There were around *** million private sector businesses operating in the United Kingdom in 2024, with ******* of these being construction businesses and a further ******* professional, scientific, and technical businesses. The overall number of businesses in the UK reached a peak of **** million in 2020, but fell quite sharply to **** million following the COVID-19 pandemic. UK business confidence muted in 2025 Several metrics suggest UK businesses are operating in a tough environment in 2025. Business confidence has generally declined since 2022, with many firms pointing to an increased tax burden as one of their main challenges. Inflation remains a major concern too, with elevated prices remaining in place from the inflation crisis, and expected to rise further in 2025. This challenging environment may also cause firms to think twice when it comes to hiring, with the UK labor market starting to show signs of this happening already. Labor market cooldown well underway A survey from Spring 2025 that asked businesses about their employment intentions revealed that ** percent of firms intended to reduce their staff levels, the highest share in that survey since 2020. The number of job vacancies in the UK has also continued to fall, with just ******* in June 2025. This was the fewest number of vacancies since April 2021, and outside the pandemic, the lowest since May 2015. The number of employees on UK payrolls has also declined recently, with the pace of this reduction accelerating since the start of the year.
In 2024, agriculture contributed around 0.56 percent to the United Kingdom’s GDP, 16.74 percent came from the manufacturing industry, and 72.79 percent from the services sector. The UK is not a farmer’s marketThe vast majority of the UK’s GDP is generated by the services sector, and tourism in particular keeps the economy going. In 2017, almost 214 billion British Pounds were contributed to the GDP through travel and tourism – about 277 billion U.S. dollars – and the forecasts see an upwards trend. For comparison, only an estimated 10.3 billion GBP were generated by the agriculture sector in the same year. But is it a tourist’s destination still? Though forecasts are not in yet, it is unclear whether travel and tourism can keep the UK’s economy afloat in the future, especially after Brexit and all its consequences. Higher travel costs, having to wait for visas, and overall more complicated travel arrangements are just some of the concerns tourists have when considering vacationing in the UK after Brexit. Consequences of the referendum are already observable in the domestic travel industry: In 2017, about 37 percent of British travelers said Brexit caused them to cut their holidays short by a few days, and about 14 percent said they did not leave the UK for their holidays because of it.
These Economic Estimates are National Statistics used to provide an estimate of the contribution of DCMS Sectors to the UK economy, measured by the number of businesses.
These statistics cover the contributions of the following DCMS sectors to the UK economy;
Users should note that there is overlap between DCMS sector definitions and that the Telecoms sector sits wholly within the Digital sector.
The release also includes estimates for the Audio Visual sector and Computer Games sector.
A definition for each sector is available in the associated methodology note along with details of methods and data limitations.
These statistics were first published on 14 October 2021
DCMS aims to continuously improve the quality of estimates and better meet user needs. DCMS welcomes feedback on this release. Feedback should be sent to DCMS via email at evidence@dcms.gov.uk.
This release is published in accordance with the Code of Practice for Statistics (2018) produced by the UK Statistics Authority (UKSA). The UKSA has the overall objective of promoting and safeguarding the production and publication of official statistics that serve the public good. It monitors and reports on all official statistics, and promotes good practice in this area.
The accompanying pre-release access document lists ministers and officials who have received privileged early access to this release. In line with best practice, the list has been kept to a minimum and those given access for briefing purposes had a maximum of 24 hours.
Responsible statistician: Wilmah Deda.
For any queries or feedback, please contact evidence@dcms.gov.uk.
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Numbers of enterprises and local units produced from a snapshot of the Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) taken on 8 March 2024.
Compass Group had by far the highest number of global employees among companies based in the United Kingdom as of 2025, at approximately 500,000 employees. Tesco had the second-highest number of employees at around 336,400, followed by HSBC Holdings which had 211,000 employees. In the same year, HSBC Holdings had an annual revenue of 142.3 billion U.S. dollars, the third-highest among UK-based companies. The oil and gas giant Shell had the highest annual revenue at over 283 billion dollars, ahead of BP at 189 billion dollars. How many businesses are there in the UK? In 2024, there were approximately 5.5 million business enterprises in the UK, down from a peak of 5.98 million in 2020. Although there were just 1,930 large firms that employed 1,000 people or more, these firms employed more than a quarter of the UK's private sector workforce, and made a combined turnover of approximately 1.69 trillion British pounds. As of this year, the construction industry had the highest number of enterprises by sector, at over 870,000. The sector with the most workers was that of wholesale and retail, which collectively employed just under 4.9 million people in 2024, and also had the highest turnover compared to other sectors, at over 1.8 trillion pounds. Current UK economic climate Although the UK economy is expected to grow in 2025, growth has been downgraded from earlier forecasts, while inflation and unemployment are expected to be higher than initially thought. According to the business confidence index, sentiment among businesses at the end of 2024 was lower than it has been since early 2021. Furthermore, since the start of 2025, businesses have been shedding jobs at an accelerating rate, possibly due to recent tax rises, which was seen as the main external concern of businesses in early 2025. The precarious state of the UK's government finances, and potential tax rises in the next budget, are also likely feeding into this pessimistic mood.
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Annual employee and employment estimates for Great Britain and UK split by two, three and five-digit Standard Industrial Classification: SIC 2007. Results given by full-time or part-time and public or private splits.
In 2024, there were approximately 870,040 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the construction sector in the United Kingdom, the most of any sector in that year. The sector with the second-highest number of SMEs was the Professional, Scientific and Technical activities sector, at 754,520 SMEs.
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Size and growth within UK non-financial business sectors, as measured by the Annual Business Survey, by four-digit Standard Industrial Classification 2007.
For DCMS sector data, please see: Economic Estimates: Employment and APS earnings in DCMS sectors, January 2023 to December 2023
For Digital sector data, please see: Economic Estimates: Employment in DCMS sectors and Digital sector, January 2022 to December 2022
These Economic Estimates are National Statistics used to provide an estimate of the contribution of DCMS Sectors to the UK economy, measured by employment (number of jobs).
These statistics cover the contributions of the following DCMS sectors to the UK economy;
A definition for each sector is available in the associated methodology note along with details of methods and data limitations.
26 June 2019
This release is published in accordance with the Code of Practice for Statistics, as produced by the UK Statistics Authority. The Authority has the overall objective of promoting and safeguarding the production and publication of official statistics that serve the public good. It monitors and reports on all official statistics, and promotes good practice in this area.
The responsible statisticians for this release is Wilmah Deda (020 7211 6376). For further details about the estimates, or to be added to a distribution list for future updates, please email us at evidence@culture.gov.uk.
The document above contains a list of ministers and officials who have received privileged early access to this release. In line with best practice, the list has been kept to a minimum and those given access for briefing purposes had a maximum of 24 hours.
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License information was derived automatically
United Kingdom UK: Number of Listed Domestic Companies: Total data was reported at 1,858.000 Unit in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,857.000 Unit for 2013. United Kingdom UK: Number of Listed Domestic Companies: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 2,198.000 Unit from Dec 1975 (Median) to 2014, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,913.000 Unit in 2006 and a record low of 1,747.000 Unit in 1994. United Kingdom UK: Number of Listed Domestic Companies: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Financial Sector. Listed domestic companies, including foreign companies which are exclusively listed, are those which have shares listed on an exchange at the end of the year. Investment funds, unit trusts, and companies whose only business goal is to hold shares of other listed companies, such as holding companies and investment companies, regardless of their legal status, are excluded. A company with several classes of shares is counted once. Only companies admitted to listing on the exchange are included.; ; World Federation of Exchanges database.; Sum; Stock market data were previously sourced from Standard & Poor's until they discontinued their 'Global Stock Markets Factbook' and database in April 2013. Time series have been replaced in December 2015 with data from the World Federation of Exchanges and may differ from the previous S&P definitions and methodology.
These Economic Estimates are Official Statistics, used to provide an estimate of the number of business births and deaths in DCMS sectors.
These statistics cover the following DCMS sectors:
Creative Industries Cultural Sector Digital Sector Gambling Sport Telecoms Tourism (defined here as tourism industries)
In addition to the standard DCMS sectors, this release includes figures for the Audio-Visual sector.
A definition for each sector is available in the associated methodology note along with details of methods and data limitations. Civil Society is not covered in this release, as the sector is not defined on an equivalent basis.
09 July 2020
DCMS aims to continuously improve the quality of estimates and better meet user needs and welcomes feedback on this release. Feedback should be sent to DCMS via email at evidence@culture.gov.uk.
This release is published in accordance with the Code of Practice for Statistics, as produced by the UK Statistics Authority. The Authority has the overall objective of promoting and safeguarding the production and publication of official statistics that serve the public good. It monitors and reports on all official statistics, and promotes good practice in this area.
The responsible statistician for this release is Rishi Vaidya. For further details about the estimates, or to be added to a distribution list for future updates, please email us at evidence@dcms.gov.uk.
This document summarises the quality assurance processes applied during production of the release. It covers quality assurance carried out by both DCMS and our data providers (ONS).
The document above contains a list of ministers and officials who have received privileged early access to this release. In line with best practice, the list has been kept to a minimum and those given access for briefing purposes had a maximum of 24 hours.
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License information was derived automatically
Employment by industry and sex, UK, published quarterly, non-seasonally adjusted. Labour Force Survey. These are official statistics in development.
These Economic Estimates are National Statistics used to provide an estimate of the contribution of DCMS Sectors to the UK economy, measured by the number of businesses.
These statistics cover the contributions of the following DCMS sectors to the UK economy;
A definition for each sector is available in the associated methodology note along with details of methods and data limitations.
29 May 2020
DCMS aims to continuously improve the quality of estimates and better meet user needs. Feedback and responses should be sent to DCMS via email at evidence@culture.gov.uk.
This release is published in accordance with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics (2009), as produced by the UK Statistics Authority. The Authority has the overall objective of promoting and safeguarding the production and publication of official statistics that serve the public good. It monitors and reports on all official statistics, and promotes good practice in this area.
The responsible statisticians for this release is Sam Atkin. For further details about the estimates, or to be added to a distribution list for future updates, please email us at evidence@culture.gov.uk.
The document above contains a list of ministers and officials who have received privileged early access to this release. In line with best practice, the list has been kept to a minimum and those given access for briefing purposes had a maximum of 24 hours.
This document summarises the quality assurance processes applied during production of the DCMS Sectors Economic Estimates 2018: Business Demographics release. It covers quality assurance carried out by both DCMS and our data providers (ONS).
In 2018, DCMS Sectors (excluding Tourism and Civil Society):
These Economic Estimates are Official Statistics used to provide an estimate of imports and exports of services by DCMS Sectors (excluding Tourism and Civil Society).
This release only covers trade in services, and aims to provide a timely summary of the key findings for 2018, the latest year for which data are available. More information on trade in services, as well as estimates for trade in goods and for trade in the Tourism sector, will be provided later in 2020.
These statistics cover the contributions of the following DCMS sectors to the UK economy;
A definition for each sector is available in the associated methodology note along with details of methods and data limitations.
06 February 2020
DCMS aims to continuously improve the quality of estimates and better meet user needs. DCMS welcomes feedback on this release. Feedback should be sent to DCMS via email at evidence@culture.gov.uk.
This release is published in accordance with the https://www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/code-of-practice/" class="govuk-link">Code of Practice for Statistics, as produced by the UK Statistics Authority. The Authority has the overall objective of promoting and safeguarding the production and publication of official statistics that serve the public good. It monitors and reports on all official statistics, and promotes good practice in this area.
The responsible statisticians for this release is Rishi Vaidya. For further details about the estimates, or to be added to a distribution list for future updates, please email us at evidence@culture.gov.uk.
The document above contains a list of ministers and officials who have received privileged early access to this release. In line with best practice, the list has been kept to a minimum and those given access for briefing purposes had a maximum of 24 hours.
In 2024, large businesses in the United Kingdom that individually employed 1,000 or more workers collectively employed around 8.2 million people.
In 2024, the leading business sector in the United Kingdom (UK) was infocomms, with a total number of deals amounting to almost *****. Following closely behind infocomms, professional services and manufacturing came second and third on the list, with ***** and ***** deals, respectively.
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United Kingdom UK: Stocks Traded: Total Value: % of GDP data was reported at 77.974 % in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 61.137 % for 2013. United Kingdom UK: Stocks Traded: Total Value: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 41.678 % from Dec 1975 (Median) to 2014, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 131.624 % in 2010 and a record low of 5.825 % in 1979. United Kingdom UK: Stocks Traded: Total Value: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Financial Sector. The value of shares traded is the total number of shares traded, both domestic and foreign, multiplied by their respective matching prices. Figures are single counted (only one side of the transaction is considered). Companies admitted to listing and admitted to trading are included in the data. Data are end of year values.; ; World Federation of Exchanges database.; Weighted average; Stock market data were previously sourced from Standard & Poor's until they discontinued their 'Global Stock Markets Factbook' and database in April 2013. Time series have been replaced in December 2015 with data from the World Federation of Exchanges and may differ from the previous S&P definitions and methodology.
This page lists ad-hoc statistics released during the period July - September 2020. These are additional analyses not included in any of the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport’s standard publications.
If you would like any further information please contact evidence@dcms.gov.uk.
This analysis considers businesses in the DCMS Sectors split by whether they had reported annual turnover above or below £500 million, at one time the threshold for the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme (CBILS). Please note the DCMS Sectors totals here exclude the Tourism and Civil Society sectors, for which data is not available or has been excluded for ease of comparability.
The analysis looked at number of businesses; and total GVA generated for both turnover bands. In 2018, an estimated 112 DCMS Sector businesses had an annual turnover of £500m or more (0.03% of the total DCMS Sector businesses). These businesses generated 35.3% (£73.9bn) of all GVA by the DCMS Sectors.
These are trends are broadly similar for the wider non-financial UK business economy, where an estimated 823 businesses had an annual turnover of £500m or more (0.03% of the total) and generated 24.3% (£409.9bn) of all GVA.
The Digital Sector had an estimated 89 businesses (0.04% of all Digital Sector businesses) – the largest number – with turnover of £500m or more; and these businesses generated 41.5% (£61.9bn) of all GVA for the Digital Sector. By comparison, the Creative Industries had an estimated 44 businesses with turnover of £500m or more (0.01% of all Creative Industries businesses), and these businesses generated 23.9% (£26.7bn) of GVA for the Creative Industries sector.
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This analysis shows estimates from the ONS Opinion and Lifestyle Omnibus Survey Data Module, commissioned by DCMS in February 2020. The Opinions and Lifestyles Survey (OPN) is run by the Office for National Statistics. For more information on the survey, please see the https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/whatwedo/paidservices/opinions" class="govuk-link">ONS website.
DCMS commissioned 19 questions to be included in the February 2020 survey relating to the public’s views on a range of data related issues, such as trust in different types of organisations when handling personal data, confidence using data skills at work, understanding of how data is managed by companies and the use of data skills at work.
The high level results are included in the accompanying tables. The survey samples adults (16+) across the whole of Great Britain (excluding the Isles of Scilly).
As of February 2025, Rolls-Royce Holdings Plc was the leading company in the industrial goods and services sector on the London Stock Exchange (LSE), with a market capitalization of ** billion British pounds. Second on the list was CRH Plc, with a value of **** billion British pounds.
There were around *** million private sector businesses operating in the United Kingdom in 2024, with ******* of these being construction businesses and a further ******* professional, scientific, and technical businesses. The overall number of businesses in the UK reached a peak of **** million in 2020, but fell quite sharply to **** million following the COVID-19 pandemic. UK business confidence muted in 2025 Several metrics suggest UK businesses are operating in a tough environment in 2025. Business confidence has generally declined since 2022, with many firms pointing to an increased tax burden as one of their main challenges. Inflation remains a major concern too, with elevated prices remaining in place from the inflation crisis, and expected to rise further in 2025. This challenging environment may also cause firms to think twice when it comes to hiring, with the UK labor market starting to show signs of this happening already. Labor market cooldown well underway A survey from Spring 2025 that asked businesses about their employment intentions revealed that ** percent of firms intended to reduce their staff levels, the highest share in that survey since 2020. The number of job vacancies in the UK has also continued to fall, with just ******* in June 2025. This was the fewest number of vacancies since April 2021, and outside the pandemic, the lowest since May 2015. The number of employees on UK payrolls has also declined recently, with the pace of this reduction accelerating since the start of the year.