This statistic shows the biggest cities in Vietnam in 2019. In 2019, approximately nine million people lived in Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh (Ho Chi Minh City), making it the biggest city in Vietnam.

Population in largest city in Vietnam was reported at 9567656 in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Vietnam - Population in largest city - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on September of 2025.

In 2024, Ho Chi Minh City was the largest municipality in Vietnam, with a population of over *** million people. Home to over eight million people, Ha Noi ranking second, followed by Hai Phong. There are five municipalities in Vietnam, which are also the leading urban cities in the country.

In 2024, the population density in Ho Chi Minh City reached ***** inhabitants per square kilometer, making the largest city of Vietnam also the most crowded. Ha Noi, the capital, was much less crowded, with ***** people per square kilometer. In both Da Nang and Can Tho, this figure stayed around *** inhabitants per square kilometer.

Population in the largest city (% of urban population) in Vietnam was reported at 23.57 % in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Vietnam - Population in the largest city - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on September of 2025.

Vietnam VN: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data was reported at 23.394 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 23.302 % for 2016. Vietnam VN: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data is updated yearly, averaging 23.202 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 29.151 % in 1960 and a record low of 21.883 % in 1993. Vietnam VN: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population in largest city is the percentage of a country's urban population living in that country's largest metropolitan area.; ; United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.; Weighted average;

VN: Population in Largest City data was reported at 7,870,501.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,604,915.000 Person for 2016. VN: Population in Largest City data is updated yearly, averaging 2,905,317.000 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,870,501.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 1,400,000.000 Person in 1960. VN: Population in Largest City data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population in largest city is the urban population living in the country's largest metropolitan area.; ; United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.; ;

In 2024, the population of Ho Chi Minh City reached approximately **** million inhabitants, showing an increase compared to the year before. Formerly known as Saigon, Ho Chi Minh City is the largest and most populous city in Vietnam.

In 2023, citizens of Ho Chi Minh City and Ha Noi had the highest monthly average monthly income per capita among Vietnam's four major cities, amounting to more than *** million Vietnamese dong. People living in Da Nang had a slightly lower monthly income per capita that year, reaching an average of **** million Vietnamese dong. In that year, the monthly average income per capita of the whole country was at **** million Vietnamese dong.

In 2024, the urban population in Vietnam stood at approximately 39 million people. The six largest urban agglomerations include Hanoi, Hai Phong, Da Nang, Bien Hoa, Ho Chi Minh City, and Can Tho. On the other hand, Ben Tre, Thai Binh, and Bac Giang had the lowest rates of urbanization in the country. Urbanization in Vietnam The rapid urbanization in Vietnam results in a disproportionate population density between its urban and rural areas. For instance, in 2022, Ho Chi Minh City recorded a population density of 4,481 inhabitants per square kilometer, nearly 15 times the country's average population density in the same year. The urban population is consistently increasing due to the country’s economic reforms and infrastructure development, as well as higher living standards. For example, the monthly income per capita in urban areas is nearly half as much as that in rural areas. Nevertheless, the poverty rate in Vietnam has been consistently diminishing each year, roughly at 4.2 percent as of 2022. Urban infrastructure in Vietnam Vietnam has made significant progress in developing its urban infrastructure, especially in major cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. The expansion of highways, seaports, and airports has enhanced domestic and international connectivity, as well as greatly contributed to the country’s logistic industry. For instance, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City are developing a metro system which is expected to be put into operation in 2024. The country has also invested in modern healthcare facilities, schools, and commercial centers. However, challenges such as traffic jams, limited public transportation services, and environmental pollution still require significant efforts to meet the growing demands of the Vietnamese urban population.

As of the first quarter of 2023, Hai Phong was the centrally controlled city with the highest gross regional domestic product growth rate among all the municipalities in Vietnam, at **** percent. Ha Noi, the capital city of the country, recorded a GRDP growth rate of nearly *** percent that year. By comparison, the GRDP of Ho Chi Minh City, the largest city in Vietnam, only increased by almost *** percent in the same year.

Vietnam Smart City ICT Infrastructure Market is expected to experience significant growth, with a CAGR of 15-18% from 2025 to 2030.

Abstract

The STEP (Skills Toward Employment and Productivity) Measurement program is the first ever initiative to generate internationally comparable data on skills available in developing countries. The program implements standardized surveys to gather information on the supply and distribution of skills and the demand for skills in labor market of low-income countries.

The uniquely-designed Household Survey includes modules that measure the cognitive skills (reading, writing and numeracy), socio-emotional skills (personality, behavior and preferences) and job-specific skills (subset of transversal skills with direct job relevance) of a representative sample of adults aged 15 to 64 living in urban areas, whether they work or not. The cognitive skills module also incorporates a direct assessment of reading literacy based on the Survey of Adults Skills instruments. Modules also gather information about family, health and language.

Geographic coverage

The survey covers the urban area of two largest cities of Vietnam, Ha Noi and HCMCT.

Analysis unit

The units of analysis are the individual respondents and households. A household roster is undertaken at the start of the survey and the individual respondent is randomly selected among all household members aged 15 to 64 included. The random selection process was designed by the STEP team and compliance with the procedure is carefully monitored during fieldwork.

Universe

The STEP target population is the population aged 15 to 64 included, living in urban areas, as defined by each country's statistical office. In Vietnam, the target population comprised all people from 15-64 years old living in urban areas in Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City (HCM).

The reasons for selection of these two cities include :

(i) They are two biggest cities of Vietnam, so they would have all urban characteristics needed for STEP study, and (ii) It is less costly to conduct STEP survey in these to cities, compared to all urban areas of Vietnam, given limitation of survey budget.

• The target population is not representative for the national urban population.

The following are excluded from the sample:

• Residents of institutions (prisons, hospitals, etc)
• Residents of senior homes and hospices
• Residents of other group dwellings such as college dormitories, halfway homes, workers' quarters, etc
• Persons living outside the country at the time of data collection

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

• The sample of 3405 households was selected from 227 urban Enumeration Areas (EAs) in Ha Noi (107 EAs) and Ho Chi Minh City (120 EAs). From each EA 15 households were selected, so the number of households selected in Ha Noi was 1245 HHs, and in HCM, 2160 HHs.
• The 2009 Population and Housing Census was used as a sample frame.
• Regarding PSUs (EAs), the sampling frame is the list of 15% of total EAs of the 2009 Population Census. Data items on the frame for PSU include provincecode, districtcode, commune code, and EA code; address of EA, number of households.
• Regarding ultimate sampling units (households), sampling frame is a list of (100) households in each EA. Data items on the frame for ultimate sampling units (households) include names of heads of households.

The sample frame includes the list of urban EAs and the count of households for each EA. Changes of the EAs list and household list would impact on coverage of sample frame. In a recent review of Ha Noi, there were only 3 EAs either new or destroyed from 140 randomly selected Eas (2%). GSO would increase the coverage of sample frame (>95% as standard) by updating the household list of the selected Eas before selecting households for STEP.

A detailed description of the sample design is available in section 4 of the NSDPR provided with the metadata. On completion of the household listing operation, GSO will deliver to the World Bank a copy of the lists, and an Excel spreadsheet with the total number of households listed in each of the 227 visited PSUs.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The STEP survey instruments include: (i) a Background Questionnaire developed by the WB STEP team (ii) a Reading Literacy Assessment developed by Educational Testing Services (ETS).

All countries adapted and translated both instruments following the STEP Technical Standards: 2 independent translators adapted and translated the Background Questionnaire and Reading Literacy Assessment, while reconciliation was carried out by a third translator. The WB STEP team and ETS collaborated closely with the survey firms during the process and reviewed the adaptation and translation to Vietnamese (using a back translation). - The survey instruments were both piloted as part of the survey pretest. - The adapted Background Questionnaires are provided in English as external resources. The Reading Literacy Assessment is protected by copyright and will not be published.

Cleaning operations

STEP Data Management Process 1. Raw data is sent by the survey firm 2. The WB STEP team runs data checks on the Background Questionnaire data. - ETS runs data checks on the Reading Literacy Assessment data. - Comments and questions are sent back to the survey firm. 3. The survey firm reviews comments and questions. When a data entry error is identified, the survey firm corrects the data. 4. The WB STEP team and ETS check the data files are clean. This might require additional iterations with the survey firm. 5. Once the data has been checked and cleaned, the WB STEP team computes the weights. Weights are computed by the STEP team to ensure consistency across sampling methodologies. 6. ETS scales the Reading Literacy Assessment data. 7. The WB STEP team merges the Background Questionnaire data with the Reading Literacy Assessment data and computes derived variables.

Detailed information data processing in STEP surveys is provided in the 'Guidelines for STEP Data Entry Programs' document provided as an external resource. The template do-file used by the STEP team to check the raw background questionnaire data is provided as an external resource.

Response rate

The response rate for Vietnam (urban) was 62%. (See STEP Methodology Note Table 4).

Sampling error estimates

A weighting documentation was prepared for each participating country and provides some information on sampling errors. All country weighting documentations are provided as an external resource.

The data shows the location of center for COVID-19 test and prevention, control stations in major cities in Vietnam. This is particularly important to help people and authorities can control the spread of disease. Major cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh are the fastest places to deploy center for COVID-19 test and control stations. Data will be updated continuously in other localities.

Vietnam Real Estate & Mortgage Market Report is Segmented by Type (Residential, Retail, Logistics/Industrial, Hospitality, and Office), Value (Premium, Luxury, and Affordable), and Key Cities (Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Quang Ninh, and Da Nang). The Report Offers Market Sizes and Forecasts in Value (USD) for all the Above Segments.

Vietnam Luxury Residential Real Estate Market Report is Segmented by Property Type (Apartments & Condominiums, and Villas & Landed Houses), by by Business Model (Sales and Rental), by Mode of Sale (Primary and Secondary), by City (Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Da Nang, Nha Trang and Other Cities). The Report Offers Market Size and Forecast Values (USD) for all the Above Segments.

The Vietnam Residential Real Estate Market is Segmented by Property Type (Apartments and Condominiums, and Villas and Landed Houses), by Price Band (Affordable, Mid-Market and Luxury), by Business Model (Sales and Rental), by Mode of Sale (Primary and Secondary), and by Key Cities and Provinces (Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Danang, Hai Phong and More). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD)

Vietnam Luxury Residential Real Estate Market size was valued at USD 3.9 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 8.3 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 10% during the forecast period 2025 to 2032. Vietnam Luxury Residential Real Estate Market: Definition/Overview

Vietnam luxury residential real estate is defined as high-end residential properties in prime locations that provide exceptional quality, design, amenities, and services. These houses are often found in large cities like Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, and seaside areas, drawing both wealthy local purchasers and foreign investors. Luxury residential real estate consists of premium villas, penthouses, condominiums, and exclusive gated communities, with amenities such as panoramic views, cutting-edge technology, high-end finishes, and access to recreational facilities such as private pools, gyms, and spas.

The Vietnam Commercial Real Estate Market Report is Segmented by Property Type (Offices, Retail and More), by Business Model (Rental and Sales), by End User (Individuals / Households and More) and by Region (Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi and More). The Report Offers Market Size and Forecasts in Value (USD) for all the Above Segments.

Abstract

This Labour Force Survey was conducted by the General Statistics Office of Viet Nam in 2013. The main objectives of the survey are to collect basic information on Viet Nam's labour market in 2013 in accordance with previous LFS studies and international standards. The data was collected using two-stage stratified sampling; the sampling frame is the sample 15% enumeration areas of the 2009 Population and Housing Census.The sample size of the survey is 50,640 households per quarter, equivalent to 16,880 households per month. Data covers the whole country, urban/rural areas; 6 socio-economic regions, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City for quarterly and all 63 centrally governed provinces for yearly.

The target universe includes population ages 15 and over. Sampling units are households; all eligible individuals in sampled households comprise the sample for the survey.

This is an in-depth survey with complicated contents. For each month, 12 to 22 enumeration areas per province are selected, 15-20 households are enumerated at each of the enumeration areas (for Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, there are 70 and 63 enumeration areas, respectively).

Geographic coverage

Whole country

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals ages 15 and above

Universe

The target universe (U) for the 2013 labour and employment survey includes population aged 15 and over (working age population). Sampling units are households; all eligible individuals in sampled households comprise the sample for the survey.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample size of the survey is 50,640 households per quarter, equivalent to 16,880 households per month. Sample size was designed to ensure the statistical significance of data for region by quarter and for province by year. Households were randomly selected from the 15% sample enumeration areas of the Population and Housing Census 2009 following a two-stage procedure: 1. Selecting enumeration areas 2. Selecting households. All residents ages 15 and above were interviewed and enumerated.

Sample Frame: The sample of the 2013 Labour force survey is the two-stage stratified sample, presented for the whole country, urban/rural areas; 6 socio-economic regions, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City for quarterly and all centrally governed cities/provinces for yearly. Each centrally governed province, city constitutes a main stratum with two sub-stratums of urban areas and rural areas. The sample frame is the 15% sample enumeration areas of the 2009 Population and Housing Census.

Sample design: The survey followed a two-stage stratified sampling procedure designed as follows: - Stage 1 (selecting enumeration areas): Each centrally governed city/province constitutes a main stratum, after that, each main stratum was divided into 2 sub-stratums within each representing "urban" and "rural" areas. Then, the list of enumeration areas of cities/provinces (the master sampling frame was taken from the sampling frame 15% of the Population and Housing Census 2009) was divided into 2 independent samples (urban and rural) and enumeration areas were chosen by the Kish method. - Stage 2 (selecting households): for each enumeration area defined in stage 1, 15 enumeration households (55 provinces) or 20 enumeration households (8 provinces: Cao Bang, Bac Kan, Lao Cai, Lai Chau, Kon Tum, Gia Lai, ?ak Nong v? Binh D??ng) were systematically chosen.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Single questionnaire covering: - Household characteristcs - Individual characterists for those ages 15 and over as well as information on economic activity or inactivity