As of December 2023, the proportion of the Australian population that lived in New South Wales amounted to 31.3 percent. The Northern Territory had the least number of residents in the country, with less than one percent of the population residing there.

As of June 2023, there were approximately 8.33 million residents in the New South Wales region in Australia. In comparison, there were around 252 thousand residents in the Northern Territory region.

According to the 2016 Australian census, 33.6 percent of Australia's overseas born population lived in the state of New South Wales. Tasmania and the Northern Territory were home to the smallest proportion of overseas-born people living in Australia, with a combined share of less than two percent.

In June 2022, it was estimated that around 7.3 percent of Australians were aged between 25 and 29, and the same applied to people aged between 30 and 34. All in all, about 55 percent of Australia’s population was aged 35 years or older as of June 2022. At the same time, the age distribution of the country also shows that the share of children under 14 years old was still higher than that of people over 65 years old. A breakdown of Australia’s population growth Australia is the sixth-largest country in the world, yet with a population of around 26 million inhabitants, it is only sparsely populated. Since the 1970s, the population growth of Australia has remained fairly constant. While there was a slight rise in the Australian death rate in 2022, the birth rate of the country decreased after a slight rise in the previous year. The fact that the birth rate is almost double the size of its death rate gives the country one of the highest natural population growth rates of any high-income country.
National distribution of the population Australia’s population is expected to surpass 28 million people by 2028. The majority of its inhabitants live in the major cities. The most populated states are New South Wales, Victoria, and Queensland. Together, they account for over 75 percent of the population in Australia.

As of November 25, 2022 the number of COVID-19 cases in the Australian state of Victoria was at 40,482 people per 100,000 of the population. Since mid-2021, uncontained outbreaks in NSW and Victoria caused the government to move away from its former 'Covid zero' approach.

The economic impact of lockdown measures

In March of 2020, one survey showed that over 70 percent of Australians expected the economic outlook in Australia to get worse in the next three months. For most industries this prediction was correct, with the worst hit industries being hospitality, tourism, and gyms and fitness. However, some businesses flourished under the shift in pandemic consumer behavior with food delivery services, homewares and online gambling showing significant increases in consumption.

Estimated Resident Population (ERP) is the official measure of the Australian population. ERP for sub-state regions (including SA2s and LGAs) is published annually, with a reference date of 30 June. ERP is the official measure of the Australian population, based on the concept of usual residence. It refers to all people, regardless of nationality, citizenship or legal status, who usually live in Australia, with the exception of foreign diplomatic personnel and their families. It includes usual residents who are overseas for less than 12 months over a 16-month period. It excludes those who are in Australia for less than 12 months over a 16-month period. Data is final for 1991 to 2011, revised for 2012 to 2014, and preliminary for 2015. Data sourced from: http://stat.abs.gov.au/. Refer to the source data for further information: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Explanatory%20Notes/3218.0. For further information about these and related statistics, contact the National Information and Referral Services on 1300 135 070. Periodicity: Annual. Data current as of 30/03/2016.

This dataset presents the footprint of the number and per cent of low birthweight live births, by the mother's usual place of residence. The data spans the year of 2016 and is aggregated to Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3) from the 2011 Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS).

The data is sourced from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC). The NPDC began in 1991 and is a collaborative effort by the AIHW and state and territory health departments. Perinatal data are collected for each birth in each state and territory, usually by midwives and other birth attendants. The data are collated by the relevant state or territory health department and a standard de-identified extract is provided to the AIHW on an annual basis to form the NPDC. The NPDC covers both live births and stillbirths, where gestational age is at least 20 weeks or birth weight is at least 400 grams, except in Victoria and Western Australia, where births are included if gestational age is at least 20 weeks or, if gestation is unknown, birthweight is at least 400 grams.

The Mothers and Babies data accompanies the Australia's Mothers and Babies 2016 - In Brief Report.

For further information about this dataset, visit the data source: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare - Australia's Mothers and Babies 2016 Data Tables.

Please note:

• AURIN has spatially enabled the original data.

• SA3 is derived from Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) of the ABS Australian Statistical Geography Standard Edition 2011. Numbers may not sum to totals due to rounding error.

• Excludes mothers not usually resident in Australia or whose SA2 of usual residence was 'Not stated'.

The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 5 Metre Grid of Australia derived from LiDAR model represents a National 5 metre (bare earth) DEM which has been derived from some 236 individual LiDAR surveys between 2001 and 2015 covering an area in excess of 245,000 square kilometres. These surveys cover Australia's populated coastal zone; floodplain surveys within the Murray Darling Basin, and individual surveys of major and minor population centres. All available 1 metre resolution LiDAR-derived DEMs have been compiled and resampled to 5 metre resolution datasets for each survey area, and then merged into a single dataset for each State. These State datasets have also been merged into a 1 second resolution national dataset.

The acquisition of the individual LiDAR surveys and derivation of the 5m product has been part of a long-term collaboration between Geoscience Australia, the Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information (CRCSI), the Departments of Climate Change and Environment, State and Territory jurisdictions, Local Government and the Murray Darling Basin Authority under the auspices of the National Elevation Data Framework and Coastal and Urban DEM Program, with additional data supplied by the Australian Department of Defence. The source datasets have been captured to standards that are generally consistent with the Australian ICSM LiDAR Acquisition Specifications with require a fundamental vertical accuracy of at least 0.30m (95% confidence) and horizontal accuracy of at least 0.80m (95% confidence).

At the 2021 Australian census, 278,043 people in New South Wales were Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. New South Wales is Australia’s most populated state, also housing Australia’s largest city, Sydney. By comparison, Australia’s second largest state, Victoria, was home to around 66 thousand Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

There are around 800,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia, which represents just over three percent of the Australian population. Indigenous people are often referred to as Australia's first people or the traditional custodians of the land in recognition of their ancestors inhabiting Australia more than 60,000 years ago. Australia's Indigenous peoples are represented by two distinct groups. Aboriginal people come from the Australian mainland. Torres Strait Islander people inhabit the group of Islands between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea and represent less than 40,000 people.

Closing the gap

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience significantly poorer health and wellbeing outcomes when compared to their non-Indigenous Australian counterparts. The average life expectancy of Indigenous Australians is around eight years shorter than that of the non-Indigenous population. In education, Indigenous Australians are also underrepresented, but attendance rates are improving and in 2019, full-time Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students numbered well over 200,000 people.

This dataset presents the footprint of the number and per cent of teenage mothers who gave birth (aged between 15 and 19), by the mother's usual place of residence. The data spans the year of 2016 and is aggregated to 2015 Department of Health Primary Health Network (PHN) areas, based on the 2011 Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS).

The data is sourced from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC). The NPDC began in 1991 and is a collaborative effort by the AIHW and state and territory health departments. Perinatal data are collected for each birth in each state and territory, usually by midwives and other birth attendants. The data are collated by the relevant state or territory health department and a standard de-identified extract is provided to the AIHW on an annual basis to form the NPDC. The NPDC covers both live births and stillbirths, where gestational age is at least 20 weeks or birth weight is at least 400 grams, except in Victoria and Western Australia, where births are included if gestational age is at least 20 weeks or, if gestation is unknown, birthweight is at least 400 grams.

The Mothers and Babies data accompanies the Australia's Mothers and Babies 2016 - In Brief Report.

For further information about this dataset, visit the data source: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare - Australia's Mothers and Babies 2016 Data Tables.

Please note:

• AURIN has spatially enabled the original data using the Department of Health - PHN Areas.

• PHN is derived from Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) of the ABS Australian Statistical Geography Standard Edition 2011. Numbers may not sum to totals due to rounding error.

• The data only includes a small number of mothers aged less than 15.

• Denominators are based on the estimated resident population of females aged 15-19 by state and territory and PHN.

• Excludes mothers not usually resident in Australia or whose SA2 of usual residence was 'Not stated'.

Unemployment Rate in Australia remained unchanged at 4.10 percent in February. This dataset provides - Australia Unemployment Rate at 5.8% in December - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The statistic shows the total population of Australia from 1980 to 2021, with projections up until 2029. In 2021, Australia had a total population of about 25.77 million people. Population of Australia Australia is among the ten largest countries in the world, in terms of area size, although its total population is low in relation to this. Much of Australia’s interior remains uninhabited, as the majority of Australians live in coastal metropolises and cities. Most of the population is of European descent (predominantly British), although there is a growing share of the population with Asian heritage; only a small percentage belongs to the indigenous Aboriginal population. Australia's year-on-year population growth is fairly high compared to most other economically and demographically advanced nations, due to comparatively high rates of natural increase and immigration. Living standards Standard of living is fairly high in Australia, which can be seen when looking at the Human Development Index, which ranks countries by their level of human development and living standards, such as their unemployment rate, literacy rate, or life expectancy at birth. Life expectancy of Australia’s population is quite high in international comparison, for example, Australia is also among the leading countries when it comes to this key factor.

Economically speaking, Australia is also among the leading nations, with a steadily rising employment rate, an increasing gross domestic product (GDP) with a steady growth rate, and a relatively stable share in the global GDP.

This dataset is part of the Geographical repository maintained by Opendatasoft. This dataset contains data for Local Government Areas in Australia.The ASGS Local Government Areas are an ABS approximation of gazetted local government boundaries as defined by each State and Territory Local Government Department. Local Government Areas cover incorporated areas of Australia. Incorporated areas are legally designated parts of a State or Territory over which incorporated local governing bodies have responsibility. The major areas of Australia not administered by incorporated bodies are the northern parts of South Australia, and all of the Australian Capital Territory and the Other Territories. These regions are identified as ‘Unincorporated’ in the ASGS Local Government Areas structure.More information on local governments can be found at the Australian Local Government Association website: http://www.alga.asn.au The suffix on Long Official Name Local Government Area indicates the Local Government Area status: Cities (C), Areas (A), Rural Cities (RC), Boroughs (B), Shires (S), Towns (T), Regional Councils (R), Municipalities/Municipal Councils (M), District Councils (DC), Regional Councils (RegC), Aboriginal Councils (AC).Processors and tools are using this data.EnhancementsAdd ISO 3166-3 codes.Simplify geometries to provide better performance across the services.

Census data reveals that population density varies noticeably from area to area. Small area census data do a better job depicting where the crowded neighborhoods are. In this map, the yellow areas of highest density range from 30,000 to 150,000 persons per square kilometer. In those areas, if the people were spread out evenly across the area, there would be just 4 to 9 meters between them. Very high density areas exceed 7,000 persons per square kilometer. High density areas exceed 5,200 persons per square kilometer. The last categories break at 3,330 persons per square kilometer, and 1,500 persons per square kilometer.This dataset is comprised of multiple sources. All of the demographic data are from Michael Bauer Research with the exception of the following countries:Australia: Esri Australia and MapData ServicesCanada: Esri Canada and EnvironicsFrance: Esri FranceGermany: Esri Germany and NexigaIndia: Esri India and IndicusJapan: Esri JapanSouth Korea: Esri Korea and OPENmateSpain: Esri España and AISUnited States: Esri Demographics

In 2024, the annual revenue of cafés, restaurants, and takeaway food services in Australia amounted to just shy of 65.5 billion Australian dollars, marking a new record within the given period. Between 2005 and 2019, the revenue of cafés, restaurants, and takeaway food services in the country had been growing year-on-year until 2020, which was the first year during this period to show significant negative growth. Food service landscape in Australia The number of cafés and restaurants operating in Australia has increased in recent years, reaching over 55,000 in the year ended June 2024. As Australia’s most populous states, the majority of these establishments are based in New South Wales and Victoria. While dining out remains prevalent, takeaway food services have risen in popularity among the country’s consumers, with internationally renowned delivery services like Uber Eats and Menulog taking the most online food delivery bookings in 2024. Australia’s coffee culture Australians are coffee aficionados, whether it be homebrew, a coffee to-go, or a coffee catch-up at their favorite café. Around three-quarters of Australian adults enjoy at least one cup of coffee a day, and almost one in two Australian households owns a coffee machine. Many countries have their own take on how to make the popular caffeinated beverage, and the flat white is a popular type of coffee with its origins Down Under. While Australia and New Zealand have not yet managed to settle the dispute on where the beverage originates, the flat white remains a staple on café menus across the country and is gaining traction in metropolitan cities around the world.

Abstract

The World Values Survey (www.worldvaluessurvey.org) is a global network of social scientists studying changing values and their impact on social and political life, led by an international team of scholars, with the WVS association and secretariat headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. The survey, which started in 1981, seeks to use the most rigorous, high-quality research designs in each country. The WVS consists of nationally representative surveys conducted in almost 100 countries which contain almost 90 percent of the world’s population, using a common questionnaire. The WVS is the largest non-commercial, cross-national, time series investigation of human beliefs and values ever executed, currently including interviews with almost 400,000 respondents. Moreover the WVS is the only academic study covering the full range of global variations, from very poor to very rich countries, in all of the world’s major cultural zones. The WVS seeks to help scientists and policy makers understand changes in the beliefs, values and motivations of people throughout the world. Thousands of political scientists, sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists and economists have used these data to analyze such topics as economic development, democratization, religion, gender equality, social capital, and subjective well-being. These data have also been widely used by government officials, journalists and students, and groups at the World Bank have analyzed the linkages between cultural factors and economic development.

Geographic coverage

The survey covers Australia.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual

Universe

The WVS for Australia covers population aged 18 years and over, for both sexes.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample was stratified by Australian states and territories using population counts based on Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) statistics as at 29th July 2005. The selection of individuals within the stratified sample was random using the Electoral Roll for Australia produced by the AEC. This frame includes all registered voters who must be citizens of Australia (or a British subject on a Commonwealth electoral roll as at 25 January 1984). Since voting in Australia is compulsory, there is a very high proportion of the adult Australia population covered by this frameapproximately 92 percent in 2003. A systematic random sample from each state and territory list was drawn by taking every nth name starting with a random start point of size proportional to the population of registered voters. The sampled units were named individuals.

Gross sample Using a sampling frame derived from the AEC Electoral Roll (2005) excludes permanent and temporary residents of Australia (who are not citizens) and any other adults in Australia who are non-citizens except for British subjects on a Commonwealth electoral roll as at 25 January 1984. These exclusions amount to approximately 8 percent of the adult population. Net sample The sample demographics were compared with statistics available from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) including the 2001 Census. The major biases are: age (median age is older than the Census population), education (over-representation of persons with post-secondary school qualifications), and gender (slight over-representation of women). Non-citizens of Australia were not included in the sample. The sample size for Australia is N=1421.

Mode of data collection

Mail Questionnaire [mail]

Research instrument

For each wave, suggestions for questions are solicited by social scientists from all over the world and a final master questionnaire is developed in English. Since the start in 1981 each successive wave has covered a broader range of societies than the previous one. Analysis of the data from each wave has indicated that certain questions tapped interesting and important concepts while others were of little value. This has led to the more useful questions or themes being replicated in future waves while the less useful ones have been dropped making room for new questions. The questionnaire is translated into the various national languages and in many cases independently translated back to English to check the accuracy of the translation. In most countries, the translated questionnaire is pre-tested to help identify questions for which the translation is problematic. In some cases certain problematic questions are omitted from the national questionnaire. WVS requires implementation of the common questionnaire fully and faithfully, in all countries included into one wave. Any alteration to the original questionnaire has to be approved by the EC. Omission of no more than a maximum of 12 questions in any given country can be allowed.

Response rate

3500 A Total issued 227 B Not eligible (ill, dead, non-English speaking, not at this address ) 3273 C Total eligible 1421 D Total questionnaires received 1852 E - non-responses (including non-contact; see note above under sample type) 183 F Refusals (including questionnaires less than half filled in) 1669 G Non-contact (included in E) 0 H Other non-response (included in E)

This data set includes 1) customised geographies for 3047 settlements in Australia and their associated sociodemographic data as calculated from ABS data, and 2) detailed codes reflecting the legal protections for residential electricity customers across 12 selected indicators, which applied in each settlement in Australia on 1 July 2022. This data is best interpreted with the associated codebook, and the associated manuscript provides further details on the coding process.Geography identificationThe Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Urban Centres and Localities (UCL) dataset identifies all settlements in Australia with populations of 200 or more people. There are also many smaller towns and settlements in Australia. To capture both large and small settlements, we developed a detailed settlement classification based on ABS’s smallest geographical units, Mesh Blocks (MBs), which cover the whole country without gaps or overlaps and which are intended to contain between 30 and 60 dwellings. Settlements have latitude and longitude of centre point included. We identified settlements using several steps:Estimated Residential Populations (ERP) at 30 June 2021 are imputed for every MB for the total population and the Indigenous population by progressively downscaling state/territory ERPs using Census counts tabulated at the SA4, SA3, SA2, SA1 and MB level.All MBs within a UCLs are allocated to that UCL.All remaining MBs classified by the ABS as being primarily used for residential purposes are grouped into clusters based on spatial contiguity.Clusters of MBs that are contiguous with a UCL are allocated to that UCL.Unallocated MB clusters are classified based on OpenStreetMap data. Specifically, a place name is allocated to a cluster of MBs if the MBs intersect an OpenStreetMap node with a “place” tag containing any of the values “city”, “town”, “village”, “hamlet” or “isolated_dwelling” and with a “name” tag.Unallocated MB clusters with a total ERP of 20 or less are excluded.Unallocated MB clusters that are within 10 km of a UCL are allocated to that UCL.Unallocated MB clusters that are within 10 km of a named OpenStreetMap place node (as above) are allocated to that place.Some outliers (e.g., prisons, a fracking field) were manually removed.Extensive manual checking against satellite photographs and other gazetteers was undertaken, especially of those MBs allocated to a settlement on the basis of distance to the closest named place. We manually added a number of named place nodes in OpenStreetMap based on a visual inspection of interim results.The exclusions column reflects 42 settlements (additional to the mapped 3047) for which names were identified but for which there is incomplete sociodemographic and policy data; we do not recommend using these settlements for analytical purposes.Sociodemographic data mapped to this settlement levelSEIFA indicators for the customised geographies, calculated as a population-weighted average of its constituent MBs. IRSAD, IRSD, IER, and IEO are included. See ABS for descriptions of these indicators.Remoteness as a dichotomous indicator (0 = 'Remote' or 'Very Remote'; 1 = ‘Major Cities’, ‘Inner Regional’, ‘Outer Regional’). Remoteness is determined from the ABS 2021 Remoteness Areas (see associated manuscript for further details).Estimated Resident Population (ERP).Percent of population that is Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People.Coding of legal protectionsData collection was completed during October 2021 to February 2023 and included review of 284 legal documents to identify protections in each settlement (reflected in respective "Agency, document" columns). Regulatory environment at the settlement level was cross-checked with review of over 800 further documents to ensure no exceptions were overlooked. Settlements were coded based on their legal protections up to and including 1 July 2022. Regulation undergoes frequent iteration, and there were many pending changes variously proposed, in draft form or in the process of introduction during our review. For example, one major change not captured by review is the transfer for responsibility for electricity services for 141 remote Aboriginal communities in WA (Remote Essential and Municipal Services communities) from the Department of Communities to the licensed utility Horizon Power (effective 1 April 2023). Document review focused on consumer focused electricity retail regulation (such as the National Energy Retail Law, NERL). Where categories of interest for electricity services fell within distributor remit as opposed to retailer remit (such as solar connections), we reviewed the appropriate documents associated with that level of electricity regulation (such as the National Electricity Rules (NER) made by the Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC) under the NEL). Further details on the regulatory review process are included in the associated manuscript.We mapped twelve categories, separately recording prepay and post-pay customer protections where applicable. Separate coding of prepay and post-pay was undertaken due to the different types of legal protections afforded to customers for each of these payment types. The coding questions are as follows:Is the use of prepayment meters expressly prohibited by act, regulation, code, or licence condition?Are protections from disconnection due to non-payment required for life support customers pursuant to act, regulation, code or licence condition? (pre and post)Is the retailer required to have a family violence policy pursuant to act, regulation, code or licence condition? (pre and post)Is the retailer required to provide protections from disconnection/self-disconnection during an extreme weather event pursuant to act, regulation, code, or licence condition? (pre and post)Does an act, regulation, code or licence condition establish a guaranteed service level scheme which the distributor must adhere to regarding unplanned interruptions in the customer's electricity supply? (pre and post)What type of discretion does the regulation establish for customer right to connect residential solar?In the contract (such as a model standing offer) that a customer would refer to when connecting solar to a distribution network, are there clear eligibility criteria laid out under which the consumer could reasonably expect the distributor to approve a connection request for solar? (pre and post)Is the retailer required to report total numbers of customer disconnections for non‐payment (i.e., disconnections in the case of post-pay or so-called ‘self‐disconnections’ in the case of prepay) pursuant to act, regulation, code, or licence condition? (pre and post)Does an act, regulation, code, or licence condition require the retailer to have and publish customer complaints / dispute resolution procedures? (pre and post)Does an act, regulation, code, or licence condition require the retailer to be subject to an independent investigation and resolution process e.g., ombudsman scheme in relation to customer complaints / disputes? (pre and post)Does an act, regulation, code, or licence condition require the distributor to have and publish customer complaint / dispute resolution procedures? (pre and post)Does legislation, regulation, code, or licence condition require the distributor to be subject to an independent investigation and resolution process e.g., ombudsman scheme in relation to customer complaints / disputes? (pre and post)In addition to recording these protections, we also assessed:Do individual residential customers have a direct contractual relationship (e.g., a retail contract) with the utility?Is the settlement located within the National Electricity Market (NEM) (i.e., part of the interconnected network)?What category of NEM and consumer protections regime does the location belong to? (where the category is descriptive of the type of network (e.g., interconnected, isolated) and regulatory framework (e.g., NERL, local code) which applies for residential customers in each case).The Stata do file is included for ease of aggregating (changing) indicator assignment.

Burden Of Disease by state and territory

Rate were age-standardised to the 2001 Australian Standard Population, and expressed per 1000 people Rate ratios compare the state/territory rate of burden with the Australian rate of burden * The value is less than the value shown
DALY (disability-adjusted life years): Measure (in years) of healthy life lost, either through premature death defined as dying before the expected life span at the age of death (YLL) or, equivalently, through living with ill health due to illness or injury (YLD). YLD (years lived with disability): A measure of the years of what could have been a healthy life but were instead spent in states of less than full health. YLD represent non-fatal burden. YLL (years of life lost): Years of life lost due to premature death, defined as dying before the global ideal life span at the age of death. YLL represent fatal burden.

The data is presented by the ACT Government for the purpose of disseminating information for the benefit of the public. The ACT Government has taken great care to ensure the information in this report is as correct and accurate as possible. Whilst the information is considered to be true and correct at the date of publication, changes in circumstances after the time of publication may impact on the accuracy of the information. Differences in statistical methods and calculations, data updates and guidelines may result in the information contained in this report varying from previously published information.

Humans have been living on the continent of Australia (name derived from "Terra Australis"; Latin for "the southern land") for approximately 65,000 years, however population growth was relatively slow until the nineteenth century. Europeans had made some contact with Australia as early as 1606, however there was no significant attempt at settlement until the late eighteenth century. By 1800, the population of Australia was approximately 350,000 people, and the majority of these were Indigenous Australians. As colonization progressed the number of ethnic Europeans increased while the Australian Aboriginal population was decimated through conflict, smallpox and other diseases, with some communities being exterminated completely, such as Aboriginal Tasmanians. Mass migration from Britain and China After the loss of its American colonies in the 1780s, the British Empire looked to other parts of the globe to expand its sphere of influence. In Australia, the first colonies were established in Sydney, Tasmania and Western Australia. Many of these were penal colonies which became home to approximately 164,000 British and Irish convicts who were transported to Australia between 1788 and 1868. As the decades progressed, expansion into the interior intensified, and the entire country was claimed by Britain in 1826. Inland colonization led to further conflict between European settlers and indigenous Australians, which cost the lives of thousands of natives. Inward expansion also saw the discovery of many natural resources, and most notably led to the gold rushes of the 1850s, which attracted substantial numbers of Chinese migrants to Australia. This mass migration from non-European countries eventually led to some restrictive policies being introduced, culminating with the White Australia Policy of 1901, which cemented ethnic-European dominance in Australian politics and society. These policies were not retracted until the second half of the 1900s. Independent Australia Australia changed its status to a British dominion in 1901, and eventually became independent in 1931. Despite this, Australia has remained a part of the British Commonwealth, and Australian forces (ANZAC) fought with the British and their Allies in both World Wars, and were instrumental in campaigns such as Gallipoli in WWI, and the South West Pacific Theater in WWII. The aftermath of both wars had a significant impact on the Australian population, with approximately 90 thousand deaths in both world wars combined, as well as 15 thousand deaths as a result of the Spanish flu pandemic following WWI, although Australia experienced a significant baby boom following the Second World War. In the past fifty years, Australia has promoted immigration from all over the world, and now has one of the strongest economies and highest living standards in the world, with a population that has grown to over 25 million people in 2020.

This dataset presents the footprint of participation statistics in BreastScreen Australia for women ages 50 to 74, by age group. The national breast cancer screening program, BreastScreen Australia began in 1991. It aims to reduce illness and death from breast cancer using screening mammography for early detection of unsuspected breast cancer in women. The data spans the years of 2014-2016 and is aggregated to Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3) geographic boundaries from the 2011 Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS).

Cancer is one of the leading causes of illness and death in Australia. Cancer screening programs aim to reduce the impact of selected cancers by facilitating early detection, intervention and treatment. Australia has three cancer screening programs:

• BreastScreen Australia

• National Cervical Screening Program (NCSP)

• National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP)

The National cancer screening programs participation data presents the latest cancer screening participation rates and trends for Australia's 3 national cancer screening programs. The data has been sourced from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) analysis of National Bowel Cancer Screening Program register data, state and territory BreastScreen Australia register data and state and territory cervical screening register data.

For further information about this dataset, visit the data source:Australian Institute of Health and Welfare - National Cancer Screening Programs Participation Data Tables.

Please note:

• AURIN has spatially enabled the original data.

• Participation rates represent the percentage of women in the population aged 50-74 screened by BreastScreen Australia over 2 calendar years. The population denominator was the average of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Estimated Resident Population (ERP) for females aged 50-74 within the relevant geographical area for the relevant 2-year reporting period.

• An SA3 was assigned to women using a postcode to SA3 correspondence. Because these are based only on postcode, these data will be less accurate than those published by individual states and territories.

• Some postcodes (and hence women) cannot be attributed to an SA3 and therefore these women were excluded from the analysis. This is most noticeable in the Northern Territory but affects all states and territories to some degree.

• SA3s with a numerator less than 20 or a denominator less than 100 have been suppressed.

• SA3 data for the Blue Mountains - South, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cotter - Namadgi, Fyshwick - Piallago - Hume, Illawarra Catchment Reserve, Jervis Bay, and Lord Howe Island were excluded due to reliability concerns from low numbers in these regions.

• Totals may not sum due to rounding.

• BreastScreen Australia changed its target age group from 50-69 years to 50-74 years from July 2013; participation is reported for both the previous and current target age groups to allow comparison of trends with previously reported data.

• Data are preliminary and subject to change.

• The 2014-2015 period covers 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2015, and the the 2015-2016 period covers 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2016.