🇬🇧 영국 English The London Workplace Zone Classification (LWZC) uses data from 2011 census and other sources to segment London’s workplace zones into categories based on workers’ and businesses’ characteristics. A total of 92 variables were used to classify the 8,154 workplace zones in London. A list of workplace zones by LWZC Group and Sub group can be found in LWZC Classification.xls and underlying data are in Workplace zone dashboard.xlsx Pdf maps showing the classification for each borough are in LWZC borough maps.zip and a tool to explore the classification is at https://data.london.gov.uk/census/lwzc/visualisation-tool/ A detailed description of the Groups and Subgroups is given in the LWZC user guide.pdf with more detail on data and methodology in LWZC Technical Report.pdf

A lookup between workplace zones and local government districts with workplace zone and LAD classifications as at 31 December 2018 in Northern Ireland. (File size - 768 KB).Field Names - WZ11CD, WZC11CD, WZC11NM, LAD18CD, LAD18NM, LACCD, LACNM, RGN11CD, RGN11NM, CTRY11CD, CTRY11NMField Types - Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, TextField Lengths - 9, 2, 35, 9, 41, 4, 28, 9, 16, 9, 16REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/WZ11_LAD18_NI_LU_Classification_8ce4f64229e14d49a279bf35366dc1cf/FeatureServer

The London Workplace Zone Classification (LWZC) uses data from 2011 census and other sources to segment London’s workplace zones into categories based on workers’ and businesses’ characteristics. A total of 92 variables were used to classify the 8,154 workplace zones in London. A list of workplace zones by LWZC Group and Sub group can be found in LWZC Classification.xls and underlying data are in Workplace zone dashboard.xlsx Pdf maps showing the classification for each borough are in LWZC borough maps.zip and a tool to explore the classification is at https://data.london.gov.uk/census/lwzc/visualisation-tool/ A detailed description of the Groups and Subgroups is given in the LWZC user guide.pdf with more detail on data and methodology in LWZC Technical Report.pdf

A best fit lookup between Workplace Zones (WZ), local authority districts (LAD) and regions (RGN) as at 31 December 2011, built-up area sub-divisions (BUASD) and built-up areas (BUA) as at 27 March 2011 (Census day) in England and Wales. (File Size 6.2MB).Field Names – WZ11CD, BUASD11CD, BUASD11NM, BUA11CD, BUA11NM, LAD11CD, LAD11NM, LAD11NMW, RGN11CD, RGN11NM, RGN11NMW

Field Types – Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text

Field Lengths – 9, 9, 47, 9, 58, 9, 28, 24, 9, 24, 24REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/WZ11_BUASD11_BUA11_LAD11_RGN11_EW_LU_679e0e0fa0b2484e92171c9557ed1da5/FeatureServer

For more information and an overview of best-fitting follow this link - https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/datasets/f0aac7ccbfd04cda9eb03e353c613faa/about

A lookup between Workplace Zones (WZ), Middle Layer Super Output Areas (MSOA) and local authority districts (LAD) as at 31 December 2020 in England and Wales. (File Size 10 MB).Field Names – WZ11CD, MSOA11CD, MSOA11NM, LAD20CD, LAD20NM, FIDField Types – Text, Text, Text, Text, TextField Lengths – 9, 9, 32, 9, 36FID = The FID, or Feature ID is created by the publication process when the names and codes / lookup products are published to the Open Geography portal.REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/WZ11_MSOA11_LAD20_EW_LU_6c6a21812d804d28b64cc96af78d5250/FeatureServer

A lookup file between Output Areas (OA), Workplace Zones (WZ) and local authority districts (LAD) as at 31 December 2011 in England and Wales. This lookup has been provided with an 'indicator' field, that define the lookup between 2011 OA and WZ. There are four designated categories to describe the changes, and these are as follows: - E - Where an OA is the same as a WZ. - S - Split. This is where the OA has been split into two or more WZ. There will be one record for each OA that has been split into a WZ. - M - Merged. This is where two or more OA have been merged to form a WZ. - X - The relationship between the OA and the WZ is irregular and fragmented. There are instances where an OA has not exactly matched to a WZ. This is where the OA may have been either split then merged or merged then split, but into fragments that do not allow exact joining between OA and WZ. The constraints on WZ creation were to ensure a minimum of 100 workers and three workplace postcodes, and to constrain within MSOA. The 'X' code indicates it was not possible to meet these constraints and to create WZ purely through splits or mergers of OA. (File Size 8.7MB).Field Names – OA11CD, WZ11CD, LAD11CD, LAD11NM, LAD11NMW, IND

Field Types – Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text

Field Lengths – 9, 9, 9, 36, 36, 1REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/OA11_WZ11_LAD11_EW_LU_1e30e50424db4e97818d93e28fd2de3f/FeatureServer

A lookup file between Output Areas (OA), Workplace Zones (WZ) and local authority districts (LAD) as at 31 December 2011 in England and Wales.

A lookup between Workplace Zones (WZ), Middle Layer Super Output Areas (MSOA) and local authority districts (LAD) as at 31 December 2020 in England and Wales. (File Size 10 MB).Field Names – WZ11CD, MSOA11CD, MSOA11NM, LAD20CD, LAD20NM, FIDField Types – Text, Text, Text, Text, TextField Lengths – 9, 9, 32, 9, 36FID = The FID, or Feature ID is created by the publication process when the names and codes / lookup products are published to the Open Geography portal.

A lookup between workplace zones, middle layer super output areas and local authority districts with workplace zone and LAD classifications as at 31 December 2017 in Great Britain. (File size - 28MB)

A best-fit lookup between Workplace Zones (WZ), local authority districts (LAD) and regions (RGN) as at 31 December 2011, built-up area sub-divisions (BUASD) and built-up areas (BUA) as at 27 March 2011 (Census day) in England and Wales. (File Size 6.2MB).Field Names – WZ11CD, BUASD11CD, BUASD11NM, BUA11CD, BUA11NM, LAD11CD, LAD11NM, LAD11NMW, RGN11CD, RGN11NM, RGN11NMW

Field Types – Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text

Field Lengths – 9, 9, 47, 9, 58, 9, 36, 36, 9, 24, 24

A lookup between workplace zones, middle layer super output areas and local authority districts with workplace zone and LAD classifications as at 31 December 2017 in Great Britain. (File size - 3 MB)

Field Names - WZ11CD, WZC11CD, WZC11NM, MSOA11CD, MSOA11NM, LAD17CD, LAD17NM, LACCD, LACNM, RGN11CD, RGN11NM, CTRY11CD, CTRY11NM

Field Types - Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text

Field Lengths - 9, 2, 57, 9, 58, 9, 36, 4, 36, 9, 24, 9, 17REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/WZ11_MSOA11_LAD17_GB_LU_Classification_a32e14bc85dc43ca8c3903b3051bd6a7/FeatureServer

Field Names – WZ11CD, MSOA11CD, MSOA11NM, LAD20CD, LAD20NM, FIDField Types – Text, Text, Text, Text, TextField Lengths – 9, 9, 32, 9, 36FID = The FID, or Feature ID is created by the publication process when the names and codes / lookup products are published to the Open Geography portal.REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/WZ11_MSOA11_LAD20_EW_LU_6c6a21812d804d28b64cc96af78d5250/FeatureServer

Field Names - WZ11CD, WZC11CD, WZC11NM, MSOA11CD, MSOA11NM, LAD17CD, LAD17NM, LACCD, LACNM, RGN11CD, RGN11NM, CTRY11CD, CTRY11NM Field Types - Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text Field Lengths - 9, 2, 57, 9, 58, 9, 36, 4, 36, 9, 24, 9, 17REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/WZ11_MSOA11_LAD17_GB_LU_Classification_a32e14bc85dc43ca8c3903b3051bd6a7/FeatureServer

A best-fit lookup between postcodes, frozen 2011 Census Output Areas (OA), Workplace Zones (WZ), Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOA), Middle Layer Super Output Areas (MSOA) and current local authority districts (LAD) along with OA, WZ, and LAD classifications as at May 2020 in the UK. Postcodes are best-fitted by plotting the location of the postcode's mean address into the areas of the output geographies. (File size 46MB).Field Names - PCD7, PCD8, PCDS, DOINTR, DOTERM, USERTYPE, OSEAST1M, OSNRTH1M, OA11CD, OAC11CD, OAC11NM, WZ11CD, WZC11CD, WZC11NM, LSOA11CD, LSOA11NM, MSOA11CD, MSOA11NM, LADCD, LADNM, LADNMW, LACCD, LACNMField Types - Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, TextField Lengths - 7, 8, 8, 6, 6, 1, 6, 7, 9, 3, 48, 9, 2, 60, 9, 63, 9, 35, 9, 36, 35, 3, 48

Field Names – WZ11CD, BUASD11CD, BUASD11NM, BUA11CD, BUA11NM, LAD11CD, LAD11NM, LAD11NMW, RGN11CD, RGN11NM, RGN11NMW Field Types – Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text Field Lengths – 9, 9, 47, 9, 58, 9, 28, 24, 9, 24, 24REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/WZ11_BUASD11_BUA11_LAD11_RGN11_EW_LU_679e0e0fa0b2484e92171c9557ed1da5/FeatureServer For more information and an overview of best-fitting follow this link - https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/datasets/f0aac7ccbfd04cda9eb03e353c613faa/about

This lookup has been provided with an 'indicator' field, that define the lookup between 2011 OA and WZ. There are four designated categories to describe the changes, and these are as follows: - E - Where an OA is the same as a WZ. - S - Split. This is where the OA has been split into two or more WZ. There will be one record for each OA that has been split into a WZ. - M - Merged. This is where two or more OA have been merged to form a WZ. - X - The relationship between the OA and the WZ is irregular and fragmented. There are instances where an OA has not exactly matched to a WZ. This is where the OA may have been either split then merged or merged then split, but into fragments that do not allow exact joining between OA and WZ. The constraints on WZ creation were to ensure a minimum of 100 workers and three workplace postcodes, and to constrain within MSOA. The 'X' code indicates it was not possible to meet these constraints and to create WZ purely through splits or mergers of OA. (File Size 8.7MB).Field Names – OA11CD, WZ11CD, LAD11CD, LAD11NM, LAD11NMW, IND

Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, the decennial census is the official source of population totals for April 1st of each decennial year. In between censuses, the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program produces and disseminates the official estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and estimates of housing units for states and counties..Information about the American Community Survey (ACS) can be found on the ACS website. Supporting documentation including code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing, and a full list of ACS tables and table shells (without estimates) can be found on the Technical Documentation section of the ACS website.Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Methodology section..Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2018-2022 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see ACS Technical Documentation). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables..Tables for Workplace Geography are only available for States; Counties; Places; County Subdivisions in selected states (CT, ME, MA, MI, MN, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT, WI); Combined Statistical Areas; Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and their associated Metropolitan Divisions and Principal Cities; Combined New England City and Town Areas; New England City and Town Areas, and their associated Divisions and Principal Cities. Tables B08601, B08602, B08603, and B08604 are also available for Place parts and County Subdivision parts for the 5-year ACS datasets..These tabulations are produced to provide estimates of workers at the location of their workplace. Estimates of counts of workers at the workplace may differ from those of other programs because of variations in definitions, coverage, methods of collection, reference periods, and estimation procedures. The ACS is a household survey which provides data that pertains to individuals, families, and households..Workers include members of the Armed Forces and civilians who were at work last week..The 2018-2022 American Community Survey (ACS) data generally reflect the March 2020 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delineations of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas. In certain instances, the names, codes, and boundaries of the principal cities shown in ACS tables may differ from the OMB delineation lists due to differences in the effective dates of the geographic entities..Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on 2020 Census data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization..Explanation of Symbols:- The estimate could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations. For a ratio of medians estimate, one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution. For a 5-year median estimate, the margin of error associated with a median was larger than the median itself.N The estimate or margin of error cannot be displayed because there were an insufficient number of sample cases in the selected geographic area. (X) The estimate or margin of error is not applicable or not available.median- The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "2,500-")median+ The median falls in the highest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "250,000+").** The margin of error could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations.*** The margin of error could not be computed because the median falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution.***** A margin of error is not appropriate because the corresponding estimate is controlled to an independent population or housing estimate. Effectively, the corresponding estimate has no sampling error and the margin of error may be treated as zero.

Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, for 2020, the 2020 Census provides the official counts of the population and housing units for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns. For 2016 to 2019, the Population Estimates Program provides estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and intercensal housing unit estimates for the nation, states, and counties..Supporting documentation on code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Technical Documentation section.Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Methodology section..Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2016-2020 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see ACS Technical Documentation). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables..Tables for Workplace Geography are only available for States; Counties; Places; County Subdivisions in selected states (CT, ME, MA, MI, MN, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT, WI); Combined Statistical Areas; Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and their associated Metropolitan Divisions and Principal Cities; Combined New England City and Town Areas; New England City and Town Areas, and their associated Divisions and Principal Cities. Tables B08601, B08602, B08603, and B08604 are also available for Place parts and County Subdivision parts for the 5-year ACS datasets..These tabulations are produced to provide estimates of workers at the location of their workplace. Estimates of counts of workers at the workplace may differ from those of other programs because of variations in definitions, coverage, methods of collection, reference periods, and estimation procedures. The ACS is a household survey which provides data that pertains to individuals, families, and households..Workers include members of the Armed Forces and civilians who were at work last week..The 2016-2020 American Community Survey (ACS) data generally reflect the September 2018 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delineations of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas. In certain instances, the names, codes, and boundaries of the principal cities shown in ACS tables may differ from the OMB delineation lists due to differences in the effective dates of the geographic entities..Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on Census 2010 data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization..Explanation of Symbols:- The estimate could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations. For a ratio of medians estimate, one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution.N The estimate or margin of error cannot be displayed because there were an insufficient number of sample cases in the selected geographic area. (X) The estimate or margin of error is not applicable or not available.median- The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "2,500-")median+ The median falls in the highest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "250,000+").** The margin of error could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations.*** The margin of error could not be computed because the median falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution.***** A margin of error is not appropriate because the corresponding estimate is controlled to an independent population or housing estimate. Effectively, the corresponding estimate has no sampling error and the margin of error may be treated as zero.

Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, it is the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program that produces and disseminates the official estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and estimates of housing units for states and counties..Supporting documentation on code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Technical Documentation section.Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Methodology section..Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017-2021 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see ACS Technical Documentation). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables..Tables for Workplace Geography are only available for States; Counties; Places; County Subdivisions in selected states (CT, ME, MA, MI, MN, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT, WI); Combined Statistical Areas; Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and their associated Metropolitan Divisions and Principal Cities; Combined New England City and Town Areas; New England City and Town Areas, and their associated Divisions and Principal Cities. Tables B08601, B08602, B08603, and B08604 are also available for Place parts and County Subdivision parts for the 5-year ACS datasets..These tabulations are produced to provide estimates of workers at the location of their workplace. Estimates of counts of workers at the workplace may differ from those of other programs because of variations in definitions, coverage, methods of collection, reference periods, and estimation procedures. The ACS is a household survey which provides data that pertains to individuals, families, and households..Workers include members of the Armed Forces and civilians who were at work last week..The 2017-2021 American Community Survey (ACS) data generally reflect the March 2020 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delineations of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas. In certain instances, the names, codes, and boundaries of the principal cities shown in ACS tables may differ from the OMB delineation lists due to differences in the effective dates of the geographic entities..Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on Census 2010 data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization..Explanation of Symbols:- The estimate could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations. For a ratio of medians estimate, one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution. For a 5-year median estimate, the margin of error associated with a median was larger than the median itself.N The estimate or margin of error cannot be displayed because there were an insufficient number of sample cases in the selected geographic area. (X) The estimate or margin of error is not applicable or not available.median- The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "2,500-")median+ The median falls in the highest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "250,000+").** The margin of error could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations.*** The margin of error could not be computed because the median falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution.***** A margin of error is not appropriate because the corresponding estimate is controlled to an independent population or housing estimate. Effectively, the corresponding estimate has no sampling error and the margin of error may be treated as zero.

Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, it is the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program that produces and disseminates the official estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and estimates of housing units for states and counties..Supporting documentation on code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Technical Documentation section.Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Methodology section..Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2015-2019 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see ACS Technical Documentation). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables..Tables for Workplace Geography are only available for States; Counties; Places; County Subdivisions in selected states (CT, ME, MA, MI, MN, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT, WI); Combined Statistical Areas; Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and their associated Metropolitan Divisions and Principal Cities; Combined New England City and Town Areas; New England City and Town Areas, and their associated Divisions and Principal Cities. Tables B08601, B08602, B08603, and B08604 are also available for Place parts and County Subdivision parts for the 5-year ACS datasets..These tabulations are produced to provide estimates of workers at the location of their workplace. Estimates of counts of workers at the workplace may differ from those of other programs because of variations in definitions, coverage, methods of collection, reference periods, and estimation procedures. The ACS is a household survey which provides data that pertains to individuals, families, and households..Workers include members of the Armed Forces and civilians who were at work last week..2019 ACS data products include updates to several categories of the existing means of transportation question. For more information, see: Change to Means of Transportation..The 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS) data generally reflect the September 2018 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delineations of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas. In certain instances, the names, codes, and boundaries of the principal cities shown in ACS tables may differ from the OMB delineation lists due to differences in the effective dates of the geographic entities..Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on Census 2010 data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization..Explanation of Symbols:An "**" entry in the margin of error column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute a standard error and thus the margin of error. A statistical test is not appropriate.An "-" entry in the estimate column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution, or the margin of error associated with a median was larger than the median itself.An "-" following a median estimate means the median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution.An "+" following a median estimate means the median falls in the upper interval of an open-ended distribution.An "***" entry in the margin of error column indicates that the median falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A statistical test is not appropriate.An "*****" entry in the margin of error column indicates that the estimate is controlled. A statistical test for sampling variability is not appropriate. An "N" entry in the estimate and margin of error columns indicates that data for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small.An "(X)" means that the estimate is not applicable or not available.