Estimated number of persons by quarter of a year and by year, Canada, provinces and territories.

In 2022, Canada had a population density of about 4.43 people per square kilometer. The country has one of the lowest population densities in the world, as the total population is very small in relation to the dimensions of the land. Canada has a relatively stable population size, consistently with a growth of around one percent compared to the previous year. A small population in a large territory In terms of total area, Canada is the second largest country in the world. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Pacific to the Atlantic and northward to the Arctic Ocean, and this in total covers about 9.9 million square miles. The most densely populated area of Canada is what’s known as the Quebec City-Windsor Corridor in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario. Canada has a degree of urbanization of around 81 percent, because most Canadians prefer to live in cities where opportunities for work and leisure are in close proximity to each other and conditions are less rough.

This table presents the 2021 population counts for census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, and their population centres and rural areas.

In 2048, the population in Manitoba is projected to reach about 1.84 million people. This is compared to a population of 1.46 million people in 2024.

Canada's largest metropolitan area is Toronto, in Ontario. In 2022. Over 6.6 million people were living in the Toronto metropolitan area. Montréal, in Quebec, followed with about 4.4 million inhabitants, while Vancouver, in Britsh Columbia, counted 2.8 million people as of 2022.

The majority of the Canadian population, about 60% is concentrated within a thin belt of land representing 2.2% of the land between Windsor, Ontario and Quebec City. Even though Canada is the second largest country in the world in terms of land area, it only ranks 33rd in terms of population. The agricultural areas in the Prairies and eastern Canada have higher population densities than the sparsely populated North, but not as high as southern Ontario or southern Quebec.

Estimated number of persons on July 1, by 5-year age groups and gender, and median age, for Canada, provinces and territories.

Statistics Canada publishes monthly labour force statistics for all Canadian Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) and provinces. In addition, the City of Toronto purchases a special run from Statistics Canada of Labour Force Survey (LFS) data for city of Toronto residents (i.e. separate from the rest of the Toronto CMA). LFS data are collected by place of residence, and therefore city of Toronto's "employment" represents "employed residents" and not "jobs" in the city of Toronto. There are more jobs in the city of Toronto than employed city of Toronto residents. In this LFS database, you will find 22 monthly tables and 28 annual tables. Most of the tables contain data for five geographies: city of Toronto, Toronto CMA, Toronto/Hamilton/Oshawa CMAs, Ontario and Canada ( see attachment Table of Contents below a full description ). LFS data in the IVT tables are not seasonally adjusted. Top level seasonally adjusted LFS data are available in our monthly Toronto Economic Bulletin on Open Data. LFS is based on a monthly sample of approximately 2,800 households in the Toronto CMA, about half of the sample is from the city of Toronto; therefore, estimates will vary from the results of a complete census. LFS follows a rotating panel sample design, in which households remain in the sample for six consecutive months. The total sample consists of six representative sub-samples of panels, and each month a panel is replaced after completing its six month stay in the survey. Outgoing households are replaced by households in the same or similar area. This results in a five-sixths month-to-month sample overlap, which makes the design efficient for estimating month-to-month changes. The rotation after six months prevents undue respondent burden for households that are selected for the survey ( see attachment Guide to the Labour Force Survey for more information). Upon reviewing the data, you will see that at least some cells in the IVT tables have been suppressed. For confidentiality reasons, Statistics Canada suppresses Labour Force Survey data for any cell that corresponds to less than 1,500 persons. At the beginning of 2015, Statistics Canada substantially changed the methodology used to produce LFS population estimates for the city of Toronto. These changes have resulted in large and inexplicable swings in population and related counts, which are not real. However, the unemployment and participation rates for city residents showed very little change in this revision. The red dots in the chart above represents Statistics Canada's Annual Demographics estimates for the populations of the city of Toronto, age 15 and over. These are only estimates, but they are generally accepted as the most accurate estimates for the city's population. (Source: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/91-214-x/91-214-x2018000-eng.htm). The most recent Statistics Canada population estimate for the city of Toronto is for July 1, 2015; therefore, we have to use projections thereafter. There are several population projections for the city. The projection that EDC staff has chosen to use for rebasing city of Toronto LFS data is the Ontario Ministry of Finance Population Projections 2017-2041 and downloaded June, 2017 from http://www.fin.gov.on.ca/en/economy/demographics/projections/ Please see attachment Rebased Labour Force Survey for City of Toronto below for annual adjustment factors, monthly adjustment factors and an example of how to rebase the absolute numbers for the city of Toronto.

There were over one million registered Indians in Canada as of December 2020. The region with the largest Indian population was Ontario, with 222 thousand, followed by Manitoba, which counted 164 thousand Indians. The regions with the smallest Indian populations were Yukon, and Northwest Territories.

The census is Canada's largest and most comprehensive data source conducted by Statistics Canada every five years. The Census of Population collects demographic and linguistic information on every man, woman and child living in Canada.The data shown here is provided by Statistics Canada from the 2011 Census as a custom profile data order for the City of Vancouver, using the City's 22 local planning areas. The data may be reproduced provided they are credited to Statistics Canada, Census 2011, custom order for City of Vancouver Local Areas.Data accessThis dataset has not yet been converted to a format compatible with our new platform. The following links provide access to the files from our legacy site: Census local area profiles 2011 (CSV) Census local area profiles 2011 (XLS) Dataset schema (Attributes)Please see the Census local area profiles 2011 attributes page. NoteThe 22 Local Areas is defined by the Census blocks and is equal to the City'​s 22 local planning areas and includes the Musqueam 2 reserve.Vancouver CSD (Census Subdivision) is defined by the City of Vancouver municipal boundary which excludes the Musqueam 2 reserve but includes Stanley Park. Vancouver CMA (Census Metropolitan Area) is defined by the Metro Vancouver boundary which includes the following Census Subdivisions: Vancouver, Surrey, Burnaby, Richmond, Coquitlam, District of Langley, Delta, District of North Vancouver, Maple Ridge, New Westminster, Port Coquitlam, City of North Vancouver, West Vancouver, Port Moody, City of Langley, White Rock, Pitt Meadows, Greater Vancouver A, Bowen Island, Capilano 5, Anmore, Musqueam 2, Burrard Inlet 3, Lions Bay, Tsawwassen, Belcarra, Mission 1, Matsqui 4, Katzie 1, Semiahmoo, Seymour Creek 2, McMillian Island 6, Coquitlam 1, Musqueam 4, Coquitlam 2, Katzie 2, Whonnock 1, Barnston Island 3, and Langley 5. In 2011 Statistics Canada replaced the "long form" census with a voluntary National Household Survey. The result of the survey will not be directly comparable with previous census data. In 2006 there were changes made to the definition of households. A number of Single Room Occupancy and Seniors facilities were considered to be dwellings in 2001, and collective dwellings in 2006. The City believes a similar change occurred on some properties between 2006 and 2011. This would explain why the numbers of "Apartments under 5 stories" has fallen in some locations.Note that for the first time in 2011, three language questions (knowledge of official languages, home language and mother tongue) were included on the census questionnaire that was administered to 100% of the population.Language data and analysis published for all censuses since 1996 have been based almost exclusively on responses from the long-form census questionnaire administered to 20% of the population. However, Statistics Canada has observed changes in patterns of response to both the mother tongue and home language questions that appear to have arisen from changes in the placement and context of the language questions on the 2011 Census questionnaire relative to previous censuses. As a result, Canadians appear to have been less inclined than in previous censuses to report languages other than English or French as their only mother tongue, and also more inclined to report multiple languages as their mother tongue and as the language used most often at home. Data currencyThe data for Census 2011 was collected in May 2011. Data accuracyStatistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality. Counts of the total population are rounded to a base of 5 for any dissemination block having a population of less than 15. Population counts for all standard geographic areas above the dissemination block level are derived by summing the adjusted dissemination block counts. The adjustment of dissemination block counts is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions. Websites for further information Statistics Canada 2011 Census Dictionary Local area boundary dataset

AbstractUrbanization often substantially influences animal movement and gene flow. However, few studies to date have examined gene flow of the same species across multiple cities. In this study, we examine brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) to test hypotheses about the repeatability of neutral evolution across four cities: Salvador, Brazil; New Orleans, USA; Vancouver, Canada; New York City, USA. At least 150 rats were sampled from each city and genotyped for a minimum of 15,000 genome-wide SNPs. Levels of genome-wide diversity were similar across cities, but varied across neighborhoods within cities. All four populations exhibited high spatial autocorrelation at the shortest distance classes (< 500 m) due to limited dispersal. Coancestry and evolutionary clustering analyses identified genetic discontinuities within each city that coincided with a resource desert in New York City, major waterways in New Orleans, and roads in Salvador and Vancouver. Such replicated studies are crucial to assessing the generality of predictions from urban evolution, and have practical applications for pest management and public health. Future studies should include a range of global cities in different biomes, incorporate multiple species, and examine the impact of specific characteristics of the built environment and human socioeconomics on gene flow. Usage notesPLINK .map file for New Orleans rat SNP GenotypesPLINK .map file for New Orleans SNP genotypes. The genotypes themselves are in the .ped file of the same name, and the .map file contains the chromosomal coordinates for each SNP.NOL.plink.mapPLINK .ped file for New Orleans rat SNP GenotypesPLINK .ped file for New Orleans SNP genotypes. The genotypes themselves are in the .ped file, and the .map file contains the chromosomal coordinates for each SNP.NOL.plink.pedPLINK .map file for New York City rat SNP GenotypesPLINK .map file for New York City SNP genotypes. The genotypes themselves are in the .ped file of the same name, and the .map file contains the chromosomal coordinates for each SNP.NYC.plink.mapPLINK .ped file for New York City rat SNP GenotypesPLINK .ped file for New York City SNP genotypes. The genotypes themselves are in the .ped file, and the .map file contains the chromosomal coordinates for each SNP.NYC.plink.pedPLINK .map file for Salvador, Brazil rat SNP GenotypesPLINK .map file for Salvador, Brazil SNP genotypes. The genotypes themselves are in the .ped file of the same name, and the .map file contains the chromosomal coordinates for each SNP.SAL.plink.mapPLINK .ped file for Salvador, Brazil rat SNP GenotypesPLINK .ped file for Salvador, Brazil SNP genotypes. The genotypes themselves are in the .ped file, and the .map file contains the chromosomal coordinates for each SNP.SAL.plink.pedPLINK .map file for Vancouver rat SNP GenotypesPLINK .map file for Vancouver SNP genotypes. The genotypes themselves are in the .ped file of the same name, and the .map file contains the chromosomal coordinates for each SNP.VAN.plink.mapPLINK .ped file for Vancouver rat SNP GenotypesPLINK .ped file for Vancouver SNP genotypes. The genotypes themselves are in the .ped file, and the .map file contains the chromosomal coordinates for each SNP.VAN.plink.ped

According to the 2006 census, the population of Canada was 31 612 897 on May 16, 2006. This map shows the population distribution, based on the population density and the population counts of census dissemination blocks. A dissemination block is generally an area the size of a city block bounded by intersecting streets. There are 478 831 blocks across Canada. In order to define the three population-distribution classes, the blocks for all of Canada were ordered by their population density, from highest to lowest. The population counts for each block were then used to determine where 75 per cent of the population lived, where 24 per cent of the population lived, and where less than 1 percent of the population lived.

Annual population estimates as of July 1st, by census metropolitan area and census agglomeration, single year of age, five-year age group and gender, based on the Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) 2021.

This statistic shows the male and female population of Canada's provinces and territories in 2023. In 2023, around 2.74 million men inhabitants were living in British Columbia.

The segment of the population between 35 and 64 years of age are considered the population in the latter half of their working life. They have, for the most part, finished having children, are in the upper end of their earning potential, children are leaving the nest, mortgages are paid and assets are increasing. This map exhibits a few interesting patterns when compared with other maps in the age structure. Compared to the early working years group, the later working years segment is less concentrated in the inner parts of the city. Higher proportions are evident on the census subdivision layer in areas outside of cities reflecting past suburban migration patterns. In the north the area outside the populated places is dominated by a high proportion of people in their later working years. Note that very small populations exist in many large census divisions and subdivisions in the North.

In 2025, Moscow was the largest city in Europe with an estimated urban agglomeration of 12.74 million people. The French capital, Paris, was the second largest city in 2025 at 11.35 million, followed by the capitals of the United Kingdom and Spain, with London at 9.84 million and Madrid at 6.81 million people. Istanbul, which would otherwise be the largest city in Europe in 2025, is excluded as it is only partially in Europe, with a sizeable part of its population living in Asia. Europe’s population is almost 750 million Since 1950, the population of Europe has increased by approximately 200 million people, increasing from 550 million to 750 million in these seventy years. Before the turn of the millennium, Europe was the second-most populated continent, before it was overtaken by Africa, which saw its population increase from 228 million in 1950 to 817 million by 2000. Asia has consistently had the largest population of the world’s continents and was estimated to have a population of 4.6 billion. Europe’s largest countries Including its territory in Asia, Russia is by far the largest country in the world, with a territory of around 17 million square kilometers, almost double that of the next largest country, Canada. Within Europe, Russia also has the continent's largest population at 145 million, followed by Germany at 83 million and the United Kingdom at almost 68 million. By contrast, Europe is also home to various micro-states such as San Marino, which has a population of just 30 thousand.

The statistic shows the total population in Canada from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. In 2024, the total population in Canada amounted to about 41.14 million inhabitants. Population of Canada Canada ranks second among the largest countries in the world in terms of area size, right behind Russia, despite having a relatively low total population. The reason for this is that most of Canada remains uninhabited due to inhospitable conditions. Approximately 90 percent of all Canadians live within about 160 km of the U.S. border because of better living conditions and larger cities. On a year to year basis, Canada’s total population has continued to increase, although not dramatically. Population growth as of 2012 has amounted to its highest values in the past decade, reaching a peak in 2009, but was unstable and constantly fluctuating. Simultaneously, Canada’s fertility rate dropped slightly between 2009 and 2011, after experiencing a decade high birth rate in 2008. Standard of living in Canada has remained stable and has kept the country as one of the top 20 countries with the highest Human Development Index rating. The Human Development Index (HDI) measures quality of life based on several indicators, such as life expectancy at birth, literacy rate, education levels and gross national income per capita. Canada has a relatively high life expectancy compared to many other international countries, earning a spot in the top 20 countries and beating out countries such as the United States and the UK. From an economic standpoint, Canada has been slowly recovering from the 2008 financial crisis. Unemployment has gradually decreased, after reaching a decade high in 2009. Additionally, GDP has dramatically increased since 2009 and is expected to continue to increase for the next several years.

The segment of the population between 35 and 64 years of age are considered the population in the latter half of their working life. They have, for the most part, finished having children, are in the upper end of their earning potential, children are leaving the nest, mortgages are paid and assets are increasing. This map exhibits a few interesting patterns when compared with other maps in the age structure. Compared to the early working years group, the later working years segment is less concentrated in the inner parts of the city. Higher proportions are evident on the census subdivision layer in areas outside of cities reflecting past suburban migration patterns. In the north the area outside the populated places is dominated by a high proportion of people in their later working years. Note that very small populations exist in many large census divisions and subdivisions in the North.

Number of children in census families, Canada, provinces, territories.

Between July 1, 2021 and June 30, 2022, approximately 493 thousand people settled in metropolitan areas in Canada from abroad, while around 49.8 thousand Canadians left those same areas. This statistic breaks down these figures by metropolitan areas. The city that welcomed the most immigrants was Toronto, where more than 159 thousand individuals arrived over the period under consideration.