The UK inflation rate was 3.6 percent in June 2025, up from 3.4 percent in the previous month, and the fastest rate of inflation since January 2024. Between September 2022 and March 2023, the UK experienced seven months of double-digit inflation, which peaked at 11.1 percent in October 2022. Due to this long period of high inflation, UK consumer prices have increased by over 20 percent in the last three years. As of the most recent month, prices were rising fastest in the communications sector, at 6.1 percent, but were falling in both the furniture and transport sectors, at -0.3 percent and -0.6 percent, respectively.
The Cost of Living Crisis High inflation is one of the main factors behind the ongoing Cost of Living Crisis in the UK, which, despite subsiding somewhat in 2024, is still impacting households going into 2025. In December 2024, for example, 56 percent of UK households reported their cost of living was increasing compared with the previous month, up from 45 percent in July, but far lower than at the height of the crisis in 2022. After global energy prices spiraled that year, the UK's energy price cap increased substantially. The cap, which limits what suppliers can charge consumers, reached 3,549 British pounds per year in October 2022, compared with 1,277 pounds a year earlier. Along with soaring food costs, high-energy bills have hit UK households hard, especially lower income ones that spend more of their earnings on housing costs. As a result of these factors, UK households experienced their biggest fall in living standards in decades in 2022/23. Global inflation crisis causes rapid surge in prices The UK's high inflation, and cost of living crisis in 2022 had its origins in the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the initial waves of the virus, global supply chains struggled to meet the renewed demand for goods and services. Food and energy prices, which were already high, increased further in 2022. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 brought an end to the era of cheap gas flowing to European markets from Russia. The war also disrupted global food markets, as both Russia and Ukraine are major exporters of cereal crops. As a result of these factors, inflation surged across Europe and in other parts of the world, but typically declined in 2023, and approached more usual levels by 2024.

Inflation Rate in the United Kingdom increased to 3.80 percent in July from 3.60 percent in June of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2024, the annual inflation rate for the United Kingdom was 2.5 percent, with the average rate for 2025 predicted to rise to 3.2 percent, revised upwards from an earlier prediction of 2.6 percent. The UK has only recently recovered from a period of elevated inflation, which saw the CPI rate reach 9.1 percent in 2022, and 7.3 percent in 2023. Despite an uptick in inflation expected in 2025, the inflation rate is expected to fall to 2.1 percent in 2026, and two percent between 2027 and 2029. UK inflation crisis Between 2021 and 2023, inflation surged in the UK, reaching a 41-year-high of 11.1 percent in October 2022. Although inflation fell to more usual levels by 2024, prices in the UK had already increased by over 20 percent relative to the start of the crisis. The two main drivers of price increases during this time were food and energy inflation, two of the main spending areas of UK households. Although food and energy prices came down quite sharply in 2023, underlying core inflation, which measures prices rises without food and energy, remained slightly above the headline inflation rate throughout 2024, suggesting some aspects of inflation had become embedded in the UK economy. Inflation rises across in the world in 2022 The UK was not alone in suffering from runaway inflation over the last few years. From late 2021 onwards, various factors converged to encourage a global acceleration of prices, leading to the ongoing inflation crisis. Blocked-up supply chains were one of the main factors as the world emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic. This was followed by energy and food inflation skyrocketing after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Central bank interest rates were raised globally in response to the problem, possibly putting an end to the era of cheap money that has defined monetary policy since the financial crash of 2008.

In 2024, the average inflation rate in the United Kingdom was approximately 2.53 percent. Between 1980 and 2024, the figure dropped by around 14.32 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory. The inflation is forecast to decline by about 0.53 percentage points from 2024 to 2030, fluctuating as it trends downward.This indicator measures inflation based upon the year-on-year change in the average consumer price index, expressed in percent. The latter expresses a country's average level of prices based on a typical basket of consumer goods and services.

Cost of food in the United Kingdom increased 4.90 percent in July of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United Kingdom Food Inflation - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The inflation rate for the Retail Price Index (RPI) in the United Kingdom was 4.8 percent in June 2025, up from 4.4 percent in the previous month. From 2021 onwards, prices in the UK rose rapidly, with the RPI inflation rate peaking at 14.2 percent in October 2022. Although inflation fell in subsequent months, it wasn't until July 2023 that inflation fell below double digits, and as of late 2024, the RPI rate was still above three percent. The CPI and CPIH While the retail price index is still a popular method of calculating inflation, the consumer price index (CPI) is the current main measurement of inflation in the UK. There is also an additional price index, which includes some extra housing costs, known as the Consumer Price Index including homer occupiers' costs (CPIH) index, which is seen by the UK's Office of National Statistics as the official inflation rate. As of December 2024, the CPI inflation rate stood at 2.5 percent, while the CPIH rate was 3.5 percent. Core inflation down in 2024 Another way of measuring inflation is to strip out the volatility of energy and food prices and look at the underlying core inflation rate. As of December 2024, this was 3.2 percent, slightly higher than the overall CPI rate, but more aligned with the overall figure than it was in 2022 and 2023. When inflation peaked at 11.2 percent in October 2022, for example, core inflation stood at just 6.5 percent. After energy prices in 2023 fell relative to 2022, the overall inflation rate in the UK declined quite rapidly, with core inflation overtaking the overall rate in July 2023. During the most recent period of high inflation, core inflation peaked at 7.1 percent in May 2023, and while taking longer to fall than the overall figure, has generally been declining since then.

Introduction This note summarises trends in pay in London and the UK since 2010 and compares them to inflation trends. The focus is on median gross weekly earnings for all employees (full- and part-time) working in London. The counterfactual analysis is based on annual pay estimates. ### Notes on the data * The employee pay estimates in this note do not cover self-employed jobs and come from a survey of UK businesses. There are, moreover, several discontinuities in the ONS ASHE series (e.g. in 2004, 2006, 2011 and 2021). The growth rates calculated over these periods are illustrative, not precise figures. * During the pandemic earnings estimates were affected by compositional changes and the furlough scheme, making interpretation more difficult. Data collection disruption and lower response rates also mean that estimates for 2020 and 2021 are subject to greater uncertainty. * Real earnings (earnings adjusted for inflation) have been calculated by adjusting nominal (unadjusted) earnings using the Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers’ housing costs (CPIH). The CPIH is the most comprehensive measure of inflation in the UK.

Introduction This note summarises trends in pay in London and the UK since 2010 and compares them to inflation trends. The focus is on median gross weekly earnings for all employees (full- and part-time) working in London. The counterfactual analysis is based on annual pay estimates. Notes on the data The employee pay estimates in this note do not cover self-employed jobs and come from a survey of UK businesses. There are, moreover, several discontinuities in the ONS ASHE series (e.g. in 2004, 2006, 2011 and 2021). The growth rates calculated over these periods are illustrative, not precise figures. During the pandemic earnings estimates were affected by compositional changes and the furlough scheme, making interpretation more difficult. Data collection disruption and lower response rates also mean that estimates for 2020 and 2021 are subject to greater uncertainty. Real earnings (earnings adjusted for inflation) have been calculated by adjusting nominal (unadjusted) earnings using the Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers’ housing costs (CPIH). The CPIH is the most comprehensive measure of inflation in the UK.

The inflation rate for restaurants and hotels in the United Kingdom was *** percent in the second quarter of 2025, which was below the overall inflation rate for that quarter.

The benchmark interest rate in the United Kingdom was last recorded at 4 percent. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Monthly indexes and percentage changes for major components, selected sub-groups and special aggregates of the Consumer Price Index (CPI), not seasonally adjusted, for Canada, provinces, Whitehorse and Yellowknife. Data are presented for the corresponding month of the previous year, the previous month and the current month. The base year for the index is 2002=100.

Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) from January 2014 to June 2025, UK. Summary

In September 2023, Learning and Work was commissioned by the GLA to conduct research into the impact of the rising cost of living on London’s adult education landscape. GLA data shows that in 2023, 17% of Londoners were ‘struggling financially’, and another 30% were ‘just about managing’. Increased inflation also impacted the cost of doing business for London’s skills providers and Further Education (FE) workforce. This report and the summary report are based upon a survey, depth interviews and focus groups with learners, providers, and third sector organisations that provide and campaign for people on low incomes. The fieldwork took place between November 2023 and March 2024. The research provides an account of the impact of the rising cost of living on London’s FE sector.

View LSEG's extensive Economic Data, including content that allows the analysis and monitoring of national economies with historical and real-time series.

The UK residential real estate market, valued at approximately £360.27 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by several key factors. Strong population growth, particularly in urban centers, fuels consistent demand for housing, while low interest rates and government initiatives aimed at boosting homeownership further stimulate market activity. The market is segmented into apartments and condominiums, and landed houses and villas, with each segment exhibiting unique growth trajectories. Apartments and condominiums, particularly in London and other major cities, are expected to see higher demand due to affordability concerns and lifestyle preferences, while landed houses and villas continue to appeal to those seeking more space and privacy, particularly in suburban or rural areas. Competition among major developers such as Berkeley Group, Barratt Developments, and others influences pricing and construction activity. While challenges exist, such as fluctuating economic conditions and rising construction costs, the overall outlook for the UK residential real estate market remains positive. The market's performance is also influenced by broader economic factors, such as inflation and employment rates, and is likely to see regional variations, with London and the South East generally commanding higher prices. The market's growth is expected to continue through 2033, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.75%. This growth will likely be influenced by factors such as evolving demographic trends (including increasing urbanization and family sizes), government policies impacting the housing market, and technological advancements impacting the construction and sales processes. International investment continues to play a significant role, especially in prime London properties. However, the market is susceptible to external shocks, such as changes in interest rates or economic downturns. Understanding these factors is crucial for investors and stakeholders operating within the UK residential real estate sector. Market analysis suggests continued demand for sustainable and energy-efficient housing, influencing the development of future projects. This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the UK residential real estate market, covering the period from 2019 to 2033. With a base year of 2025 and a forecast period spanning 2025-2033, this research offers invaluable insights for investors, developers, and industry professionals seeking to navigate this dynamic market. The report leverages extensive data analysis, covering key segments, emerging trends, and major players, to provide a clear understanding of market dynamics and future growth potential. High-search-volume keywords like UK property market, UK house prices, London property market, UK residential real estate investment, build-to-rent UK, multifamily UK, and UK housing market forecast are integrated throughout to ensure maximum online visibility. Recent developments include: May 2023: A UAE-based investment manager, Rasmala Investment Bank, has launched a USD 2bn ( €1.8bn) UK multifamily strategy for a five-year period to build a USD 2bn portfolio of UK residential properties. The strategy is focused on the UK market for multifamily properties through a Shariah-compliant investment vehicle, initially targeting the serviced apartment (SAP) and BTR (build-to-rent) subsectors within and around London. Seeded by Rasmala Group, the strategy is backed by an active investment pipeline for the next 12 – 18 months., November 2022: ValuStrat, a Middle East consulting company, increased its foothold in the UK by acquiring an interest in Capital Value Surveyors, a real estate advisory services company with offices in London. The UK continues to be one of the most established real estate markets worldwide and attracts foreign investors regularly. They are excited to expand their presence there to better serve all of their clients, both in the UK and the Middle East.. Key drivers for this market are: Demand for New Dwellings Units, Government Initiatives are driving the market. Potential restraints include: Supply Chain Disruptions, Lack of Skilled Labour. Notable trends are: Increasing in the United Kingdom House Prices.

Retail Price Index in the United Kingdom increased to 4.80 percent in July from 4.40 percent in June of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Retail Price Index YoY- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.

(BKG) Berkeley: A Glimpse into London's Future

Financial data:

• Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)

• Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)

• Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)

Machine learning features:

• Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators

• Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles

• Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)

Potential Applications:

• Stock price prediction

• Portfolio optimization

• Algorithmic trading

• Market sentiment analysis

• Risk management

Use Cases:

• Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction

• Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies

• Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models

• Students learning about machine learning and financial applications

Additional Notes:

• The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)

• Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training

• Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data

Housing Index in the United Kingdom increased to 514.30 points in July from 512.40 points in June of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom House Price Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Consumer Price Index CPI in the United Kingdom increased to 139 points in July from 138.90 points in June of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United Kingdom Consumer Price Index (CPI) - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Over the five years through 2024-25, industry revenue is expected to contract at a compound annual rate of 3.4%. Catering services’ revenue has faced great turmoil due to staffing shortages, high inflation and the cost-of-living crisis. Inflationary pressures have limited the amount individuals and businesses spend on their events, including catering, significantly weighing on industry performance, especially in 2023-24. Rising business costs due to inflation and wage pressures have created a harsh environment for catering businesses, causing many to consolidate or close down, as passing prices on to consumers with tightening incomes hasn’t been an option. While inflationary pressures have supported revenue growth for some catering companies that pass the price increases onto consumers, others are experiencing reduced income opportunities as consumers and businesses cut back on non-essential spending amid low confidence. However, consumers' growing health and sustainability awareness is resulting in new caterers entering the industry and existing caterers offering premium-priced organic and meat-free catering options, supporting their growth and innovation. Alongside inflationary pressures, hiked wage costs have pushed up operating costs for caterers, constraining profit growth. Catering service providers mostly hire labour on zero- or part-time contracts to mitigate rising labour costs driven by industry-wide labour shortages. In 2024-25, industry revenue is expected to grow by 1.5%, reaching just under £1.4 billion and profit is anticipated to reach 7.5%. Industry revenue is expected to climb at a compound annual rate of 3.2% over the five years through 2029-30 to £1.6 billion. Labour shortages and rising wages remain key points of concern for the industry, with the National Living Wage set to increase in April 2025. However, the Bank of England cutting interest rates and predicting the inflation rate to fall to 2% in the second half of 2025 will boost business and consumer confidence, encouraging spending on catering services in 2025-26 and beyond. As economic conditions improve, rises in disposable income will also drive demand for catering services. A growing number of private equity companies, will likely invest in catering services, through acquiring smaller competitors, due to high growth potential. As health and sustainability awareness grows, companies will expand their product line to capture the growing market.