The share of urban population in Madagascar amounted to 40.56 percent in 2023. In a steady upward trend, the share rose by 29.92 percentage points from 1960.

Madagascar MG: Population Living in Slums: % of Urban Population data was reported at 77.200 % in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 76.200 % for 2009. Madagascar MG: Population Living in Slums: % of Urban Population data is updated yearly, averaging 80.600 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2014, with 7 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 93.000 % in 1990 and a record low of 76.200 % in 2009. Madagascar MG: Population Living in Slums: % of Urban Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population living in slums is the proportion of the urban population living in slum households. A slum household is defined as a group of individuals living under the same roof lacking one or more of the following conditions: access to improved water, access to improved sanitation, sufficient living area, and durability of housing.; ; UN HABITAT, retrieved from the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals database. Data are available at : http://mdgs.un.org/; Weighted Average;

Madagascar MG: Urban Population Growth data was reported at 4.521 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.555 % for 2016. Madagascar MG: Urban Population Growth data is updated yearly, averaging 5.195 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.733 % in 1974 and a record low of 3.966 % in 2004. Madagascar MG: Urban Population Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.; Weighted average;

Madagascar MG: Rural Population: % of Total Population data was reported at 63.478 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 64.144 % for 2016. Madagascar MG: Rural Population: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 77.246 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 89.358 % in 1960 and a record low of 63.478 % in 2017. Madagascar MG: Rural Population: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.; Weighted average;

Urban or rural status. The urban cutoff level, i.e. the minimum population density per square kilometer, has been calculated so that the urban population matches the official statistics of 35 % in 2015 [2]. The urban cutoff level was calculated to be 683 people/km2, meaning that all settlements above this value are considered urban. The number of households in the settlements by 2030. Based on the urban or rural status the future population for the settlements have been estimated by applying a population growth rate to match future population projections according to [3] and [4]. The number of households 2030 have then been calculated using the epected urban and rural household sizes by 2030 of 3.7 and 4.4 people per household respectively [5]. Modeled household electrification status in 2015 (1 if the household in the cell are considered electrified by the national grid, 2 if electrified by mini-grids and 0 if non-electrified). The algorithm in OnSSET determines which household are likely to be electrified in 2015 to match the current electrification rate of 15% [6], based on meeting certain conditions for night-time light (NTL), population density and distance to the grid and roads. For Madagascar the settlements were calculated to be electrified by the national grid (RI Antananarico, RI Toamasina and RI Fianarantsoa) if they a) where within 5 km from the grid and had a minimum population density of 2287 people/km2 or minimum NTL of 60 or b) within 10 km from the grid and had a minimum population density of 10000 people/km2 or by mini-grids if they c) had a population density above 3882 people/km2 and minimum NTL of 5 or maximum 20 kilometers to major roads. [1] Facebook Connectivity Lab and Center for International Earth Science Information Network - CIESIN - Columbia University (2016). High Resolution Settlement Layer (HRSL). Source imagery for HRSL © 2016 DigitalGlobe https://energydata.info/dataset/madagascar-high-resolution-settlement-layer-2015 [2] United Nations - Economic Commission for Africa. The Demographic Profile of African Countries. (2016). [3] United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision. (2014). [4] Unicef - division of data, research and policy. Generation 2030 | Africa. (2014). [5] Mentis, D. et al. Lighting the World: the first application of an open source, spatial electrification tool (OnSSET) on Sub-Saharan Africa. Environmental Research Letters. Vol. 12, nr 8. (2017). [6] USAID. Power Africa in Madagascar | Power Africa | U.S. Agency for International Development. Available at: https://www.usaid.gov/powerafrica/madagascar. (2017).

Madagascar MG: Urban Population data was reported at 9,339,002.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 8,926,190.000 Person for 2016. Madagascar MG: Urban Population data is updated yearly, averaging 2,528,511.500 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9,339,002.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 542,675.000 Person in 1960. Madagascar MG: Urban Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.; Sum;

Madagascar MG: Urban Population: % of Total Population data was reported at 36.522 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 35.856 % for 2016. Madagascar MG: Urban Population: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 22.754 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36.522 % in 2017 and a record low of 10.642 % in 1960. Madagascar MG: Urban Population: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.; ; United Nations Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.; Weighted average;

This dataset was developed by KTH-dESA and describes settlement patterns relating to electrification in Madagascar. Using the Open Source Spatial Electrification Tool three attributes have been assigned to the settlements retrieved from the Madagascar High Resolution Settlement Layer developed by Facebook Connectivity Lab and CIESIN [1]. The three attributes are as follows:

• Urban or rural status. The urban cutoff level, i.e. the minimum population density per square kilometer, has been calculated so that the urban population matches the official statistics of 35 % in 2015 [2]. The urban cutoff level was calculated to be 683 people/km2, meaning that all settlements above this value are considered urban.

• The number of households in the settlements by 2030. Based on the urban or rural status the future population for the settlements have been estimated by applying a population growth rate to match future population projections according to [3] and [4]. The number of households 2030 have then been calculated using the epected urban and rural household sizes by 2030 of 3.7 and 4.4 people per household respectively [5].

• Modeled household electrification status in 2015 (1 if the household in the cell are considered electrified by the national grid, 2 if electrified by mini-grids and 0 if non-electrified). The algorithm in OnSSET determines which household are likely to be electrified in 2015 to match the current electrification rate of 15% [6], based on meeting certain conditions for night-time light (NTL), population density and distance to the grid and roads. For Madagascar the settlements were calculated to be electrified by the national grid (RI Antananarico, RI Toamasina and RI Fianarantsoa) if they a) where within 5 km from the grid and had a minimum population density of 2287 people/km2 or minimum NTL of 60 or b) within 10 km from the grid and had a minimum population density of 10000 people/km2 or by mini-grids if they c) had a population density above 3882 people/km2 and minimum NTL of 5 or maximum 20 kilometers to major roads.

[1] Facebook Connectivity Lab and Center for International Earth Science Information Network - CIESIN - Columbia University (2016). High Resolution Settlement Layer (HRSL). Source imagery for HRSL © 2016 DigitalGlobe https://energydata.info/dataset/madagascar-high-resolution-settlement-layer-2015

[2] United Nations - Economic Commission for Africa. The Demographic Profile of African Countries. (2016).

[3] United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision. (2014).

[4] Unicef - division of data, research and policy. Generation 2030 | Africa. (2014).

[5] Mentis, D. et al. Lighting the World: the first application of an open source, spatial electrification tool (OnSSET) on Sub-Saharan Africa. Environmental Research Letters. Vol. 12, nr 8. (2017).

[6] USAID. Power Africa in Madagascar | Power Africa | U.S. Agency for International Development. Available at: https://www.usaid.gov/powerafrica/madagascar. (2017).

The urban indicators data available here are analyzed, compiled and published by UN-Habitat’s Global Urban Observatory which supports governments, local authorities and civil society organizations to develop urban indicators, data and statistics. Urban statistics are collected through household surveys and censuses conducted by national statistics authorities. Global Urban Observatory team analyses and compiles urban indicators statistics from surveys and censuses. Additionally, Local urban observatories collect, compile and analyze urban data for national policy development. Population statistics are produced by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, World Urbanization Prospects.

The code, data and documentation in this folder should allow you to replicate the analysis and figures produced in the corresponding paper titled "Sacred sites shelter native plant species in a strongly urbanized landscape". If questions arise, please contact me under l.schmid@nus.edu.sg or lucvalschmid@gmail.com.

The share of urban population in Kenya increased by 0.5 percentage points (+1.72 percent) in 2023 in comparison to the previous year. With 29.52 percent, the share thereby reached its highest value in the observed period. Notably, the share continuously increased over the last years.The urban population refers to the share of the total population living in urban centers. Each country has their own definition of what constitutes an urban center (based on population size, area, or space between dwellings, among others), therefore international comparisons may be inconsistent.Find more key insights for the share of urban population in countries like Zambia and Madagascar.

Madagascar MG: Rural Population data was reported at 16,231,893.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 15,968,361.000 Person for 2016. Madagascar MG: Rural Population data is updated yearly, averaging 8,582,015.000 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16,231,893.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 4,556,698.000 Person in 1960. Madagascar MG: Rural Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.; Sum;

In 2023, the share of urban population in Burundi increased by 0.4 percentage points (+2.77 percent) compared to 2022. With 14.78 percent, the share thereby reached its highest value in the observed period. Notably, the share continuously increased over the last years.A country's urbanization rate refers to the share of the total population living in an urban setting. International comparisons of urbanization rates may be inconsistent, due to discrepancies between definitions of what constitutes an urban center (based on population size, area, or space between dwellings, among others).Find more key insights for the share of urban population in countries like Zambia and Madagascar.

The GRID3 MDG - Settlement Extents v3.0 consists of a geographic representation of settlements in Madagascar, in two forms: (1) settlement polygons, and (2) spatial points depicting the centroids of settled grid cells at 3-arc seconds (or ~100 meters) contained within settlement polygons.

Both layers include attributes as described in the codebooks.

The current version supersedes GRID3 Madagascar Settlement Extents, Version 02; the following changes were made: (1) Development of a new methodology to derive building counts and settlement polygons with open data. (2) Estimation of a probability value for settlement polygons (3) Addition of a building-area measure (4) Replacement of degree of urbanization with classification based on built-up areas, small settlement areas, and hamlets (5) Elimination of building-count ranges (6) Elimination of variable comparing to previous versions

Recommended Citation: Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2024. GRID3 MDG - Settlement Extents v3.0. New York: GRID3. [URL]. Accessed [DAY MONTH YEAR].

Madagascar MG: Net Migration data was reported at -7,500.000 Person in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of -7,500.000 Person for 2012. Madagascar MG: Net Migration data is updated yearly, averaging -8,250.000 Person from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2017, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Person in 1962 and a record low of -30,000.000 Person in 1977. Madagascar MG: Net Migration data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates.; ; United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; Sum;

Madagascar MG: Population in Urban Agglomerations of More Than 1 Million: as % of Total Population data was reported at 11.356 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 11.076 % for 2016. Madagascar MG: Population in Urban Agglomerations of More Than 1 Million: as % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 7.928 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.356 % in 2017 and a record low of 4.944 % in 1960. Madagascar MG: Population in Urban Agglomerations of More Than 1 Million: as % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the percentage of a country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2018 had a population of more than one million people.; ; United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.; Weighted average;

Madagascar MG: Population in Largest City data was reported at 2,903,952.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,757,316.000 Person for 2016. Madagascar MG: Population in Largest City data is updated yearly, averaging 881,017.000 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,903,952.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 252,097.000 Person in 1960. Madagascar MG: Population in Largest City data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population in largest city is the urban population living in the country's largest metropolitan area.; ; United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.; ;

Madagascar MG: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data was reported at 31.095 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 30.890 % for 2016. Madagascar MG: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data is updated yearly, averaging 34.845 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 46.455 % in 1960 and a record low of 29.539 % in 2005. Madagascar MG: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population in largest city is the percentage of a country's urban population living in that country's largest metropolitan area.; ; United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.; Weighted average;

Madagascar MG: Rural Population Growth data was reported at 1.637 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.661 % for 2016. Madagascar MG: Rural Population Growth data is updated yearly, averaging 2.223 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.802 % in 1998 and a record low of 1.637 % in 2017. Madagascar MG: Rural Population Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.; Weighted average;

Madagascar MG: Population: Growth data was reported at 2.681 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.689 % for 2016. Madagascar MG: Population: Growth data is updated yearly, averaging 2.842 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.162 % in 1998 and a record low of 2.374 % in 1960. Madagascar MG: Population: Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage . Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.; ; Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision, (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Weighted average;