There were 297 members of the House of Lords in the United Kingdom who were aged between 70 and 79 in 2020,the most of any age bracket. By comparison there were only four members of the House of Lords aged 39 or under.

As of 2020, Malta was the country with the highest number of parliament members per 100,000 inhabitants. This Southern European country counted 14.3 members in the parliament. By contrast, the Spanish parliament had the lowest number of members in proportion to the population.

In September 2020, a constitutional referendum was held in Italy on the number of parliament members. The Italian Parliament consists of the Chamber of Deputies and Senate of the Republic. The data depicted in the chart show the number of deputies before the referendum, which amounted to 630 members. For every 100,000 individuals, Italy had one deputy, one of the lowest number in the European Union in proportion to country's population. After the referendum, Italy could have just 0.7 members in the Chamber of Deputies per 100,000 population, ranking last in the EU.

For the 2024/25 financial year, the annual salary for Members of Parliament (MPs) in the United Kingdom was 91,346 British pounds. This marked an increase of around 4,762 pounds when compared with the previous year, when the annual salary was 86,584 pounds. In 2021/22, there was no increase in pay for MPs in the UK because of the COVID-19 pandemic, with the annual salary remaining at 81,932 pounds per year at that time. Comparison with average earnings In 2023, the median earnings for full-time workers in the UK was 34,963 pounds a year, meaning that MPs earned more than 50,000 pounds more than the average worker. The appropriate salary for MPs is a charged issue in the UK, especially with the country currently facing its worst Cost of Living Crisis in decades. As of January 2024, just over half of Britons were facing higher living costs than a year earlier, while 53 percent thought the economy was the main issue facing the country. MPs themselves are not responsible for deciding their pay, and since 2011, decisions regarding MPs pay and expenses lie with the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority (IPSA). House of Commons demographics As of the last election most of the elected MPs were aged between 50 and 59, with only 21 of them in their twenties or younger. In terms of gender, there are almost two male MPs for every one woman, although this is a much higher than in 1979 when only 3 percent of MPs were women. Since 1987, the number of non-white MPs has increased from four Labour MPs to 65 in 2019, 41 Labour Party MPs, 22 Conservatives, and two who belong to the Liberal Democrats. With a 2024 general election likely, the composition of parliament is set to change significantly. Although a Labour majority is currently the most likely outcome based on recent polls, whichever party wins will probably lead the most ethnically diverse parliament in history, as well as the one with the highest number of female MPs.

Mid-year (30 June) estimates of the usual resident population for Westminster Parliamentary constituencies in England and Wales.

As of March 2025, approximately 26 percent of people in the UK would vote for the governing Labour Party in a potential general election, just ahead of the Reform Party on 25 percent, with the Conservatives third on 21 percent. Since returning to power, support for the Labour Party has fallen considerably, with the government's sinking approval rating approaching the unpopularity of the previous government. Labour's return to power in 2024 On May 22, 2024, Rishi Sunak announced his decision to hold the 2024 general election on July 4. Sunak's surprise announcement came shortly after some positive economic figures were released in the UK, and he may have hoped this would boost his poor job ratings and perhaps also his government's low approval ratings. This was a long-shot, however, and as predicted in the polls, Labour won the 2024 general election by a landslide, winning 412 out of 650 seats. The sting in the tale for the Labour Party was that despite this large majority, they won a relatively low share of the votes and almost immediately saw their popularity fall in the second half of 2024. Sunak's five pledges in 2023 After a tough 2022, in which Britain suffered through its worst cost of living crisis in a generation, the economy was consistently identified as the main issue facing the country, just ahead of healthcare. To respond to these concerns, Rishi Sunak started 2023 with five pledges; halve inflation, grow the economy, reduce national debt, cut NHS waiting times, and stop small boats. By the end of that year, just one pledge can be said to have been fully realized, with CPI inflation falling from 10.1 percent at the start of 2023 to four percent by the end of it. There is some ambiguity regarding the success of some of the other pledges. The economy shrank in the last two quarters of 2023 but started to grow again in early 2024. National debt increased slightly, while small boat arrivals declined compared to 2022, but were still higher than in most other years. The pledge to cut NHS waiting times was not fulfilled either, with the number of people awaiting treatment rising in 2023.

The Labour Party won 412 seats in the 2024 general election, ending 14 years of Conservative rule, after they won just 121 seats. Between 1918 and 2024, there have been 29 elections in the United Kingdom, resulting in 13 Conservative governments, 12 Labour governments, and four national or coalition governments. The Conservative Party won the most seats in the 1931 general elections at 522, by comparison, the Labour Party won 418 seats in the 1997 general elections, their largest number to date.

In 2022 the Labour Party was estimated to have approximately 432,000 members, by far the most of any political party in the United Kingdom. The following three largest parties in terms of members were the Conservatives at 172,000, the Scottish National Party at 104,000, and the Liberal Democrats at 74,000. Smaller parties such as the Green Party had 54,000 members, and the Welsh Independence party; Plaid Cymru had 10,000 members. Labour Party also has largest number of followers on key social media sites. A 2024 general elections looms The next UK general election must take place by January 2025, with a Spring or Autumn 2024 election date likely. As of early 2024, the Labour Party is polling much higher than the Conservative party in a potential general election, and has enjoyed a large lead since late 2022. The collapse in support for the Conservative party corresponds with to their poor political performance that year, which saw the resignation of two Prime Ministers, Boris Johnson, and Liz Truss, the latter of which resigned after less than 50 days in the role. Although Truss' replacement, Rishi Sunak managed to restore a degree of stability to the UK government, his rating as Prime Minister has gradually sunk, along with the Conservatives prospects of reelection.

Labour locked out of power since 2010 While the Labour Party is in a good position to win the next election, it has also not been in power since 2010 and has struggled to oust successive Tory governments. Although polls suggested they might win in 2015, the result was actually a convincing win for the Conservatives. This was followed by the Brexit referendum in 2016, leading to a period of political chaos in the UK. A snap 2017 general election saw Labour increase their vote share enough to deny the Conservatives an overall majority but not win themselves. In the 2019 general election, Labour suffered its worst result since the 1930s, winning just 203 seats , 59 fewer than in 2017, and as a share of the vote, a drop of 7.8 percent.

The annual salary received by members of the United States Congress in 2025 is 174,000 U.S. dollars. This has been the case since 2009. The Government Ethics Reform Act of 1989 provides an automatic cost of living adjustment increase in line with the

In 2024 general elections, the National Democratic Party (NDA) in India won the majority of Lok Sabha seats standing at 292, a fall from 343 seats in 2019 .The NDA is led by the ruling BJP, headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. INDIA is a political alliance of more than 25 political parties in India, which was founded in July 2023 in an unprecedented attempt to be strong opposition to the NDA. The INDI Alliance garnered major gains in 2024 but lost to the incumbent BJP.