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Between 2018 and 2022, people in households in the ‘other’, Asian and black ethnic groups were the most likely to be in persistent low income, both before and after housing costs, out of all ethnic groups.
Number of persons in low income, low income rate and average gap ratio by economic family type, annual.
This release has replaced DWP’s Children in out-of-work benefit households and HMRC’s Personal tax credits: Children in low-income families local measure releases.
For both Relative and Absolute measures, Before Housing Costs, these annual statistics include counts of children by geography, including by:
local authority
Westminster parliamentary constituency
Ward
Middle Super Output Area
year (2014 to 2023)
age of child
gender of child
family type
work status of the family
Find further breakdowns of these statistics on https://stat-xplore.dwp.gov.uk/" class="govuk-link">Stat-Xplore, an online tool for exploring some of DWP’s main statistics.
Find future release dates in the statistics release calendar and more about DWP statistics on the Statistics at DWP page.
Future developments to DWP official statistics and any changes to statistical methodology are outlined in the statistical work programme.
Our statistical practice is regulated by the Office for Statistics Regulation (OSR). OSR sets the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the https://code.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/the-code/" class="govuk-link">Code of Practice for Statistics that all producers of official statistics should adhere to. You are welcome to contact us directly with any comments about how we meet these standards.
Email stats.consultation-2018@dwp.gov.uk
Alternatively, you can contact OSR by emailing regulation@statistics.gov.uk or via the OSR website.
For media enquiries please contact the DWP press office.
This dataset represents the geospatial extent as polygons and the corresponding attribution for census block groups that meet the definition of low-income communities according to the Virginia 2020 Environmental Justice Act: “Low-income community” definition: “’Low-income community’ means any census block group in which 30 percent or more of the population is composed of people with low income.”
The referenced “low income” definition is also provided below: “Low income” definition: “’Low income’ means having an annual household income equal to or less than the greater of (i) an amount equal to 80 percent of the median income of the area in which the household is located, as reported by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and (ii) 200 percent of the Federal Poverty Level.”
This statistical release has been affected by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. We advise users to consult our technical report which provides further detail on how the statistics have been impacted and changes made to published material.
This Households Below Average Income (HBAI) report presents information on living standards in the United Kingdom year on year from financial year ending (FYE) 1995 to FYE 2021.
It provides estimates on the number and percentage of people living in low-income households based on disposable income. Figures are also provided for children, pensioners and working-age adults.
Use our infographic to find out how low income is measured in HBAI.
Most of the figures in this report come from the Family Resources Survey, a representative survey of around 10,000 households in the UK.
Summary data tables and publication charts are available on this page.
The directory of tables is a guide to the information in the summary data tables and publication charts file.
UK-level HBAI data is available from FYE 1995 to FYE 2020 on https://stat-xplore.dwp.gov.uk/webapi/jsf/login.xhtml" class="govuk-link">Stat-Xplore online tool. You can use Stat-Xplore to create your own HBAI analysis. Data for FYE 2021 is not available on Stat-Xplore.
HBAI information is available at:
Read the user guide to HBAI data on Stat-Xplore.
We are seeking feedback from users on this development release of HBAI data on Stat-Xplore: email team.hbai@dwp.gov.uk with your comments.
This service identifies U.S. Census Tracts in which 51% or more of the households earn less than 80 percent of the Area Median Income (AMI). The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program requires that each CDBG funded activity must either principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, aid in the prevention or elimination of slums or blight, or meet a community development need having a particular urgency because existing conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of the community and other financial resources are not available to meet that need. With respect to activities that principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, at least 51 percent of the activity's beneficiaries must be low and moderate income.
Poverty and low-income statistics by disability status, age group, sex and economic family type, Canada, annual.
https://www.energy.ca.gov/conditions-of-usehttps://www.energy.ca.gov/conditions-of-use
This layer shows census tracts that meet the following definitions: Census tracts with median household incomes at or below 80 percent of the statewide median income or with median household incomes at or below the threshold designated as low income by the Department of Housing and Community Development’s list of state income limits adopted under Healthy and Safety Code section 50093 and/or Census tracts receiving the highest 25 percent of overall scores in CalEnviroScreen 4.0 or Census tracts lacking overall scores in CalEnviroScreen 4.0 due to data gaps, but receiving the highest 5 percent of CalEnviroScreen 4.0 cumulative population burden scores or Census tracts identified in the 2017 DAC designation as disadvantaged, regardless of their scores in CalEnviroScreen 4.0 or Lands under the control of federally recognized Tribes.Data downloaded in May 2022 from https://webmaps.arb.ca.gov/PriorityPopulations/.
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United States Household Income: $50,000 to $74,999 data was reported at 16.500 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 16.900 % for 2016. United States Household Income: $50,000 to $74,999 data is updated yearly, averaging 18.900 % from Mar 1967 (Median) to 2017, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24.600 % in 1968 and a record low of 16.500 % in 2017. United States Household Income: $50,000 to $74,999 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.H049: Household Income: by Income Level.
The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program requires that each CDBG funded activity must either principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, aid in the prevention or elimination of slums or blight, or meet a community development need having a particular urgency because existing conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of the community and other financial resources are not available to meet that need. With respect to activities that principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, at least 51 percent of the activity's beneficiaries must be low and moderate income. For CDBG, a person is considered to be of low income only if he or she is a member of a household whose income would qualify as "very low income" under the Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments program. Generally, these Section 8 limits are based on 50% of area median. Similarly, CDBG moderate income relies on Section 8 "lower income" limits, which are generally tied to 80% of area median. These data are derived from the 2011-2015 American Community Survey (ACS) and based on Census 2010 geography.
To learn more about the Low to Moderate Income Populations visit: https://www.hudexchange.info/programs/acs-low-mod-summary-data/, for questions about the spatial attribution of this dataset, please reach out to us at GISHelpdesk@hud.gov. Data Dictionary: DD_Low to Moderate Income Populations by Tract
Open Government Licence - Canada 2.0https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada
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Characteristics of persons in low income families by low income lines.
The Low-Income Energy Affordability Data (LEAD) Tool was created by the Better Building's Clean Energy for Low Income Communities Accelerator (CELICA) to help state and local partners understand housing and energy characteristics for the low- and moderate-income (LMI) communities they serve. The LEAD Tool provides estimated LMI household energy data based on income, energy expenditures, fuel type, housing type, and geography, which stakeholders can use to make data-driven decisions when planning for their energy goals. From the LEAD Tool website, users can also create and download customized heat-maps and charts for various geographies, housing, and energy characteristics. Datasets are available for 50 states plus Puerto Rico and Washington D.C., along with their cities, counties, and census tracts. The file below, "1. Description of Files," provides a list of all files included in this dataset. A description of the abbreviations and units used in the LEAD Tool data can be found in the file below titled "2. Data Dictionary 2018". The Low-Income Energy Affordability Data comes primarily from the 2018 U.S. Census American Community Survey 5-Year Public Use Microdata Samples and is calibrated to 2018 U.S. Energy Information Administration electric utility (Survey Form-861) and natural gas utility (Survey Form-176) data. The methodology for the LEAD Tool can viewed below (3. Methodology Document). For more information, and to access the interactive LEAD Tool platform, please visit the "4. LEAD Tool Platform" resource link below. For more information on the Better Building's Clean Energy for Low Income Communities Accelerator (CELICA), please visit the "5. CELICA Website" resource below.
This dataset provides access to Qualified Census Tracts (QCTs) in Connecticut to assist in administration of American Rescue Plan (ARP) funds. The Secretary of HUD must designate QCTs, which are areas where either 50 percent or more of the households have an income less than 60 percent of the AMGI for such year or have a poverty rate of at least 25 percent. HUD designates QCTs based on new income and poverty data released in the American Community Survey (ACS). Specifically, HUD relies on the most recent three sets of ACS data to ensure that anomalous estimates, due to sampling, do not affect the QCT status of tracts. QCTs are identified for the purpose of Low-Income Housing Credits under IRC Section 42, with the purpose of increasing the availability of low-income rental housing by providing an income tax credit to certain owners of newly constructed or substantially rehabilitated low-income rental housing projects. Also included are the number of households from the 2010 census (the “p0150001” variable), the average poverty rate using the 2014-2018 ACS data (the “pov_rate_18” variable), and the ratio of Tract Average Household Size Adjusted Income Limit to Tract Median Household Income using the 2014-2018 ACS data (the “inc_factor_18” variable). For the last variable mentioned in the previous paragraph, the income limit is the limit for being considered a very low income household (size-adjusted and based on Area Mean Gross Income). This value is divided by the median household income for the given tract, to get a sense of how the limit and median incomes compare. For example, if ratio>1, it implies that the tract is very low income because the limit income is greater than the median income. This ratio is a compact way to include the separate variables for the household income limit and median household income for each tract.
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Households Income Ratio: 10% with High Income to 10% with Low Income: CF: Orel Region data was reported at 14.400 NA in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 10.500 NA for 2022. Households Income Ratio: 10% with High Income to 10% with Low Income: CF: Orel Region data is updated yearly, averaging 11.200 NA from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2023, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.800 NA in 2008 and a record low of 8.000 NA in 1999. Households Income Ratio: 10% with High Income to 10% with Low Income: CF: Orel Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HA016: Household Income Ratio: 10% with High Income to 10% with Low Income.
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HUD's LIHTC database contains information on 53,032 projects and 3.65 million housing units placed in service between 1987 and 2022. Data for properties placed in service in 2023 will be collected in the fall of 2024 and added to this database in the spring of 2025. The database includes project address, number of units and low-income units, number of bedrooms, year the credit was allocated, year the project was placed in service, whether the project was new construction or rehab, type of credit provided, and other sources of project financing. The database has been geocoded, enabling researchers to look at the geographical distribution and neighborhood characteristics of tax credit projects. It may also help show how incentives to locate projects in low-income areas and other underserved markets are working. With the continued support of the national LIHTC database, HUD hopes to enable researchers to learn more about the effects of the tax credit program.Summary of filesIn the zip file:LIHTC Data Dictionary 2022.PDF - The data dictionary for the LIHTC database (multiple address data use same formats) in Adobe Acrobat.LIHTCPUB.ACCDB - The LIHTC Database in MS Access format. This file also includes building addresses from HUD’s LIHTC tenant data collection.LIHTCPUB.CSV - The LIHTC Database in CSV format.missing data.PDF - Percent of Projects with Missing Data by Variable and Year Placed in Service
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This table contains regional statistics on relatively low-income households. The data are broken down by household characteristics such as gender and age of the main breadwinner, and the household composition and main source of income of the household. Two income limits are used for the classification by level of income: the low-income limit and the policy minimum. For these classifications, the number of households is published, both in absolute terms and as a percentage of the total population per region. The table also contains data on the number of households that had to survive on an income below the used income threshold for a long period of time (4 years and more). The results are used, among other things, in reports on poverty. The data relate to all private households with income as at 1 January of the year under review. Student households and households that only had an income for part of the year were not taken into account. The reference date for the municipal division is January 1, 2021. Data available from: 2011. Status of the figures: The figures in this table for 2011 to 2020 are final. The figures for 2021 are provisional. Changes as of December 2, 2022: None, this is a new table. When will there be new figures: New figures are expected in December 2023, and will appear in a new table.
In 2023/24 approximately 3.9 million children in the United Kingdom were living in absolute poverty after housing costs were considered, with a further 6.9 million working-age adults living in this situation, 1.6 million pensioners, and 5,4 million families where someone is disabled.
The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program requires that each CDBG funded activity must either principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, aid in the prevention or elimination of slums or blight, or meet a community development need having a particular urgency because existing conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of the community and other financial resources are not available to meet that need. With respect to activities that principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, at least 51 percent of the activity's beneficiaries must be low and moderate income. For CDBG, a person is considered to be of low income only if he or she is a member of a household whose income would qualify as "very low income" under the Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments program. Generally, these Section 8 limits are based on 50% of area median. Similarly, CDBG moderate income relies on Section 8 "lower income" limits, which are generally tied to 80% of area median. These data are from the 2011-2015 American Community Survey (ACS). To learn more about the Low to Moderate Income Populations visit: https://www.hudexchange.info/programs/acs-low-mod-summary-data/, for questions about the spatial attribution of this dataset, please reach out to us at GISHelpdesk@hud.gov. Data Dictionary: DD_Low to Moderate Income Populations by Block GroupDate of Coverage: ACS 2020-2016
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HMRC statistics used in Households Below Average Income statistics and gives local (LA) results.
Open Government Licence - Canada 2.0https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada
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Low income measures by household size and income source, Canada
Open Government Licence 3.0http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
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Between 2018 and 2022, people in households in the ‘other’, Asian and black ethnic groups were the most likely to be in persistent low income, both before and after housing costs, out of all ethnic groups.