Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a group of infants would live if they were to experience, throughout their lives, the age-specific death rates prevailing during a specified period. Life expectancy at birth estimates were calculated using abridged period life tables according to the Chiang method. Estimates are based on provisional data and subject to change. Unstable estimates are excluded and are defined as having confidence intervals greater than 6 years, i.e., +/-3.0 years. The average life expectancy of a population is one of the most basic and important measures of the health of a community. Life expectancy is heavily driven by the social determinants of health, including social, economic, and environmental conditions, with Black and low-income individuals experiencing much lower life expectancies compared to White and more affluent individuals.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.

The California Healthy Places Index 3.0 data file was acquired on 04/25/22 from the Public Health Institute on behalf of the Public Health Alliance of Southern California.According to the Public Health Institute, "The HPI tool evaluates the relationship between 23 identified key drivers of health and life expectancy at birth -- which can vary dramatically by neighborhood. Based on that analysis, it produces a score ranking from 1 to 99 that shows the relative impact of conditions in a selected area compared to all other such places in the state." The HPI score is divided across four quartiles. (The Enhanced HPI 3.0: Advancing Health Equity Through High-Quality Data)Potential indicators assigned to eight policy action areas (domains):EconomicsEducationHealthcare accessHousingNeighborhood ConditionsClean EnvironmentSocial EnvironmentTransportationAn HPI score, domains, and individual indicator values and their percentile rankings are presented in the table.For more information, visit the California Healthy Places Index website at https://www.healthyplacesindex.org/ProcessConverted the XLSX file received from the Public Health Institute to a file geodatabase table. Filtered the statewide data to Los Angeles County only. The filtered dataset retains the original default HPI score rank, which is based on conditions across statewide census tracts. Edited field alias names for readability. Joined table to CENSUS_TRACTS_2010 from the Los Angeles County eGIS Data Repository. Exported to new file geodatabase feature class.

Death rate has been age-adjusted by the 2000 U.S. standard populaton. All-cause mortality is an important measure of community health. All-cause mortality is heavily driven by the social determinants of health, with significant inequities observed by race and ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Black residents have consistently experienced the highest all-cause mortality rate compared to other racial and ethnic groups. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Latino residents also experienced a sharp increase in their all-cause mortality rate compared to White residents, demonstrating a reversal in the previously observed mortality advantage, in which Latino individuals historically had higher life expectancy and lower mortality than White individuals despite having lower socioeconomic status on average. The disproportionately high all-cause mortality rates observed among Black and Latino residents, especially since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, are due to differences in social and economic conditions and opportunities that unfairly place these groups at higher risk of developing and dying from a wide range of health conditions, including COVID-19.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.

The Community Health and Equity Index was developed by Raimi + Associates to compare health conditions, vulnerabilities, and cumulative burdens across the City of Los Angeles. The Index standardizes demographic, socio-economic, health conditions, land use, transportation, food environment, crime, and pollution burden variables, and then averages them together, yielding a score on a scale of 0-100. Lower values indicate better community health.Variables used in the index include: Hardship Index, Life Expectancy, Health Variables (Heart Disease Mortality, Emergency Department Visits for Heart Attacks, Respiratory Disease Mortality, Diabetes Mortality, Stroke Mortality, Childhood Obesity, Percentage of Low Birth Weight Infants, Number of Emergency Department Visits for Asthma for Under 17 and 18+ age groups), Walkability Index, Complete Communities Index (amenities and establishments serving the community), Transportation Index, Modified Retail Food Environment Index, Crime Rate (Violent Crimes, Property Crimes), and Pollution Burden (Pollution Exposure, Environmental Effects).Variables were assigned weights and averaged together. Weights were assigned based on the weights used in the 2013 Health Atlas. For more information, see page 181 of the 2013 Health Atlas, which is available as a PDF on the Los Angeles City Planning website, https://planning.lacity.gov.

Includes median household income in the past twelve months (in 2022 inflation-adjusted dollars). Geography-specific median household income are calculated as the population-weighted averages of the median household incomes within their respective 2020 census tracts. Median household income is defined as the amount that divides the household income distribution of a population into two equal groups; half of the population has a household income above that amount, whereas the other half has a household income below that amount. Household income is an important driver of life expectancy and other health outcomes, as individuals with higher household incomes, on average, experience better health and live longer than individuals with lower household incomes. This is largely due to increased access to opportunities, resources, and healthier living conditions that higher income individuals experience compared to lower income individuals.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.

Data for cities, communities, and City of Los Angeles Council Districts were generated using a small area estimation method which combined the survey data with population benchmark data (2022 population estimates for Los Angeles County) and neighborhood characteristics data (e.g., U.S. Census Bureau, 2017-2021 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates). This indicator is based on self-report of ever being diagnosed with diabetes (type 1 or 2).Diabetes is associated with decreased life expectancy, heart disease and stroke, lower limb amputations, kidney disease, and blindness. It is also closely linked with obesity. Cities and communities can help prevent diabetes by adopting policies that support healthy food retail and physical activity and improve access to preventive care services.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.

This indicator provides information about the percentage of children ages 3-4 years enrolled in preschool based on caregiver report.Access to early childhood education (i.e., education before the age of 5 years) is associated with numerous health benefits later in life. For instance, young children who are enrolled in high quality preschool programs are more likely to graduate from high school, have higher paying jobs, own homes, and have improved cognitive function than children who are not enrolled. All these additional advantages can increase average life expectancy.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.

For the category for less than high school education, the highest level of education attained includes less than ninth grade education, as well as ninth to twelfth grade education without a high school diploma. For the high school graduates category, the highest level of education attained includes high school diploma or equivalency. For the some college education category, the highest level of education attained includes associate’s degree or some college education without a degree. For the bachelor's degree or higher category, the highest level of education attained includes bachelor’s, graduate, or professional degree. Due to rounding, educational attainment categories may not sum to 100%. Educational attainment is an important driver of life expectancy, as people with higher levels of education are more likely to obtain well-paying jobs, live in safer neighborhoods, have access to quality healthcare, and engage in healthier behaviors.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.

Created for the 2023-2025 State of Black Los Angeles County (SBLA) interactive report. To learn more about this effort, please visit the report home page at https://ceo.lacounty.gov/ardi/sbla/. For more information about the purpose of this data, please contact CEO-ARDI. For more information about the configuration of this data, please contact ISD-Enterprise GIS. table_name indicator_name Universe source timeframe source_url

life_expectancy_countyhealthrankings_2020 Life Expectancy Total Population County Health Rankings 2018-2020 https://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/california/2022/measure/outcomes/147/data

obese_est_adult_lachs_2018 Obese Estimate (#) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018 www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

obese_perc_adult_lachs_2018 Obese Percent (%) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

overweight_est_adult_lachs_2018 Overweight Estimate (#) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018 www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

overweight_perc_adult_lachs_2018 Overweight Percent (%) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018 www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

diabetes_est_adult_lachs_2018 Ever Diagnosed with Diabetes Estimate (#) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018 www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

diabetes_perc_adult_lachs_2018 Ever Diagnosed with Diabetes Percent (%) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018 www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

regular_source_of_care_est_adult_lachs_2018 Reported Having a Regular Source of Health Care Estimate (#) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

regular_source_of_care_perc_adult_lachs_2018 Reported Having a Regular Source of Health Care Percent (%) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018 www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

depression_est_adult_lachs_2018 Ever Diagnosed with Depression Estimate (#) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

depression_perc_adult_lachs_2018 Ever Diagnosed with Depression Percent (%) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

perceived_safe_est_adult_lachs_2018 Perceived Their Neighborhood to Be Safe from Crime Estimate (#) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018 www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

perceived_safe_perc_adult_lachs_2018 Perceived Their Neighborhood to Be Safe from Crime Estimate (%) Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) LAC Health Survey 2018 www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

dental_care_est_child_lachs_2018 Had Dental Care within the past Year Estimate (#) Children (Ages 17 Years and Younger) LAC Health Survey 2018www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

dental_care_perc_child_lachs_2018 Had Dental Care within the past Year Percent (%) Children (Ages 17 Years and Younger) LAC Health Survey 2018www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

no_usual_source_est_chis_2020 No usual source of care Estimate (#) Total Population California Health Interview Survey 2020 https://ask.chis.ucla.edu/AskCHIS/tools/_layouts/AskChisTool/home.aspx

no_usual_source_perc_chis_2020 No usual source of care Percent (%) Total Population California Health Interview Survey 2020 https://ask.chis.ucla.edu/AskCHIS/tools/_layouts/AskChisTool/home.aspx

delayed_care_est_chis_2020 Delayed or didn't get medical care last year Estimate (#) Total Population California Health Interview Survey 2020 https://ask.chis.ucla.edu/AskCHIS/tools/_layouts/AskChisTool/home.aspx

delayed_care_est_chis_2020 Delayed or didn't get medical care last year Percent (%) Total Population California Health Interview Survey 2020 https://ask.chis.ucla.edu/AskCHIS/tools/_layouts/AskChisTool/home.aspx

covid_vax_one_or_more_est_2022 COVID-19 Vaccination 1+ Dose Estimate (#) Population 6 months and older LAC DPH Sep-22 publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

covid_vax_one_or_more_perc_2022 COVID-19 Vaccination 1+ Dose Percent (%) Population 6 months and older LAC DPH Sep-22 publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

covid_vax_full_est_2022 COVID-19 Fully Vaccinated Estimate (#) Population 6 months and older LAC DPH Sep-22publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

covid_vax_full_perc_2022 COVID-19 Fully Vaccinated Percent (%) Population 6 months and older LAC DPH Sep-22 publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

covid_vax_one_or_more_children_est_2022 COVID-19 Vaccination 1+ Dose - Children under 5 Estimate (#) Population older than 6 months and under 5 years LAC DPH Sep-22 publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

covid_vax_one_or_more_children_perc_2022 COVID-19 Vaccination 1+ Dose Children under 5 Percent (%) Population older than 6 months and under 5 years LAC DPH Sep-22 publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

covid_vax_one_or_more_youth_est_2022 COVID-19 Vaccination 1+ Dose - Youth 5-17 Estimate (#) Population 5-17 years LAC DPH Sep-22publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

covid_vax_one_or_more_youth_perc_2022 COVID-19 Vaccination 1+ Dose Youth 5-17 Percent (%) Population 5-17 years LAC DPH Sep-22 publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

covid_vax_one_or_more_adults_est_2022 COVID-19 Vaccination 1+ Dose - Adults Estimate (#) Population 18 and older LAC DPH Sep-22 publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

covid_vax_one_or_more_adults_perc_2022 COVID-19 Vaccination 1+ Dose Adults Percent (%) Population 18 and older LAC DPH Sep-22 publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/vaccine/vaccine-dashboard.htm

insured_pop_est_acs_2020 Insured population # Civilian noninstitutionalized population 2016-2020 ACS - S2701 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=0500000US06037&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S2701

insured_pop_perc_acs_2020 Insured population % Civilian noninstitutionalized population 2016-2020 ACS - S2701 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=0500000US06037&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S2701

mch_indicators_2019 Babies Born with Positive MCH Indicators Babies born in time frame Strong Start Index 2016-2019 https://infogram.com/1pj576jwy166z1s6ywvk32l5lkammrym3wy?live

current_asthma Percent of Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) with Current Asthma Adults Los Angeles County Health Survey 2018 https://www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/HA_DATA_TRENDS.htm

no_med_insurance Percent of Insured Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) Who Reported a Time Without Medical Insurance in the past 12 Months. Adults Los Angeles County Health Survey 2011 https://www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/HA_DATA_TRENDS.htm

transportation_problems Percent of Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) Who Reported That Transportation Problems Kept Them from Obtaining Needed Medical Care in the past Year. Adults Los Angeles County Health Survey 2007 https://www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/HA_DATA_TRENDS.htm

Decapod preferential energy reserves mobilization according to habitat, life span, percentage of mobilization and starvation days in midgut gland and muscle.

Created for the 2023-2025 State of Black Los Angeles County (SBLA) interactive report. Countywide Statistical Areas (CSA) are current as of October 2023.

Fields ending in _yr1 were calculated for the original 2021-2022 SBLA report, while fields ending in _yr2 or without a year suffix were calculated for the 2023-2025 version. Eviction Filings per 100 (eviction_filings_per100) and Life Expectancy (life_expectancy) did not have updated data and are the same data shown in the Year 1 report.

Population and demographic data are from US Census American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates, aggregated up from census tract or block group to CSA. Year 1 data are from 2020, year 2 data are from 2022.

Poverty Data (200% FPL) are from LA County ISD-eGIS Demographics. Year 1 data are from 2021, Year 2 are from 2022.

The 2023-2025 report includes several new indicators that are calculated as the percent of countywide population by race that resides in a geographic area of interest. Population for these indicators is estimated based on intersection with census block group centroids. These indicators are:

Indicator

Fields

Source

Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSA) for Primary Care

hpsa_primary_pct hpsa_primary_black_pct

LA County DPH https://data.lacounty.gov/datasets/lacounty::health-professional-shortage-area-primary-care/about

Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSA) for Mental Health

hpsa_mental_pct hpsa_mental_black_pct

LA County DPH https://data.lacounty.gov/datasets/lacounty::health-professional-shortage-area-mental-health/about

Concentrated Disadvantage

cd_pct cd_black_pct

LA County ISD-Enterprise GIS https://egis-lacounty.hub.arcgis.com/datasets/lacounty::concentrated-disadvantage-index-2022/explore

Firearm Dealers

firearm_dl_count (count of dealers in CSA) firearm_dl_per10000 (rate of dealers per 10,000)

LA County DPH Office of Violence Prevention (OVP)

High and Very High Park Need Areas

parks_need_pct parks_need_black_pct

LA County Parks Needs Assessment Plus (PNA+) https://lacounty.maps.arcgis.com/apps/instant/media/index.html?appid=3d0ef36720b447dcade1ab87a2cc80b9

High Quality Transit Areas

hqta_pct hqta_black_pct

SCAG https://lacounty.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=43e6fef395d041c09deaeb369a513ca1

High Walkability Areas

walk_total_pct walk_black_pct

EPA Walkability Index https://www.epa.gov/smartgrowth/smart-location-mapping#walkability

High Poverty and High Segregation Areas

highpovseg_total_pct highpovseg_black_pct

CTCAC/HCD Opportunity Area Maps https://www.treasurer.ca.gov/ctcac/opportunity.asp

LA County Arts Investments

arts_dollars (total $$ for CSA) arts_dollars_percap (investment dollars per capita)

LA County Department of Arts and Culture https://lacountyartsdata.org/#maps

Strong Start (areas with at least 9 Strong Start indicators)

strongstart_total_pct strongstart_black_pct

CA Strong Start Index https://strongstartindex.org/map

For more information about the purpose of this data, please contact CEO-ARDI.

For more information about the configuration of this data, please contact ISD-Enterprise GIS.

Data for cities, communities, and City of Los Angeles Council Districts were generated using a small area estimation method which combined the survey data with population benchmark data (2022 population estimates for Los Angeles County) and neighborhood characteristics data (e.g., U.S. Census Bureau, 2017-2021 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates). This indicator includes adults who reported always or usually receiving the social and emotional support they need. Individuals who receive adequate social and emotional support often experience less loneliness (a risk factor for lower life expectancy) and report having a higher quality of life and better overall health.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.