Product: These lidar data are processed Classified LAS 1.4 files, formatted to individual 1000 m x 1000 m tiles; used to create intensity images, 3D breaklines, and hydro-flattened DEMs as necessary. Geographic Extent: 1 partial census area and 1 partial borough in Alaska, covering approximately 1198 total square miles. Dataset Description: The Prince of Wales Phase II 2018 project called for...

This dataset shows the extent of data in each individual tile that went into the merging process to create the LIDAR Composite DSM & DTM.

Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) is an airborne mapping technique, which uses a laser to measure the distance between the aircraft and the ground. Up to 100,000 measurements per second are made of the ground, allowing highly detailed terrain models to be generated at spatial resolutions of between 25cm and 2 metres.

The Natural Resources Wales composite dataset contains digital elevation data derived from surveys carried out over several years and covers approximately 70% of Wales. We have made available 25cm, 50cm, 1m and 2m datasets, supplied as terrain models (a representation of the ground level) or surface models (a representation of object heights such as vehicles, buildings and vegetation).

In addition to the height information, georeferenced, coloured, shaded relief images at the same resolution as the input LiDAR data grids are available.

Product: These lidar data are processed classified LAS 1.4 files, formatted to 6333 individual 1,000-meter x 1,000-meter tiles; used to create intensity images, 3D breaklines and hydro-flattened DEMs as necessary.

Geographic Extent: Partial coverage of Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area in southeastern Alaska, covering approximately 2055.6 total square miles over Prince of Wales Island.

Data...

Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) is an airborne mapping technique, which uses a laser to measure the distance between the aircraft and the ground. Up to 100,000 measurements per second are made of the ground, allowing highly detailed terrain models to be generated at spatial resolutions of between 25cm and 2 metres. The Natural Resources Wales composite dataset contains digital elevation data derived from surveys carried out over several years and covers approximately 70% of Wales. We are making available 25cm, 50cm, 1m and 2m datasets, supplied as terrain models (a representation of the ground level) or surface models (a representation of object heights such as vehicles, buildings and vegetation). In addition to the height information, geo-referenced, coloured, shaded relief images at the same resolution as the input LiDAR data grids are available.

The LIDAR Composite DTM (Digital Terrain Model) is a raster elevation model covering ~99% of England at 1m spatial resolution. The DTM (Digital Terrain Model) is produced from the last or only laser pulse returned to the sensor. We remove surface objects from the Digital Surface Model (DSM), using bespoke algorithms and manual editing of the data, to produce a terrain model of just the surface.

Produced by the Environment Agency in 2022, the DTM is derived from a combination of our Time Stamped archive and National LIDAR Programme surveys, which have been merged and re-sampled to give the best possible coverage. Where repeat surveys have been undertaken the newest, best resolution data is used. Where data was resampled a bilinear interpolation was used before being merged.

The 2022 LIDAR Composite contains surveys undertaken between 6th June 2000 and 2nd April 2022. Please refer to the metadata index catalgoues which show for any location which survey was used in the production of the LIDAR composite.

The data is available to download as GeoTiff rasters in 5km tiles aligned to the OS National grid. The data is presented in metres, referenced to Ordinance Survey Newlyn and using the OSTN’15 transformation method. All individual LIDAR surveys going into the production of the composite had a vertical accuracy of +/-15cm RMSE.

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2024 Wales lidar dataset from the National Network of Regional Coastal Monitoring Programmes of England Catalogue (number of records: 42)

Sands of LIFE is a major conservation project to rejuvenate 2400 ha of sand dunes across Wales, by reprofiling dunes, creating bare sand to promote mobility, removing scrub, and other actions.

The Sands of LIFE project commissioned a LiDAR survey of sand dune areas both before and after completion of large-scale sand dune restoration works. The aim was to create an accurate and up-to-date baseline picture of the dune morphology and determine geomorphological changes and sand movement away from the footprint of interventions.

Sands of LIFE specified the provision of aerial LiDAR across the entire area of 10 project sites on the Welsh Coast, split over four Special Areas of Conservation (SACs)

2019 Wales lidar dataset from the Channel Coastal Observatory Catalogue (number of records: 18

The University of Aberystwyth mobile ozone lidar data contain measurements of ozone mixing ratios and aerosol information. The data were collected at Chilbolton observatory, Hampshire on the 7th and the 8th of June 2005. The data collected on the 7th of June 2005 are of ozone mixing ratios only. The data collected on the 8th of June 2005 are of ozone mixing ratios, aerosol backscatter, and boundary layer height information.

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data was collected by The Geoinformation Group using LiDAR-equipped survey aircraft for the main urban conurbations of England and Wales (including London, Manchester, Birmingham, Liverpool, Newcastle, Edinburgh and Glasgow) as part of the Cities Revealed project, and made available through the Landmap service. The GeoInformation Group (TGG) has processed the data so that they are available as Digital Terrain Models (ground surface only) and Digital Surface/Elevation Models (the ground and all features on it), both geographic databases with height and surface measurement information in the form of regular grids with intervals of 1 or 2 m. In addition, some First Pass and Last Pass data are available. The First Pass data provides height values for the top of the canopy (i.e. buildings, trees etc.) while the Last Pulse data provides height values for the bottom of the canopy and provides information about the shape of the terrain. The data are available in img format. The Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) funded Landmap service which ran from 2001 to July 2014 collected and hosted a large amount of earth observation data for the majority of the UK, part of which was elevation data. After removal of JISC funding in 2013, the Landmap service is no longer operational, with the data now held at the NEODC.

When using the data please also add the following copyright statement: Cities Revealed © The GeoInformation Group yyyy

General

In May 2024 the ESA/JAXA satellite mission EarthCARE was launched. The satellite combines for the first time a high spectral resolution lidar and a cloud radar with doppler capability as key instruments on one single platform. In addition, it is also equipped with a multi spectral imager and a broad band radiometer. This unique combination makes EarthCARE the most complex satellite mission to study aerosol, clouds and precipitation. To fully use these new and advanced data for science application needs validation of the measurements and data products. We have implemented an EarthCARE-like payload onboard the German research aircraft HALO (High Altitude and Long range) to prepare and validate the EarthCARE mission. This instrumentation was flown during PERCUSION (Persistent EarthCARE underflight studies of the ITCZ and organized convection) as contribution to ORCESTRA (Organized Convection and EarthCARE Studies over the Tropical Atlantic).

ORCESTRA is a network of different campaigns and campaign components to better understand the organized tropical convection at the mesoscale, e.g. including the interaction of convective organization with tropical waves and air-sea interaction, and the impact of convective organization on the Earth’s climate and radiation budget. In addition, ORCESTRA helps to validate satellite remote sensing (especially EarthCARE). To achieve these objectives ORCESTRA combines several sub-campaigns taking place on the Cape Verde Islands and Barbados in August and September 2024.

One of the campaigns combined in ORCESTRA is the PERCUSION campaign. It is a German initiative that uses the German research aircraft HALO and the ESA/JAXA satellite EarthCARE aiming to test factors hypothesized to influence the organization of deep maritime convection in the tropics, and the influence of convective organization on its larger-scale environment. One focus of PERCUSION was to establish confidence in the EarthCARE measurements and products. Thus, we included an EarthCARE underpass within each research flight to be used for validation purposes. HALO measurements were performed during the EarthCARE commissioning phase in August 2024 out of Sal, Cape Verde, and out of Barbados in September 2024. In addition, we performed flights out of Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany in November 2024 for validation of conditions that could not be captured in the two first campaign parts. Altogether, 33 EarthCARE underpasses were performed in different aerosol and cloud situations. Some of the flights were coordinated with in-situ measurements onboard other aircrafts (e.g. the French ATR42), with shipborne measurements onboard the German research vessel METEOR, or with ground-based radar and lidar measurements at Mindelo (Cape Verde), Barbados, and the ACTRIS stations Antikythera, Leipzig, Lindenberg and Munich. Additionally, to the EarthCARE validation measurements, four underpasses under NASA’s PACE mission were performed.

This sub-dataset contains downward looking lidar profiles from the airborne demonstrator for the WAter vapour Lidar Experiment in Space (WALES) on HALO for the first part of the campaign operated out of Sal on the Cape Verde islands. The other parts of the dataset will be published as separate zenodo datasets due to space limitations.

The data set containes time series of profiles of backscatter ratio, particle depolarization, particle extinction and water vapour molecular density measured along the flight path of HALO. The first local research flight was RF2. RF1 was the transfer flight from Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany to Sal. The table below lists the individual data products which were put into separate files. Please refer to the remarks section below for further details on how to interpret the data.

Data Products

Remarks

• All data, besides the water vapor product, are given on the same grid (1s x 15 m). For water vapor the horizontal grid spacing is reduced due to the necessary averaging during the processing.
• The water vapor, aerosol extinction and lidar-ratio products are given on a 15 m vertical grid like the other products, but the actual resolution is lower and given by the variable vertical_resolution. The corresponding averaging kernel is parabola shaped.
• All data is re-gridded to a constant altitude scale above sea level. The actual flight altitude is given as a separate variable.
• All products contain an error variable indicating the statistical error of the main data product.
• To facilitate easy conversion to related quantities, airdensity and airtemperature fields from ECMWF IFS analyses interpolated in space and time to the same grid as the main data are included.
• The ‘description’ (not CF standard) attribute of each data field contains further information which might be valuable in interpreting the data.
• In contrast to older file-format versions for the WALES instrument the current format does not fill invalid or low-quality data with a fillvalue or NaN. The main data-field contains values as they are generated by the processing. To see, if a certain pixel is valid, you have to check the flags field. Only if flags is zero, the data should be considered usable. Different non-zero flag values indicate possible reasons of why the data is considered bad.
• Because of the last point, data filtering can now be refined or changed a posteriory: e.g. if you don’t want to exclude saturated datapoints to generate a cloud mask you can select the good pixels by flags & ~0x0008 == 0 instead of flags == 0. Or maybe if you want to average, you should exclude low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) flags by testing for flags & ~0x0004 == 0 (flag codes and meanings are given in the attributes of the flags variable).
• Water vapor is given in units of the primary product of the DIAL as molecular number density. To convert to mixing ratio simply divide by the airdensity variable.
• There are a lot of processing parameters stored in the files to have a unified format also for processor internal purposes: simply ignore them…

The European Arctic Stratospheric Ozone Experiment is a European Commission (EC) measurement campaign undertaken in the Northern Hemisphere winter of 1991-92 to study ozone chemistry and dynamics. The dataset contains measurements of chemical constituents (concentrations of ozone and the members of the chlorine and nitrogen families) and meteorological parameters from European ground stations and balloon and aircraft flights, and from the ground-based ozone monitoring network. This dataset is public.

This dataset was produced using a Nd-YAG laser, 0.6m diameter mirror, two receiver channels - one for parallel and the other for perpendicular polarisation. Photon counting system; raw data collected at 30m resolution (both channels simultaneously). Each individual measurement takes 5 minutes (5000 shots). For the data here, all measurements for an individual evening have been combined. Usually, 2 or 3 consecutive runs were made, but on some evenings (e.g. December 6-9 1991) a large number of profiles were measured. Times of measurements are not given here but can be supplied on request; each was made within 4 hours of 2000 GMT and during hours of darkness. Detailed data for each run are also available on request.

To derive backscatter ratios, atmospheric density profiles were derived from ozonesondes launched from Aberystwyth during EASOE. These were corrected for air and ozone absorption. The top of the aerosol layer for each night was determined by inspection of the counts*height squared (Ch2) profile, and the average ratio of Ch2 to corrected density above this height was used to derive the backscatter ratio.

Correction for aerosol absorption was made using an extinction/backscatter ratio of 40, assumed constant throughout the layer.

For depolarisation ratio, the ratio of the two receiver channels is shown, corrected for the beamsplitter efficiency. Also, all the data have been normalised so that the lidar depolarisation ratio for air (above the aerosol layer) is 1.4%. (Note: this is different from the preliminary data).

Data are shown above 10 km, except where cirrus was present, when the altitudes contaminated by cirrus have been removed. Below 10 km, the count-rates were too high for the recorded data to be reliable. The upper height reported is that of the top of the aerosol layer.

Seabed landform features were classified from the New South Wales statewide marine lidar dataset, acquired in 2018 by Fugro Pty Ltd on behalf of the Department of Planning and Environment (data available for download on SEED, see below). Seabed features were extracted from the marine lidar data and classified into seabed landform classes. Classified landform features include reefs, plains, peaks, scarps, depressions and channels. These landforms capture variation in the shape and structure of reef outcrops along the NSW coastal and nearshore environment. Features were classified using the Seabed Landforms Classification Toolset developed for ArcGIS by the Coastal and Marine Unit, DPE (Linklater et al. 2023) which are publicly available on SEED (https://datasets.seed.nsw.gov.au/dataset/seabed-landforms-classification-toolset) and GitHub (https://github.com/LinklaterM/Seabed-Landforms-Classification-Toolset/). The statewide dataset is provided as ArcGIS shapefiles divided into 9 segments along the coast. The data covers 4060 km2, extending from the coastline (0 m AHD) to a maximum of 50 m depth, reaching an average depth of 35 m. Data coverage extends a maximum distance of 9 km offshore, with coverage extending on average 3 km offshore. This dataset provides an understanding of the extent and distribution of submerged reefs along the NSW coast, which contributes fundamental baseline information for managers, users and custodians of the marine environment. This dataset was funded by the Marine Estate Management Authority and NSW Climate Change Fund through the Coastal Management Funding Package. Please cite this dataset as: Linklater, M., Morris, B., Kinsela, M., Ingleton, T. and Hanslow, D. (2022), Exploring patterns of reef distribution along the southeast Australian coast using marine lidar data. Manuscript in preparation.

The Prince of Wales Existing Vegetation mapping project encompasses over 4.2 million acres of Southeastern Alaska—2.3 million of which are terrestrial. This map was designed to be consistent with the standards established in the Existing Vegetation Classification and Technical Guide (Nelson et al. 2015), and to provide baseline information to support project planning and inform land management of the Prince of Wales and surrounding islands. The final map comprises seven distinct, integrated feature layers: 1) vegetation type; 2) tree canopy cover; 3) trees per acre (TPA) for trees ≥ 1’ tall; 4) trees per acre for trees ≥ 6” diameter at breast height (dbh); 5) quadratic mean diameter (QMD) for trees ≥ 2” dbh; 6) quadratic mean diameter for trees ≥ 9” dbh; and 7) thematic tree size. The dominance type map consists of 18 classes, including 15 vegetation classes and 3 other land cover types. Continuous tree canopy cover, TPA, QMD, and thematic tree size was developed for areas classified as forest on the final vegetation type map layer. Geospatial data, including remotely sensed imagery, topographic data, and climate information, were assembled to classify vegetation and produce the maps. A semi-automated image segmentation process was used to develop the modeling units (mapping polygons), which delineate homogeneous areas of land cover. Field plots containing thematic vegetation type and tree size information were used as reference for random forest prediction models. Important model drivers included 30 cm orthoimagery collected during the height of the 2019 growing season, in addition to Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 satellite imagery, for vegetation type prediction. Additionally, detailed tree inventory data were collected at precise field locations to develop forest metrics for Quality Level 1 (QL1) Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data. LiDAR information was acquired across approximately 80% of the project’s land area. Continuous tree canopy cover and 2^nd order forest metrics (TPA and QMD) were modeled across the LiDAR coverage area, and subsequently, extrapolated to the full project extent using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IfSAR) as the primary topographic data source.

LIDAR is an airborne terrain mapping system, which uses a laser to measure the distance between the aircraft and the ground. This technique results in the production of cost effective terrain maps with a height accuracy of 10 to 15cm. Typically with spot heights between 1 to 4 metres spatially on the land surface. CASI is used to provide information on the colour of the environment. It is designed to provide a flexible system which is easy to transport and straightforward to install and operate in small aircraft. It can be used for detailed studies of the spectral characteristics of ground or water targets, which are imaged instantaneously in a large number of spectral wavebands (up to 288), covering the visible and near infra-red regions of the spectrum, between 430 nm and 870 nm. Spatial resolution can be varied from one to ten metres, depending on the flying altitude and lens configuration. New LIDAR and CASI data sets are being gathered from parts of England and Wales all the time. For details on coverage and extent contact the National Centre.

UTLS-OZONE was a NERC directed mode programme funding projects to study the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The particular emphasis was on the processes determining the distribution of ozone and any subsequent climate impacts. Two UTLS Ozone projects were based on airborne campaigns using the FAAM aircraft, namely ITOP-UK and CIRRUS. This dataset contains ozonesonde and LIDAR ozone profiles measured by the Aberystwyth group in support of the UTLS-OZONE projects: * Dynamics and Chemistry of Frontal Zones (DCFZ) (PI: Keith Browning, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading) * Atmospheric Chemistry and Transport of Ozone (ACTO) (PI: Stuart Penkett, School of the Environment, University of East Anglia) * the Egrett experiment (PI: Jim Whiteway, University of Wales at Aberystwyth) * "Night-Time Chemistry in the UTLS Region" (PI: Hugh Coe, University of Manchester) and of the EU project TRACAS.

2024 Wales lidar dataset from the National Network of Regional Coastal Monitoring Programmes of England Catalogue (number of records: 42)

This data set is one component of a digital terrain model (DTM) for the SWFWMD Polk District. This record includes information about the LiDAR data for the following SWFWMD tracts: Hampton, Judy, Lake Wales, Peace River (North) and Polk Remainder. All of these tracts are located in Polk County. Please see the Bounding Coordinates for each tract for the location within Polk County. Information t...