Rank, number of deaths, percentage of deaths, and age-specific mortality rates for the leading causes of death, by age group and sex, 2000 to most recent year.

In 2019, the leading causes of death globally included ischemic heart disease, stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There were **** million deaths from ischemic heart disease at that time and about **** million deaths caused by stroke. In recent history, increases in life expectancy, increases in population and better standards of living have changed the leading causes of death over time. Non-Communicable Disease Deaths The number of deaths due to non-communicable diseases has remained relatively stable in recent years. A large majority of non-communicable or chronic disease deaths globally are caused by cardiovascular diseases, followed by cancer. Various lifestyle choices cause or exacerbate many of these chronic diseases. Drinking, smoking and lack of exercise can contribute to higher rates of non-communicable diseases and early death. It is estimated that the relative risk of death before the age of 65 was ** times greater among those that smoked and never quit. Infectious Disease Deaths Trends indicate that the number of deaths due to infectious diseases have decreased in recent years. However, infectious diseases still disproportionately impact low- and middle-income countries. In 2021, tuberculosis, malaria and HIV/AIDS were still among the leading causes of death in low-income countries. However, the leading causes of death in upper income countries are almost exclusively non-communicable, chronic conditions.

The table shows the standardised death rate by major causes of death worldwide, 2018 [per 100 000 inhabitants]*

This dataset contains counts of deaths for California counties based on information entered on death certificates. Final counts are derived from static data and include out-of-state deaths to California residents, whereas provisional counts are derived from incomplete and dynamic data. Provisional counts are based on the records available when the data was retrieved and may not represent all deaths that occurred during the time period. Deaths involving injuries from external or environmental forces, such as accidents, homicide and suicide, often require additional investigation that tends to delay certification of the cause and manner of death. This can result in significant under-reporting of these deaths in provisional data.

The final data tables include both deaths that occurred in each California county regardless of the place of residence (by occurrence) and deaths to residents of each California county (by residence), whereas the provisional data table only includes deaths that occurred in each county regardless of the place of residence (by occurrence). The data are reported as totals, as well as stratified by age, gender, race-ethnicity, and death place type. Deaths due to all causes (ALL) and selected underlying cause of death categories are provided. See temporal coverage for more information on which combinations are available for which years.

The cause of death categories are based solely on the underlying cause of death as coded by the International Classification of Diseases. The underlying cause of death is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "the disease or injury which initiated the train of events leading directly to death, or the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury." It is a single value assigned to each death based on the details as entered on the death certificate. When more than one cause is listed, the order in which they are listed can affect which cause is coded as the underlying cause. This means that similar events could be coded with different underlying causes of death depending on variations in how they were entered. Consequently, while underlying cause of death provides a convenient comparison between cause of death categories, it may not capture the full impact of each cause of death as it does not always take into account all conditions contributing to the death.

Background: This study aimed to present and analyze the causes of death in the Korean population in 2019. Methods: Based on the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, the 10th revision, cause-of-death data for 2019 from Statistics Korea, were examined. Results: There was a total of 295,110 deaths, dropping 3,710 (-1.27%) from 2018. The crude death rate (the number of death per 100,000 people) was 574.8, a 7.6 (-1.3%) reduction from 2018. The 10 leading causes of death, in order, were malignant neoplasms, heart diseases, pneumonia, cerebrovascular diseases, intentional self-harm, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, liver diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases, and hypertensive diseases. Within the category of malignant neoplasms, the top five leading organs of involvement were the lung, liver, colon, stomach, and pancreas, which were the same to order in 2018. Alzheimer's disease rose to the seventh leading cause of death from the ninth in 2018. It ranked as the female's fifth leading cause of death. Pneumonia became the female's third leading cause of death Conclusion: These changes reflect the increase of female people over 65 years of age, who are vulnerable to cognitive disorders and infectious diseases. The Korean government has to take urgent preventive and therapeutic action against dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease.

This dataset contains counts of deaths for California as a whole based on information entered on death certificates. Final counts are derived from static data and include out-of-state deaths to California residents, whereas provisional counts are derived from incomplete and dynamic data. Provisional counts are based on the records available when the data was retrieved and may not represent all deaths that occurred during the time period. Deaths involving injuries from external or environmental forces, such as accidents, homicide and suicide, often require additional investigation that tends to delay certification of the cause and manner of death. This can result in significant under-reporting of these deaths in provisional data.

The final data tables include both deaths that occurred in California regardless of the place of residence (by occurrence) and deaths to California residents (by residence), whereas the provisional data table only includes deaths that occurred in California regardless of the place of residence (by occurrence). The data are reported as totals, as well as stratified by age, gender, race-ethnicity, and death place type. Deaths due to all causes (ALL) and selected underlying cause of death categories are provided. See temporal coverage for more information on which combinations are available for which years.

The cause of death categories are based solely on the underlying cause of death as coded by the International Classification of Diseases. The underlying cause of death is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "the disease or injury which initiated the train of events leading directly to death, or the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury." It is a single value assigned to each death based on the details as entered on the death certificate. When more than one cause is listed, the order in which they are listed can affect which cause is coded as the underlying cause. This means that similar events could be coded with different underlying causes of death depending on variations in how they were entered. Consequently, while underlying cause of death provides a convenient comparison between cause of death categories, it may not capture the full impact of each cause of death as it does not always take into account all conditions contributing to the death.

The statistic shows the distribution of leading causes of neonatal deaths and deaths among children aged 1 to 59 months worldwide in 2018. In that year, preterm birth complications were the leading cause of neonatal deaths with a share of 16 percent, whereas pneumonia was the leading cause of death among children aged 1 to 59 months with a share of 12 percent.

In 2013, the main causes of death in France was cancer. That year 163,602 French individuals died of cancer, regardless of gender. Diseases appear to be the leading causes of death in Europe and Western countries. Ischaemic heart diseases, as well as other circulatory system diseases kill millions of Europeans every year.

Diseases are the leading causes of death in France and worldwide

In 2018, there were more than 601,000 deaths in France. Most of them were caused by cancer and other diseases. Tumor is the leading cause of death among French men, while women seem more affected by heart diseases. In Europe in 2016, the cause of death with the greatest likelihood of death was cancer, which occurred in 265 people out of every 100,000 Europeans. Despite the development of medicine and technological progress, health issues like cancers keep being the main causes of death among the human population.

The increase of life expectancy

Even though tumors and other heart diseases are responsible for the majority of deaths in the world, it appears that medical advances in the last years and decades have a real impact on mortality rate worldwide. Between 2007 and 2017 alone, the global death rate went from 8.08 deaths per 1,000 inhabitants to 7.62. Similarly, the global child mortality rate has fallen steadily across the world since the sixties. These different factors had led to an increase of life expectancy. In 2016, the average life expectancy at birth worldwide reached 72 years, compared to 64 years in 1990.

Age-standardized incidence-based mortality rates, and annual percent changes in primary liver cancer rates, 1978–2018.

Number of deaths and mortality rates, by age group, sex, and place of residence, 1991 to most recent year.

We present 10 tables with different, related data. Table 1 is the result of an extensive narrative literature review depicting published national secular suicide trends extending by at least a century. Table 2 pinpoints all reforms in the statistical national system by year, period and political regimen since 1886. In Table 3, we relate different consecutive versions of international classification of diseases and causes of death, by year of international approval and periodic implementation in the national statistical system, also by period of political regimen, depicting periods when different data was made accessible (sex, age), when categories of causes of external death begun to be collected (total external, suicide, accidents, undetermined), and types of dates were apt to be estimated (eg., crude death rates, age-standardised death rates, age-specific death rates); Table 3 also shows a cumulative index of years and attributes bibliographic primary sources for each line of data since 1886. Table 4 presents economic cycles – recession, stagnation, expansion –, in Portugal, by year, political regimen, with indicated sources, since 1886. Tables 5 to 9 present yearly raw numbers, crude death rates of suicide, accidents, and undetermined deaths, by sex, since 1886 for suicide and 1971 for accidents and undetermined deaths; and age-standardised death rates for the population aged more than 15 years old, by sex, since 1913 for suicide, and 1971 both for accidents and undetermined deaths. Table 10 lists the reference sources for mortality primary data and nosology changes by yearly periods. Finally, Figures shows structural changes and breakpoints, from 1913-2018, by sex and group of cause of death, taking general mortality as a gold standard.

The statistic shows the distribution of causes of death among newborns worldwide in 2018. In that year, preterm birth complications were the leading cause of death among newborns with a share of 35 percent, followed by intrapartum-related events with a share of 24 percent.

BackgroundEndometrial cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer among females and about 97,000 global deaths of endometrial cancer. The changes in the trends of obesity, fertility rates and other risk factors in South Africa (SA) may impact the endometrial cancer trends. The aim of this study was to utilise the age period cohort and join point regression modelling to evaluate the national and ethnic trends in endometrial cancer mortality in South Africa over a 20year period (1999–2018).MethodsData from Statistics South Africa was obtained to calculate the annual number of deaths, and annual crude and age standardised mortality rates (ASMR) of endometrial cancer from 1999–2018. The overall and ethnic trends of endometrial cancer mortality was assessed using the Join point regression model, while Age-period-cohort (APC) regression modelling was conducted to estimate the effect of age, calendar period and birth cohort.ResultsDuring the period 1999–2018, 4,877 deaths were due to endometrial cancer which constituted about 3.6% of breast and gynecological cancer deaths (3.62%, 95% CI: 3.52%–3.72%) in South Africa. The ASMR of endometrial cancer doubled from 0.76 deaths per 100,000 women in 1999 to 1.5 deaths per 100,000 women in 2018, with an average annual rise of 3.6% per annum. (Average Annual Percentage change (AAPC): 3.6%, 95%CI:2.7–4.4, P-value < 0.001). In 2018, the overall mean age at death for endometrial cancer was was 67.40 ± 11.04 years and, the ASMR of endometrial cancer among Indian/Asians (1.69 per 100,000 women), Blacks (1.63 per 100,000 women) and Coloreds (1.39 per 100,000 women) was more than doubled the rates among Whites (0.66 deaths per 100,000 women). Indian/Asians had stable rates while other ethnic groups had increased rates. The Cohort mortality risk ratio (RR) of endometrial cancer increased with successive birth cohort from 1924 to 1963 (RR increased from 0.2 to 1.00), and subsequently declined among successive cohorts from 1963 to 1998 (1.00 to 0.09). There was strong age and cohort but not period effect among the South African women. Ethnic disparity showed that there was age effect among all the ethnic groups; Cohort effect among Blacks and Coloureds only, while Period effect occurred only among Blacks.ConclusionsThe mortality rates of endometrial cancer doubled over a twenty-year period in South Africa from 1999–2018. There was strong ethnic disparity, with age and cohort effect on endometrial cancer trends. Thus, targeted efforts geared towards prevention and prompt treatment of endometrial cancer among the high-risk groups should be pursued by stake holders.

Disease groupings for the cause of death analysis using the World Health Organisation’s ICD-11 for mortality and morbidity statistics.

The global unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treatment market size was valued at USD 1,837.8 million in 2022 and is expected to expand at a CAGR of 11.2% from 2023 to 2030. The increasing prevalence of liver cancer, the rising adoption of systemic therapies, and the growing demand for targeted therapies are key factors driving the market growth. The rising prevalence of liver cancer is a major factor driving the market growth. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), liver cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with over 840,000 new cases and 780,000 deaths in 2018. The increasing prevalence of liver cancer is attributed to factors such as the rising incidence of hepatitis B and C infections, alcohol abuse, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The growing demand for targeted therapies is another factor contributing to the market growth. Targeted therapies are drugs that specifically target cancer cells, avoiding damage to healthy cells. This makes them more effective and less toxic than traditional chemotherapy drugs.

Antibodies In Oncology Market Outlook

The global market size for antibodies in oncology was valued at approximately USD 130 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach around USD 280 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 8.5% during the forecast period. This substantial growth is driven by the increasing prevalence of various types of cancer, advancements in biotechnology, and the rising demand for targeted therapy options. Antibodies, particularly monoclonal antibodies, have become a cornerstone in cancer treatment due to their ability to specifically target cancer cells while minimizing damage to normal tissues.

One of the major growth factors in the antibodies in oncology market is the rising incidence of cancer globally. With cancer rates escalating, there is a heightened demand for effective treatment options, thereby driving the market for oncology antibodies. As per WHO statistics, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018. This escalating burden of cancer is pushing the demand for innovative and effective therapeutic options like antibodies, which provide targeted treatment with better efficacy and fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy.

Technological advancements in the field of biotechnology and genetic engineering are also playing a crucial role in the growth of the antibodies in oncology market. Breakthrough innovations such as bispecific antibodies, which can bind to two different antigens simultaneously, and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) that combine the specificity of antibodies with the potency of cytotoxic drugs, are offering new avenues for cancer treatment. These advancements not only enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapies but also widen the scope of antibodies' application in oncology, thus propelling market growth.

Another significant factor contributing to the market's growth is the increasing investment in cancer research and development by both public and private sectors. Governments worldwide are allocating substantial funds for cancer research initiatives, promoting the development of new and improved antibody therapies. Additionally, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies are heavily investing in R&D activities to bring innovative antibody-based treatments to market. This surge in research investments is expected to lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic antibodies, further boosting the market during the forecast period.

Monoclonal Antibody Adc Drugs are gaining significant attention in the oncology market due to their unique mechanism of action that combines the targeting capabilities of monoclonal antibodies with the potent cell-killing ability of cytotoxic drugs. This innovative approach allows for the direct delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to cancer cells, thereby reducing the impact on healthy cells and minimizing side effects. The development of Monoclonal Antibody Adc Drugs is a testament to the advancements in precision medicine, offering new hope for patients with difficult-to-treat cancers. As research continues to uncover new targets and improve the efficacy of these drugs, they are expected to play a crucial role in the future of cancer therapy, providing more personalized and effective treatment options.

Regionally, North America holds the largest share in the antibodies in oncology market, driven by the high prevalence of cancer, well-established healthcare infrastructure, and significant investment in research and development. Europe is also a significant market due to the growing elderly population and increasing incidence of cancer. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate over the forecast period, attributed to the rising healthcare expenditure, improving healthcare infrastructure, and increasing patient awareness regarding advanced cancer therapies. Emerging markets in Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also showing promising growth prospects as healthcare access and cancer diagnostic capabilities improve.

Product Type Analysis

The product type segment of the antibodies in oncology market is categorized into monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and others. Monoclonal antibodies dominate this segment due to their widespread application in various cancer treatment

BR: Specialist Surgical Workforce: per 100,000 population data was reported at 55.470 Number in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 34.740 Number for 2016. BR: Specialist Surgical Workforce: per 100,000 population data is updated yearly, averaging 34.740 Number from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2018, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 55.470 Number in 2018 and a record low of 31.930 Number in 2013. BR: Specialist Surgical Workforce: per 100,000 population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Specialist surgical workforce is the number of specialist surgical, anaesthetic, and obstetric (SAO) providers who are working in each country per 100,000 population.;Data collected by the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery (www.lancetglobalsurgery.org); Data collected by WHO Collaborating Centre for Surgery and Public Health at Lund University from various sources including Ministries of Health or equivalent national regulatory bodies, national official entities such as medical councils, Eurostat, OECD, WHO Euro Health For All Database, WHO EURO Technical resources for health Database; BMJ Glob Health.;Weighted average;

Content

Widely available data on confirmed cases only becomes meaningful when it can be interpreted in light of how much a country is testing. This is why Our World in Data built the global database on COVID-19 testing [1]. The additional smoothing and per capita rates make different countries (somewhat) comparable.

Our World in Data also had a good overview of global cause of death two years ago [2] I shared that data as well for additional comparisons.

Acknowledgements

[1] Max Roser, Hannah Ritchie, Esteban Ortiz-Ospina and Joe Hasell (2020) - "Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)". Published online at OurWorldInData.org. https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus

[2] Hannah Ritchie (2018) - "Causes of Death". Published online at OurWorldInData.org. https://ourworldindata.org/causes-of-death

Inspiration

• First and second wave differences in Europe
• Global Forecasting for total 2020 numbers
• Covid death toll compared to main cause of death

In 2022, the leading causes of death among children and adolescents in the United States aged 10 to 14 were unintentional injuries, intentional self-harm (suicide), and cancer. That year, unintentional injuries accounted for around 25 percent of all deaths among this age group. Leading causes of death among older teens Like those aged 10 to 14 years, the leading cause of death among older teenagers in the U.S. aged 15 to 19 years is unintentional injuries. In 2022, unintentional injuries accounted for around 37 percent of all deaths among older teens. However, unlike those aged 10 to 14, the second leading cause of death among teens aged 15 to 19 is assault or homicide. Sadly, the third leading cause of death among this age group is suicide, making suicide among the leading three causes of death for both age groups. Teen suicide Suicide remains a major problem among teenagers in the United States, as reflected in the leading causes of death among this age group. It was estimated that in 2021, around 22 percent of high school students in the U.S. considered attempting suicide in the past year, with this rate twice as high for girls than for boys. The states with the highest death rates due to suicide among adolescents aged 15 to 19 years are Montana, South Dakota, and New Mexico. In 2022, the death rate from suicide among this age group in Montana was 39 per 100,000 population. In comparison, New York, the state with the lowest rate, had just five suicide deaths among those aged 15 to 19 years per 100,000 population.

BackgroundInfectious diseases remain one of the leading causes of death among children worldwide. This study aims to analyze the burden and trends of infectious diseases among children aged 0–14 years in China from 1990 to 2021, and evaluate their gender- and age-specific impacts.MethodsThis study utilizes data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 to analyze mortality, incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR), age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) for infectious diseases in Chinese children. Statistical analysis was performed using R and ggplot2.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2021, China observed substantial declines in pediatric infectious disease burdens. Acute hepatitis mortality decreased from 7,349 deaths (95% UI:5,987–9,059) to 87 (EAPC: −13.78), with a fivefold reduction in ASMR. Enteric infections exhibited the steepest decline: incidence dropped by 86% (EAPC: −6.72), and ASDR fell from 2,257 to 67/100,000. HIV/AIDS deaths rose from 62 to 555 (EAPC:8.28), though post-2018 declines emerged. By 2021, lower respiratory infections remained the leading cause of death (ASMR:5.11/100,000), while upper respiratory infections had the highest incidence. Females showed faster reductions in enteric (EAPC: −7.44 vs. −6.20) and lower respiratory infections (EAPC: −10.39 vs. −9.76). Children under 5 faced the highest burden, particularly for lower respiratory infections (ASMR:13.02/100,000).ConclusionThe overall burden of infectious diseases among children in China has declined, especially for enteric infections and acute hepatitis. The burden of pediatric HIV/AIDS has also decreased in recent years, though adolescent HIV/AIDS education remains a key area of concern. Children under 5 continue to represent the highest burden group. While China’s infectious disease control measures and immunization programs have played a vital role, further strengthening policies to address ongoing challenges is essential for effectively reducing the burden of infectious diseases and achieving the Healthy China 2030 goals.