [agg]

Sampling procedure

To provide a large sample for statistical analysis, while remaining within budget, the Ethiopian civil servants survey focused on the three major policy making tiers of government: Federal; Regional; and Woreda. The Ministry of Public Sector and Human Resource Development identified the 5 core sectors that the survey should include: agriculture, education, health, revenue, and trade. The decision was made then to plan to interview a sufficient number of individuals from each of those tiers and allocate the remaining funds to Woreda-level interviews. With this methodology, with the funds available, 70 Woredas were included in the target sample at the planning stage. At the Federal level 330 individuals were planned to be interviewed; 550 at the Region level; and 1615 at the Woreda level. Within each region 50 individuals were targeted to be interviewed, except in Addis Ababa, where the target was 40 due to not having an agriculture bureau, and except in Oromiya, where, due to additional funds becoming available, the target became 60. Within each Woreda, 25 individuals were planned to be sampled.

Stratified randomization was conducted to select 70 Woredas from the 9 regional states in a way that is proportional to the size of the region (in terms of number of Woredas as per the 2007 census). However, 4 Woredas were dropped due to security challenges.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The survey questionnaire comprises following modules: 1- Cover page, 2- Demographic and work history information, 3- Management practices, 4- Turnover, 5- Recruitment and selection, 6- Attitude, 7- Time use and bottlenecks, 8- Information, 9- Information technology, 10- Stakeholder engagement, 11- Reforms, and 12- Woreda and city benchmarking.

The questionnaire was prepared in English and Amharic.

Response rate

Response rate was 88%.

ET：最大城市人口：占城镇人口百分比在12-01-2017达15.931%，相较于12-01-2016的16.255%有所下降。ET：最大城市人口：占城镇人口百分比数据按年更新，12-01-1960至12-01-2017期间平均值为29.736%，共58份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于12-01-1960，达36.434%，而历史最低值则出现于12-01-2017，为15.931%。CEIC提供的ET：最大城市人口：占城镇人口百分比数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于World Bank，数据归类于Global Database的埃塞俄比亚 – 表 ET.世界银行：人口和城市化进程统计。

Socio- demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population by sex in a community-based survey among Gondar city residents who were ≥18 years old, Northwest Ethiopia.

Demographic characteristics of participants in a public health facility, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2024.

Clinical-related factors of participants in a public health facility, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2024.

Abstract

Survey based Harmonized Indicators (SHIP) files are harmonized data files from household surveys that are conducted by countries in Africa. To ensure the quality and transparency of the data, it is critical to document the procedures of compiling consumption aggregation and other indicators so that the results can be duplicated with ease. This process enables consistency and continuity that make temporal and cross-country comparisons consistent and more reliable.

Four harmonized data files are prepared for each survey to generate a set of harmonized variables that have the same variable names. Invariably, in each survey, questions are asked in a slightly different way, which poses challenges on consistent definition of harmonized variables. The harmonized household survey data present the best available variables with harmonized definitions, but not identical variables. The four harmonized data files are

a) Individual level file (Labor force indicators in a separate file): This file has information on basic characteristics of individuals such as age and sex, literacy, education, health, anthropometry and child survival. b) Labor force file: This file has information on labor force including employment/unemployment, earnings, sectors of employment, etc. c) Household level file: This file has information on household expenditure, household head characteristics (age and sex, level of education, employment), housing amenities, assets, and access to infrastructure and services. d) Household Expenditure file: This file has consumption/expenditure aggregates by consumption groups according to Purpose (COICOP) of Household Consumption of the UN.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Individual level for datasets with suffix _I and _L
• Household level for datasets with suffix _H and _E

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents).

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Frame The list of households obtained from the 2001/2 Ethiopian Agricultural Sample Enumeration (EASE) was used as a frame to select EAs from the rural part of the country. On the other hand, the list consisting of households by EA, which was obtained from the 2004 Ethiopian Urban Economic Establishment Census, (EUEEC), was used as a frame in order to select sample enumeration areas for the urban HICE survey. A fresh list of households from each urban and rural EA was prepared at the beginning of the survey period. This list was, thus, used as a frame in order to select households from sample EAs.

Sample Design For the purpose of the survey the country was divided into three broad categories. That is; rural, major urban center and other urban center categories.

Category I: Rural: - This category consists of the rural areas of eight regional states and two administrative councils (Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa) of the country, except Gambella region. Each region was considered to be a domain (Reporting Level) for which major findings of the survey are reported. This category comprises 10 reporting levels. A stratified two-stage cluster sample design was used to select samples in which the primary sampling units (PSUs) were EAs. Twelve households per sample EA were selected as a Second Stage Sampling Unit (SSU) to which the survey questionnaire were administered.

Category II:- Major urban centers:- In this category all regional capitals (except Gambella region) and four additional urban centers having higher population sizes as compared to other urban centers were included. Each urban center in this category was considered as a reporting level. However, each sub-city of Addis Ababa was considered to be a domain (reporting levels). Since there is a high variation in the standards of living of the residents of these urban centers (that may have a significant impact on the final results of the survey), each urban center was further stratified into the following three sub-strata. Sub-stratum 1:- Households having a relatively high standards of living Sub-stratum 2:- Households having a relatively medium standards of living and Sub-stratum 3:- Households having a relatively low standards of living. The category has a total of 14 reporting levels. A stratified two-stage cluster sample design was also adopted in this instance. The primary sampling units were EAs of each urban center. Allocation of sample EAs of a reporting level among the above mentioned strata were accomplished in proportion to the number of EAs each stratum consists of. Sixteen households from each sample EA were inally selected as a Secondary Sampling Unit (SSU).

Category III: - Other urban centers: - Urban centers in the country other than those under category II were grouped into this category. Excluding Gambella region a domain of "other urban centers" is formed for each region. Consequently, 7 reporting levels were formed in this category. Harari, Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa do not have urban centers other than that grouped in category II. Hence, no domain was formed for these regions under this category. Unlike the above two categories a stratified three-stage cluster sample design was adopted to select samples from this category. The primary sampling units were urban centers and the second stage sampling units were EAs. Sixteen households from each EA were lastly selected at the third stage and the survey questionnaires administered for all of them.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]