The coronavirus pandemic has had catastrophic consequences on small businesses in the United States. Between March and August 2020, monthly online searches for "small business loan forgiveness" increased by over 115,270 percent compared to the previous year. During that period, small businesses were also featured in seven of the top ten fastest growing search queries relating to "loans" in the United States.

As a result of the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis, many people worldwide faced job insecurity and income disruption. For mortgage borrowers in the United States, this means increased risk of delayed loan repayment, default and foreclosure.

In April 2020, the share of single-family housing mortgages owned by Freddie Mac that were in forbearance and delinquent for ** days spiked to ** percent. One year later, as of April 2021, approximately ** percent of the mortgage loans in forbearance were delinquent for over *** days.

Due to the extensive economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Kingdom's Government created a range of measures to help support businesses survive the loss in revenues and cashflow. The help smaller businesses (SMEs), the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme (CBILS) was set up. The scheme operates through the British Business Bank via more than ** accredited lenders including high street banks, challenger banks, asset based lenders and smaller specialist local lenders. These lenders can then provide up to ************ British pounds (GBP) in the form of term loans, overdraft, invoice finance and asset finance.

Between the **** of May, 2020 and the **** of May, 2021, the cumulative value of lending through the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme (CBILS) reached approximately ***** billion British pounds with more than ******* facilities approved.

This dataset includes small business loans or grants issued for emergency COVID-19 financial assistance. Underlying data is provided by the Department of Small Business Services (SBS). Dollar amounts are in actual dollars.

The Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) is a nearly $1 trillion business loan program started in 2020 under the Trump administration to provide relief to businesses struggling due to the Coronavirus epidemic.

This program that was managed by the Small Business Administration (SBA) offers loans to companies based on current payroll expense. The exact amount a business qualifies for depends on a number of factors including corporate structure, but generally follows the guidelines below:

Average monthly payroll (using a maximum annual salary per employee of $100,000) * 2.5

in 2020, a judge ordered the SBA to release all data on PPP loans, even those loans made for less than $150,000.

This dataset represents only businesses who received loans of more than $150,000, and presents an interesting opportunity for researchers in the data science community. Some potential projects are listed below: - Exploring loan amounts industries and business types - Using this data as features to predict business metrics such as company size, revenue, risk of bankruptcy. - Tracking important demographic statistics related to loan amounts and any potential bias in the program.

The number of community banks in the United States has fallen from more than 13,000 in the mid-1980s to less than 5,000 today. These community-focused banks have consolidated mainly as a result of competitive pressures. Research shows that community banks are essential to maintaining economically fruitful communities, and losing these banks could be a significant blow to local infrastructure.

One example of the importance of community banks was their role in distributing Paycheck Protection Program (PPP)1 loans during the Covid-19 pandemic. The PPP was designed to help small businesses keep their workers employed during the pandemic by providing funds through a short-term loan backed by the Small Business Administration (SBA). Preliminary research by CSBS shows that state-chartered banks were the primary distributor of PPP loans, and that community banks played an outsized role in the distribution of PPP funds.

CSBS is providing complete loan-level PPP data [available here (full file, 300MB), here (sample data) and here (data definitions)] that combines the publicly available files made available on sba.gov. To allow for analysis on depository institutions, CSBS will also be adding FDIC Certificate numbers to this file. When the institution is a bank, the FDIC Certificate number will allow participants to link the PPP data to the quarterly Call Report of Income and Condition, which can be accessed here. CSBS is also providing a sample dataset that can be updated and examined in Excel. Questions regarding the data can be sent to data@csbs.org. CERT number is based on originating lender, not servicing lender. Field Name Field Description LoanNumber Loan Number (unique identifier) DateApproved Loan Funded Date SBAOfficeCode SBA Origination Office Code ProcessingMethod Loan Delivery Method (PPP for first draw; PPS for second draw) BorrowerName Borrower Name BorrowerAddress Borrower Street Address BorrowerCity Borrower City BorrowerState Borrower State BorrowerZip Borrower Zip Code LoanStatusDate Loan Status Date - Loan Status Date is blank when the loan is disbursed but not Paid In Full or Charged Off LoanStatus Loan Status Description - Loan Status is replaced by 'Exemption 4' when the loan is disbursed but not Paid in Full or Charged Off Term Loan Maturity in Months SBAGuarantyPercentage SBA Guaranty Percentage InitialApprovalAmount Loan Approval Amount (at origination) CurrentApprovalAmount Loan Approval Amount (current) UndisbursedAmount Undisbursed Amount FranchiseName Franchise Name ServicingLenderLocationID Lender Location ID (unique identifier) ServicingLenderName Servicing Lender Name ServicingLenderAddress Servicing Lender Street Address ServicingLenderCity Servicing Lender City ServicingLenderState Servicing Lender State ServicingLenderZip Servicing Lender Zip Code RuralUrbanIndicator Rural or Urban Indicator (R/U) HubzoneIndicator Hubzone Indicator (Y/N) LMIIndicator LMI Indicator (Y/N) BusinessAgeDescription Business Age Description ProjectCity Project City ProjectCountyName Project County Name ProjectState Project State ProjectZip Project Zip Code CD Project Congressional District JobsReported Number of Employees NAICSCode NAICS 6 digit code Race Borrower Race Description Ethnicity Borrower Ethnicity Description UTILITIES_PROCEED Note: Proceed data is lender reported at origination. On the PPP application the proceeds fields were check boxes. PAYROLL_PROCEED MORTGAGE_INTEREST_PROCEED RENT_PROCEED REFINANCE_EIDL_PROCEED HEALTH_CARE_PROCEED DEBT_INTEREST_PROCEED BusinessType Business Type Description OriginatingLenderLocationID Originating Lender ID (unique identifier) OriginatingLender Originating Lender Name OriginatingLenderCity Originating Lender City OriginatingLenderState Originating Lender State Gender Gender Indicator Veteran Veteran Indicator NonProfit 'Yes' if Business Type = Nonprofit Organization or Nonprofit Childcare Center or 501(c) Nonprofit ForgivenessAmount Forgiveness Amount ForgivenessDate Forgiveness Paid Date CERT Community Bank Flag State vs. National Charter

Source - https://www.csbs.org/

Federal government outstanding loan assets as part of COVID-19 business support measures. Data is a stock measure presented at quarter end and is not adjusted for seasonality.

In March 2020, the value of loans fell by almost 50 percent compared to the previous year due to the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Throughout April, the value of loans decreased by 72 percent compared to April last year. Also, there was a significant decrease in the number of loans granted. In April 2020, less than 43 percent of loans were given as compared to 2019.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

This dataset consolidates public U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) data released during the COVID-19 pandemic.

It contains loan-level records issued between April and November 2020, documenting the scale and timing of emergency relief for small businesses across all U.S. states and territories.

The files were retrieved from the SBA’s open-data portal and standardized for analysis in Python (Pandas) and visualization in Tableau.

Fields include: • Loan amount (face value or obligation) • Approval date • State of recipient • Recipient identifier

Analytical use: This data supports exploration of post-COVID economic recovery patterns, showing how federal loan programs helped stabilize small businesses by region and time period.

Source: U.S. Small Business Administration Open Data

Last updated: November 2020

Prepared by: Christopher White (@cwhiteprofessional)

License: U.S. Government Works — This dataset is derived from public SBA data and is not subject to copyright protection under 17 U.S.C. §105. It may be freely reused and shared.

State-guaranteed loans during the COVID-19 crisis The Government is implementing an exceptional guarantee scheme to support the bank financing of companies, up to EUR 300 billion. Until December 31, companies of any size, regardless of the legal form of the company (including companies, traders, craftsmen, farmers, liberal professions, micro-entrepreneurs, associations and foundations engaged in economic activity), with the exception of civil real estate companies, credit institutions and finance companies, will be able to apply to their usual bank for a loan guaranteed by the State to support their cash flow. ### The Business Aid Scoreboard In order to offer visibility to all French people on the allocation of aid to enterprises, the Minister for Action and Public Accounts, with the technical support of the department Etalab of the Inter-Ministerial Directorate of Digital (DINUM), make available a scoreboard of which source code is available, which proposes a consolidated vision of the support provided to companies. ### Description of the data This dataset contains the data presented on the State Guaranteed Loans tab of the dashboard. The data shall inform, at regional and departmental granularity, the following data: — the number of loans guaranteed by the State; — the total amount of loans guaranteed by the State in euros; — the sector of activity of the beneficiary companies (via a section of the NAF code).

As of July 2020, the New York-Newark-Jersey City metropolitan area had a delinquent retail balance, which equaled to more than *********** U.S. dollars during the COVID-19 pandemic. As for the delinquent retail balance of the Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land metropolitan area, it amounted up to only ***** million U.S. dollars during that time period.

In April 2020, due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in Poland, the number of clients applying for loans decreased compared to the same period in 2019. At the same time, the number of customers whose loan applications were rejected increased.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

The Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) is a $953-billion business loan program established by the United States federal government, led by the Donald Trump administration in 2020 through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) to help certain businesses, self-employed workers, sole proprietors, certain non-profit organizations, and tribal businesses continue paying their workers.

The Paycheck Protection Program allows entities to apply for low-interest private loans to pay for their payroll and certain other costs. The amount of a PPP loan is approximately equal to 2.5 times the applicant's average monthly payroll costs. In some cases, an applicant may receive a second draw typically equal to the first. The loan proceeds may be used to cover payroll costs, rent, interest, and utilities. The loan may be partially or fully forgiven if the business keeps its employee counts and employee wages stable. The program is implemented by the U.S. Small Business Administration. The deadline to apply for a PPP loan was March 31, 2021.

Some economists have found that the PPP did not save as many jobs as purported and aided too many businesses that were not at risk of going under. They noted that other programs, such as unemployment insurance, food assistance, and aid to state and local governments, would have been more efficient at strengthening the economy. Opponents to this view note that the PPP functioned well to prevent business closures and cannot be measured on the number of jobs saved alone.

According to a 2022 study, the PPP: cumulatively preserved between 2 and 3 million job-years of employment over 14 months at a cost of $169K to $258K per job-year retained. These numbers imply that only 23 to 34 percent of PPP dollars went directly to workers who would otherwise have lost jobs; the balance flowed to business owners and shareholders, including creditors and suppliers of PPP-receiving firms. Program incidence was ultimately highly regressive, with about three-quarters of PPP funds accruing to the top quintile of households. PPP's breakneck scale-up, its high cost per job saved, and its regressive incidence have a common origin: PPP was essentially untargeted because the United States lacked the administrative infrastructure to do otherwise. Harnessing modern administrative systems, other high-income countries were able to better target pandemic business aid to firms in financial distress. Building similar capacity in the U.S. would enable improved targeting when the next pandemic or other large-scale economic emergency inevitably arises.

Additional Information Field: Value Created: April 5, 2022 Format: CSV License: Other (Public Domain) Size: 428.6 MiB

The Russian government allocated nearly 46 billion Russian rubles from the state's reserve fund to stimulating payments to doctors during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Furthermore, over 33 billion Russian rubles were distributed to grants for regions to increase the number of hospital beds.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

Context

Created under the Cares Act as a response to COVID economic disruption, the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) offered emergency loans to small businesses in the United States with the goal of reducing job losses. To promote the program, borrowers may be eligible for loan forgiveness if at least 60% of the loan proceeds were used to pay workers.

Content

There are 3 data files:

• ppp_loan_data.cvs: In addition to the loan amount (in U.S. dollars), the data file contains loan-level demographic information on the loans originated under the PPP program. Geographic fields include state, city, U.S. Congressional District, and zip code. It also includes business ownership type and a detailed NAICS code indicating the borrower's type of business, originating bank, and some borrower characteristics.

• naics_6.csv: this file contains industry names to accompany the NAICS code in the data file

• zip_county_crosswalk.cvs: this file maps zip codes to U.S. counties for anyone interested in incorporating additional demographic, economic, or other data of interest.

Acknowledgements

This data comes from the U.S. Small Business Administration (https://www.sba.gov/funding-programs/loans/coronavirus-relief-options/paycheck-protection-program).

The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the financial sector in Colombia. Since the beginning of the isolation period in ************** until September of the same year, a grand total of ***** million credits were granted in the South American country. The vast majority corresponded to credit cards, with approximately *** million. Companies in Colombia received the second largest number of credits during the pandemic.

RRF funding aims to fill gaps in immediate working capital for small businesses and nonprofits (including cultural organizations) until they can resume more normal operations. Recipients may or may not have applied for additional funding through Small Business Administration (SBA) loans and other federal disaster relief funding sources. Using $2 million of the City’s share of Food and Beverage Tax funds that the Bloomington Common Council approved for expenditure April 7, plus $500,000 of additional support approved by the Bloomington Urban Enterprise Association on April 8, the City is providing these immediate loans of up to $50,000 each to sustain area businesses in the short term and foster the regional economy. An advisory committee was appointed by the City of Bloomington to review applications and make recommendations for funding. This committee includes representatives from banking, financial services, and community organizations. Additionally, applicants may seek support on their application by contacting the City of Bloomington at economicvitality@bloomington.in.gov. For more information about this and other Recover Forward efforts, see: https://bloomington.in.gov/recoverforward

We apply data from the Federal Reserve’s Small Business Credit Survey from 2016 to 2020 to estimate disparities in access to small business financing through loan denials and discouragement. We find that substantial credit disparities continue to exist despite the growth of fintech lenders, which prior research shows have expanded the set of small businesses receiving credit. Because the pandemic period brought many direct changes to the business and lending environment, we separately analyze the change to lending in 2020. PPP loans represented an unprecedented support for small businesses, support that was not dependent on the creditworthiness of businesses, but minority-owned businesses are estimated to have received a smaller fraction of the funds they applied for from the program. This paper has been accepted for publication in Economic Development Quarterly , https://doi.org/10.1177/08912424231168331 .