This statistic shows the projected top ten largest national economies in 2050. By 2050, China is forecasted to have a gross domestic product of over ** trillion U.S. dollars.

The impact of climate change has been forecasted to affect the economies of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) the hardest. The maximum projected loss incurred by the ASEAN in the event of a 3.2°C temperature rise is 37.4 percent. This is more than double the forecast loss of the Advanced Asia economies and 10 percent higher than the next largest forecast loss of the Middle East & Africa.

Under current climate policies, Sudan would face a GDP loss of 32 percent by 2050 and a shrinkage of over 80 percent by 2100 due to climate change. According to the source's estimates, this would be the most significant loss among all assessed countries in Africa. Even in a scenario of limiting temperatures to 1.5 degrees Celsius, the damage to Sudan's economy would stand at a GDP reduction of 22 percent by 2050 and 51 percent by 2100. Eight out of 10 countries estimated to record the largest GDP reduction because of climate change globally were located in Africa. The estimates did not consider potential adaptation measures to alleviate the economic loss.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the BRICS countries have been considered the five foremost developing economies in the world. Originally, the term BRIC was used by economists when talking about the emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and China, however these countries have held annual summits since 2009, and the group has expanded to include South Africa since 2010. China has the largest GDP of the BRICS country, at 16.86 trillion U.S. dollars in 2021, while the others are all below three trillion. Combined, the BRICS bloc has a GDP over 25.85 trillion U.S. dollars in 2022, which is slightly more than the United States. BRICS economic development China has consistently been the largest economy of this bloc, and its rapid growth has seen it become the second largest economy in the world, behind the U.S.. China's growth has also been much faster than the other BRICS countries; for example, when compared with the second largest BRICS economy, its GDP was less than double the size of Brazil's in 2000, but is almost six times larger than India's in 2021. Since 2000, the country with the second largest GDP has fluctuated between Brazil, Russia, and India, due to a variety of factors, although India has held this position since 2015 (when the other two experienced recession), and it's growth rate is on track to surpass China's in the coming decade. South Africa has consistently had the smallest economy of the BRICS bloc, and it has just the third largest economy in Africa; its inclusion in this group is due to the fact that it is the most advanced and stable major economy in Africa, and it holds strategic importance due to the financial potential of the continent in the coming decades. Future developments It is predicted that China's GDP will overtake that of the U.S. by the end of the 2020s, to become the largest economy in the world, while some also estimate that India will also overtake the U.S. around the middle of the century. Additionally, the BRICS group is more than just an economic or trading bloc, and its New Development Bank was established in 2014 to invest in sustainable infrastructure and renewable energy across the globe. While relations between its members were often strained or of less significance in the 20th century, their current initiatives have given them a much greater international influence. The traditional great powers represented in the Group of Seven (G7) have seen their international power wane in recent decades, while BRICS countries have seen theirs grow, especially on a regional level. Today, the original BRIC countries combine with the Group of Seven (G7), to make up 11 of the world's 12 largest economies, but it is predicted that they will move further up on this list in the coming decades.

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The bone cement market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5% during the forecast period. Increasing rate of adoption of minimally invasive techniques, drivers.2, and drivers.3 are some of the significant factors fueling bone cement market growth.

Increasing rate of adoption of minimally invasive techniques

Technavio categorizes the global bone cement market as a part of the global healthcare supplies market that primarily covers manufacturers of medical products, including all categories of supplies such as consumables and disposables like safety needles, syringes, and catheters. The parent, global healthcare supplies market, covers products and companies engaged in R&D of a variety of product categories spanned across medical consumables that are used for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. The global healthcare market was valued at $1.72 trillion in 2019 and is expected to grow at a moderate pace. The global healthcare supplies market, which is a part of the global healthcare market, was valued at $27.31 bn in the same year. Technavio calculates the global healthcare supplies market size based on the combined revenue generated by manufacturers of medical supplies such as syringes, drapes, gloves, and gowns. Growth in the global healthcare supplies market will be driven by the following factors: Increasing life expectancy: The proportion of the global population over the age of 60 years is forecast to increase significantly. By 2050, nearly one-fourth of the US population is projected to be over 60 years, while Europe is likely to reach a similar proportion by 2030. Moreover, some large economies in Asia, such as Japan, already has one-third of its population above 60 years of age. China is expected to have almost half of its population above 60 years by around 2050. This geriatric population requires more medical attention leading to higher spending on healthcare. Expanding access to improved healthcare in emerging economies: With good economic growth across emerging markets in Asia and Africa, since 2000, leading to higher income levels, access to healthcare has also improved. The governments are also spending more on healthcare with a focus on improving the quality of care. Most of this growth has come from emerging countries and low-income regions. Sedentary lifestyle gaining pace: Sedentary lifestyle is the consequence of urbanization, an unhealthy diet, and decreasing levels of physical activity. It is a significant global health concern, with about one-fourth of the population in large economies like the US and China leading a physically inactive lifestyle. A sedentary lifestyle is anticipated to influence and change the nature of healthcare spending. Technavio expects healthcare spending to increase and move away from communicable diseases to chronic care. Increase in cases of chronic conditions: The number of chronic disease cases has been rising globally. The majority of the US population currently lives with at least one chronic condition. In 2018, China reached a “tipping point” by recording the highest number of early deaths due to chronic diseases. Going forward, the incidence of chronic cases is expected to be much higher than that of infectious diseases. Increasing number of surgical procedures: The increase in the number of surgical procedures due to the growing prevalence of various disorders requiring surgical interventions, and the rise in chronic conditions, apart from increasing cases of accidents and injuries, is leading to a rise in demand for medical supplies. Growing focus on infection control: Globally, hospital-acquired infections are major sources of concern among people receiving healthcare. For middle- and low-income economies, the rate of infection is much higher compared with patients in developed economies who receive healthcare of better quality. One way of countering this is to improve the conditions of healthcare facilities and provide healthcare supplies of better quality. Demand for better healthcare will push sales: Rapid urbanization in developing economies in Asia has created a demand for a high standard of healthcare and is expected to drive volume sales of healthcare supplies. Growth generated by emerging segments in healthcare: Growing adoption of healthcare supplies for home-based healthcare, home medical devices, and other advanced application areas such as robotic surgery will aid in the growth of this market. Increased healthcare spend is driving healthcare budgets. It is pushing governments to create cost pressure in the sector, which is a challenge. Some of the key cost and other pressures faced by the healthcare sector are listed below. Pricing pressure by governments: To reduce per capita healthcare spending, governments are increasingly trying to reduce costs related to the various stakeholders that include insurers, healthcare institutions, and manufacturers. Reimbursement reforms: To make healthcare more affordable for

50 year Projected Urban Growth scenarios. Base year is 2000. Projected year in this dataset is 2050.

By 2020, most forecasters agree, California will be home to between 43 and 46 million residents-up from 35 million today. Beyond 2020 the size of California's population is less certain. Depending on the composition of the population, and future fertility and migration rates, California's 2050 population could be as little as 50 million or as much as 70 million. One hundred years from now, if present trends continue, California could conceivably have as many as 90 million residents. Where these future residents will live and work is unclear. For most of the 20th Century, two-thirds of Californians have lived south of the Tehachapi Mountains and west of the San Jacinto Mountains-in that part of the state commonly referred to as Southern California. Yet most of coastal Southern California is already highly urbanized, and there is relatively little vacant land available for new development. More recently, slow-growth policies in Northern California and declining developable land supplies in Southern California are squeezing ever more of the state's population growth into the San Joaquin Valley. How future Californians will occupy the landscape is also unclear. Over the last fifty years, the state's population has grown increasingly urban. Today, nearly 95 percent of Californians live in metropolitan areas, mostly at densities less than ten persons per acre. Recent growth patterns have strongly favored locations near freeways, most of which where built in the 1950s and 1960s. With few new freeways on the planning horizon, how will California's future growth organize itself in space? By national standards, California's large urban areas are already reasonably dense, and economic theory suggests that densities should increase further as California's urban regions continue to grow. In practice, densities have been rising in some urban counties, but falling in others.

These are important issues as California plans its long-term future. Will California have enough land of the appropriate types and in the right locations to accommodate its projected population growth? Will future population growth consume ever-greater amounts of irreplaceable resource lands and habitat? Will jobs continue decentralizing, pushing out the boundaries of metropolitan areas? Will development densities be sufficient to support mass transit, or will future Californians be stuck in perpetual gridlock? Will urban and resort and recreational growth in the Sierra Nevada and Trinity Mountain regions lead to the over-fragmentation of precious natural habitat? How much water will be needed by California's future industries, farms, and residents, and where will that water be stored? Where should future highway, transit, and high-speed rail facilities and rights-of-way be located? Most of all, how much will all this growth cost, both economically, and in terms of changes in California's quality of life? Clearly, the more precise our current understanding of how and where California is likely to grow, the sooner and more inexpensively appropriate lands can be acquired for purposes of conservation, recreation, and future facility siting. Similarly, the more clearly future urbanization patterns can be anticipated, the greater our collective ability to undertake sound city, metropolitan, rural, and bioregional planning.

Consider two scenarios for the year 2100. In the first, California's population would grow to 80 million persons and would occupy the landscape at an average density of eight persons per acre, the current statewide urban average. Under this scenario, and assuming that 10% percent of California's future population growth would occur through infill-that is, on existing urban land-California's expanding urban population would consume an additional 5.06 million acres of currently undeveloped land. As an alternative, assume the share of infill development were increased to 30%, and that new population were accommodated at a density of about 12 persons per acre-which is the current average density of the City of Los Angeles. Under this second scenario, California's urban population would consume an additional 2.6 million acres of currently undeveloped land. While both scenarios accommodate the same amount of population growth and generate large increments of additional urban development-indeed, some might say even the second scenario allows far too much growth and development-the second scenario is far kinder to California's unique natural landscape.

This report presents the results of a series of baseline population and urban growth projections for California's 38 urban counties through the year 2100. Presented in map and table form, these projections are based on extrapolations of current population trends and recent urban development trends. The next section, titled Approach, outlines the methodology and data used to develop the various projections. The following section, Baseline Scenario, reviews the projections themselves. A final section, entitled Baseline Impacts, quantitatively assesses the impacts of the baseline projections on wetland, hillside, farmland and habitat loss.

BackgroundHematologic malignancies (HM) impose substantial healthcare and productivity-related costs globally. However, disparities in economic impact across regions and countries remain insufficiently explored. This study aimed to evaluate the global, regional, and national economic burden of HM and its subtypes (leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and Hodgkin lymphoma) from 1990 to 2021, with projections to 2050.MethodsData from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study were utilized to estimate the economic burden of HM using the value of a statistical life year (VSLY) approach, based on disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Decomposition analysis was conducted to identify drivers of economic burden, including population growth and aging. Future trends were modeled using the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model, and comparisons of economic burden were made across countries by income levels.ResultsIn 2021, the global economic burden of HM reached $1.516 trillion, a 52.8% increase from $992 billion in 1990. This represented approximately 1% of the global GDP, with high-income countries (HICs) bearing the largest share of 2.17% of GDP, compared to 0.58% in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). The United States had the highest national burden at $417.42 billion (95% UI: $389.49–$435.80 billion), followed by China $133.84 billion (95% UI: $98.63–$166.21 billion), $113.03 billion (95% UI: $101.62–$122.88 billion), and Japan $88.30 billion (95% UI: $85.65–$90.24 billion). By 2050, the global burden is projected to decline to $1.249 trillion, driven by healthcare advancements in HICs, but with a rising burden in upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), which are expected to account for 48.1% of the global burden. China is projected to lead globally with $421.65 billion (95% UI: $314.68–$1,495.35 billion), followed by India ($123.8 billion), while the United States is expected to decline to $101.6 billion. Subtype-specific analysis revealed that Leukemia accounted for the largest proportion of the burden in 2021 ($651 billion, 42.9%), followed by NHL ($492 billion, 32.5%), multiple myeloma ($278.17 billion, 100.5%), and Hodgkin lymphoma ($43.84 billion, 21%).ConclusionsThe economic burden of HM has increased significantly, with marked disparities across regions and income levels. By 2050, the burden is expected to shift from high- to middle-income countries. Investments in early diagnosis, affordable treatments, and healthcare improvements are essential to reduce the burden and address inequities.

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The bone cement market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5% during the forecast period. Increasing rate of adoption of minimally invasive techniques, drivers.2, and drivers.3 are some of the significant factors fueling bone cement market growth.

Increasing rate of adoption of minimally invasive techniques

Technavio categorizes the global bone cement market as a part of the global healthcare supplies market that primarily covers manufacturers of medical products, including all categories of supplies such as consumables and disposables like safety needles, syringes, and catheters. The parent, global healthcare supplies market, covers products and companies engaged in R&D of a variety of product categories spanned across medical consumables that are used for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. The global healthcare market was valued at $1.72 trillion in 2019 and is expected to grow at a moderate pace. The global healthcare supplies market, which is a part of the global healthcare market, was valued at $27.31 bn in the same year. Technavio calculates the global healthcare supplies market size based on the combined revenue generated by manufacturers of medical supplies such as syringes, drapes, gloves, and gowns. Growth in the global healthcare supplies market will be driven by the following factors: Increasing life expectancy: The proportion of the global population over the age of 60 years is forecast to increase significantly. By 2050, nearly one-fourth of the US population is projected to be over 60 years, while Europe is likely to reach a similar proportion by 2030. Moreover, some large economies in Asia, such as Japan, already has one-third of its population above 60 years of age. China is expected to have almost half of its population above 60 years by around 2050. This geriatric population requires more medical attention leading to higher spending on healthcare. Expanding access to improved healthcare in emerging economies: With good economic growth across emerging markets in Asia and Africa, since 2000, leading to higher income levels, access to healthcare has also improved. The governments are also spending more on healthcare with a focus on improving the quality of care. Most of this growth has come from emerging countries and low-income regions. Sedentary lifestyle gaining pace: Sedentary lifestyle is the consequence of urbanization, an unhealthy diet, and decreasing levels of physical activity. It is a significant global health concern, with about one-fourth of the population in large economies like the US and China leading a physically inactive lifestyle. A sedentary lifestyle is anticipated to influence and change the nature of healthcare spending. Technavio expects healthcare spending to increase and move away from communicable diseases to chronic care. Increase in cases of chronic conditions: The number of chronic disease cases has been rising globally. The majority of the US population currently lives with at least one chronic condition. In 2018, China reached a “tipping point” by recording the highest number of early deaths due to chronic diseases. Going forward, the incidence of chronic cases is expected to be much higher than that of infectious diseases. Increasing number of surgical procedures: The increase in the number of surgical procedures due to the growing prevalence of various disorders requiring surgical interventions, and the rise in chronic conditions, apart from increasing cases of accidents and injuries, is leading to a rise in demand for medical supplies. Growing focus on infection control: Globally, hospital-acquired infections are major sources of concern among people receiving healthcare. For middle- and low-income economies, the rate of infection is much higher compared with patients in developed economies who receive healthcare of better quality. One way of countering this is to improve the conditions of healthcare facilities and provide healthcare supplies of better quality. Demand for better healthcare will push sales: Rapid urbanization in developing economies in Asia has created a demand for a high standard of healthcare and is expected to drive volume sales of healthcare supplies. Growth generated by emerging segments in healthcare: Growing adoption of healthcare supplies for home-based healthcare, home medical devices, and other advanced application areas such as robotic surgery will aid in the growth of this market. Increased healthcare spend is driving healthcare budgets. It is pushing governments to create cost pressure in the sector, which is a challenge. Some of the key cost and other pressures faced by the healthcare sector are listed below. Pricing pressure by governments: To reduce per capita healthcare spending, governments are increasingly trying to reduce costs related to the various stakeholders that include insurers, healthcare institutions, and manufacturers. Reimbursement reforms: To make healthcare more affordable for

As per Cognitive Market Research's latest published report, the Global Non-Stick Cookware market size will be $13,628.21 Million by 2028.The Global Non-Stick Cookware Industry's Compound Annual Growth Rate will 3.73% from 2023 to 2030.

The North America Non-Stick Cookware market size will be USD 4,572.27 Million by 2028.

Factors Affecting the Non Stick Cookware Market

Increasing population ratio and rapid urbanization in emerging countries

China and India are the world's biggest creating economies and furthermore two of the most crowded nations. China, which presently has more than 1.3 billion individuals, is required to develop to more than 1.4 billion by 2050, and India with a population of 1 billion will surpass China to be the most crowded nation with about a 1.6 billion population. These population giants are home to 37% of the total population today. Also, China and India have made eminent progress in their financial improvement described by a high pace of GDP development over the most recent two decades. Together the two nations account as of now for just about a fifth of world GDP.

Developing nations, for example, India and China have abounding population besting the one-billion imprints; both experienced the progress from a shut economy to a more market–situated commitment with the outside world in exchange and speculation; and both to date are in the procedures of industrialization and modernization joined by significant rates of economic growth.

The rapid urbanization in many countries including developed nations over the past 50 years appears to have been joined by unnecessarily elevated levels of grouping of the urban population in extremely enormous urban communities. In any case, in a develop arrangement of urban communities, economic activity is increasingly spread out. Since forever, urban areas have been the primary habitats of learning, culture and development.

It is not surprising that the world's most urban countries tend to be the richest and have the highest human development. Progressing rapid urbanization can possibly improve the prosperity of social orders. Albeit just around a large portion of the world's kin live in urban areas, they create in excess of 80 percent of Global Domestic Product (GDP).

Due to growing population and urbanization people spending capacity has also increased gradually. People give preference to the health development. Additionally, increasing urbanization results in surging nuclear family which enhances the demand for kitchen appliances and cookware. Moreover, rise in working-class population prefers quickly made home-cooked healthy food with the help of modern kitchen appliances that results in mounting of demand for non-stick cookware.

Following graph shows the, world's population who lives in urban area. Also, every region provides the growth ratio of their population from year 1990 till forecast year 2050. All in one this analysis shows how population growth impacts on rapid urbanization. According to graph, Asia Pacific region’s population growth is expected to grow in forecast period.

Varieties of non-stick cookware and wide availability in retail channels

Restraints for Non-Stick Cookware Market

Availability of substitute products. (Access Detailed Analysis in the Full Report Version)

Opportunities for Non-Stick Cookware Market

Rise in disposable income and spending habits. (Access Detailed Analysis in the Full Report Version)

Introduction of Non Stick Cookware

A non-stick cookware is a kitchen cookware such as non-stick pans that has a non-stick surface engineered to reduce the ability of other materials to stick to it. It ensures quick proper cooking of the food in the cookware without sticking. The commonly used non-stick coating cookware is Teflon, ceramic coated cookware.

There are various benefits of non-stick cookware such as affordable, lightweight, easy to handle provides easy cleaning of food. The non-stick cookware in form of frying pans, saucepan, griller, casseroles are made up of different coating material such as Teflon, ceramic coated, anodized aluminum, these are durable, user-friendly, scratch resistant and are stable at temperature till 300 degree Celsius. They use less oil and allows even heat distribution that enhances the flavors of dish and quick heating enables quicker cooking of t...

By 2050, the United States is expected to have the largest economic loss due to water risk than any other country across the globe. China follows in second, but by a wide margin, with an estimated GDP loss of ***** billion U.S. dollars between 2022 and 2050.

It is estimated that more than 8 billion people live on Earth and the population is likely to hit more than 9 billion by 2050. Approximately 55 percent of Earth’s human population currently live in areas classified as urban. That number is expected to grow by 2050 to 68 percent, according to the United Nations (UN).The largest cities in the world include Tōkyō, Japan; New Delhi, India; Shanghai, China; México City, Mexico; and São Paulo, Brazil. Each of these cities classifies as a megacity, a city with more than 10 million people. The UN estimates the world will have 43 megacities by 2030.Most cities' populations are growing as people move in for greater economic, educational, and healthcare opportunities. But not all cities are expanding. Those cities whose populations are declining may be experiencing declining fertility rates (the number of births is lower than the number of deaths), shrinking economies, emigration, or have experienced a natural disaster that resulted in fatalities or forced people to leave the region.This Global Cities map layer contains data published in 2018 by the Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA). It shows urban agglomerations. The UN DESA defines an urban agglomeration as a continuous area where population is classified at urban levels (by the country in which the city resides) regardless of what local government systems manage the area. Since not all places record data the same way, some populations may be calculated using the city population as defined by its boundary and the metropolitan area. If a reliable estimate for the urban agglomeration was unable to be determined, the population of the city or metropolitan area is used.Data Citation: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision. Statistical Papers - United Nations (ser. A), Population and Vital Statistics Report, 2019, https://doi.org/10.18356/b9e995fe-en.

Policy makers, analysts, and civil society face increasing challenges to reducing hunger and improving food security in a sustainable way. Modeling alternative future scenarios and assessing their outcomes can help inform their choices. The International Food Policy Research Institute's IMPACT model is an integrated system of linked economic, climate, water, and crop models that allows for exploration such scenarios. At IMPACT's core is a partial equilibrium, multimarket economic model that simulates national and international agricultural markets. Links to climate, water, and crop models support the integrated study of changing environmental, biophysical, and socioeconomic trends, allowing for in-depth analysis of a variety of critical issues of interest to policy makers at national, regional, and global levels. IMPACT benefits from close interactions with scientists at all 15 CGIAR research centers through the Global Futures and Strategic Foresight (GFSF) program, and with other leading global economic modeling efforts around the world through Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP). This dataset summarizes results from the latest IMPACT projections to 2030 and 2050. Results are included for production, consumption, and trade of major food commodity groups, by regions and country. The projections are for two "baseline scenarios"-one considers the impacts of climate change, while the assumes no climate change (for comparison).

Noncommunicable diseases and mental health conditions (referred to collectively as NMHs) are the greatest cause of preventable death, illness, and disability in South America and negatively affect countries’ economic performance through their detrimental impacts on labor supply and capital investments. Sound, evidence-based policy-making requires a deep understanding of the macroeconomic costs of NMHs and of their distribution across countries and diseases. The paper estimates and projects the macroeconomic burden of NMHs over the period 2020–2050 in 10 South American countries. We estimate the impact of NMHs on gross domestic product (GDP) through a human capital-augmented production function approach, accounting for mortality and morbidity effects of NMHs on labor supply, for the impact of treatment costs on physical capital accumulation, and for variations in human capital by age. Our central estimates suggest that the overall burden of NMHs in these countries amounts to $7.3 trillion (2022 international $, 3% discount rate, 95% confidence interval: $6.8–$7.8 trillion). Overall, the macroeconomic burden of NMHs is around 4% of total GDP over 2020–2050, with little variation across countries (from 3.2% in Peru to 4.5% in Brazil). In other words, without NMHs, annual GDP over 2020–2050 would be about 4% larger. In most countries, the largest macroeconomic burden is associated with cancers. Results from the paper point to a significant macroeconomic burden of NMHs in South America and provide a strong justification for investment in NMH prevention, early detection, treatment, and formal and informal care.

By applying Supply-demand Balance Analysis, the water resource supply and demand of the whole river basin and each county or district were calculated, based on which the vulnerability of the water resources system of the basin was evaluated. The IPAT equation was used to set a future water resource demand scenario, setting variables such as future population growth rate, economic growth rate, and unit GDP water consumption to establish the scenario. By taking 2005 as the base year and using assorted forecasting data of population size and economic scale, the future water demand scenarios of various counties and cities from 2010 to 2050 were forecast. By applying the basic structure of the HBV conceptual hydrological model of the Swedish Hydrometeorological Institute, a model of the variation tendency of the basin under climate change was designed. The glacial melting scenario was used as the model input to construct the runoff scenario under climate change. According to the national regulations of the water resources allocation of the basin, a water distribution plan was set up to calculate the water supply comprehensively. Considering of the supply and demand situation, the water resource system vulnerability was evaluated by the water shortage rate. By calculating the (grain production) land pressure index of the major counties and cities in the basin, the balance of supply and demand of land resources under the climate change, glacial melt and population growth scenarios was analyzed, and the vulnerability of the agricultural system was evaluated. The Miami formula and HANPP model were used to calculate the human appropriation of net primary biomass and primary biomass in the major counties and cities for the future, and the vulnerability of ecosystems from the perspective of supply and demand balance was assessed.

By applying Supply-demand Balance Analysis, the water resource supply and demand of the whole river basin and each county or district were calculated, on which basis the vulnerability of the water resources system of the basin was evaluated. The IPAT equation was used to set a future water resource demand scenario, setting variables such as future population growth rate, economic growth rate, and unit GDP water consumption to establish the scenario. By taking 2005 as the base year and using assorted forecasting data of population size and economic scale, the future water demand scenarios of various counties and cities from 2010 to 2050 were predicted. By applying the basic structure of the HBV conceptual hydrological model of the Swedish Hydrometeorological Institute, a model of the variation tendency of the basin under climate change was designed. The glacial melting scenario was used as the model input to construct the runoff scenario under climate change. According to the national regulations for the water resources allocation of the basin, a water distribution plan was set up to calculate the water supply comprehensively. Considering the supply and demand situation, the water resource system vulnerability was evaluated by the water shortage rate. By calculating the (grain production) land pressure index of the major counties and cities in the basin, the balance of supply and demand of land resources under the climate change, glacial melt and population growth scenarios was analyzed, and the vulnerability of the agricultural system was evaluated. The Miami formula and HANPP model were used to calculate the human appropriation of net primary biomass and primary biomass in the major counties and cities for the future, and the vulnerability of ecosystems from the perspective of supply and demand balance was assessed.

In 2023, the estimated total GDP of all ASEAN states amounted to approximately 3.8 trillion U.S. dollars, a significant increase from the previous years. In fact, the GDP of the ASEAN region has been skyrocketing for a few years now, reflecting the region’s thriving economy. Power in the EastThe Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) comprises Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. It was established in 1967 among five of these countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, and the Philippines) to facilitate trade and economic growth, as well as promote cultural development and social structures in the region. To date, they have been joined by another five nations. The ASEAN marketThe founding of the ASEAN organization provides the collaborating nations with more autonomy and influence on the global economy than they would have had by themselves. Additionally, struggling participating countries, such as Laos, are given an opportunity to grow on an ASEAN single market.

The economic losses due to water risk across the globe are projected to increase in the following decades. By 2050, the cumulative gross domestic product (GDP) loss worldwide is estimated to reach 5.6 trillion U.S. dollars. Furthermore, the country that is expected to have the largest GDP loss as a result of water hazard between 2022 and 2050 is the United States, with an estimated economic impact of some 3.7 trillion U.S. dollars.

From 2020 to 2050, the largest economic loss due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was expected to be in the World Bank region of East Asia and Pacific, with an estimated impact of around ***** billion 2017 international dollars. This was followed by the region of North America, with ***** billion 2017 international dollars worth of economic loss due to COPD.

The statistic shows the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in Canada from 1987 to 2023, with projections up until 2029. In 2023, the gross domestic product per capita in Canada was around 53,607.4 U.S. dollars. Canada's economy GDP per capita is a measurement often used to determine economic growth and potential increases in productivity and is calculated by taking the GDP and dividing it by the total population in the country. In 2014, Canada had one of the largest GDP per capita values in the world, a value that has grown continuously since 2010 after experiencing a slight downturn due to the financial crisis of 2008. Canada is seen as one of the premier countries in the world, particularly due to its strong economy and healthy international relations, most notably with the United States. Canada and the United States have political, social and economical similarities that further strengthen their relationship. The United States was and continues to be Canada’s primary and most important trade partner and vice versa. Canada’s economy is partly supported by its exports, most notably crude oil, which was the country’s largest export category. Canada was also one of the world’s leading oil exporters in 2013, exporting more than the United States. Additionally, Canada was also a major exporter of goods such as motor vehicles and mechanical appliances, which subsequently ranked the country as one of the world’s top export countries in 2013.

As of 2020, Russia had the highest energy intensity when compared to all other regions and countries worldwide. The energy intensity value in Russia is ***** British thermal units per 2015 dollar of GDP (PPP) and the forecasted value for 2050 is ***** British thermal units per 2015 dollar of GDP (PPP). Russia was followed by Canada.